Potential fly ash waste as catalytic converter for reduction of HC and CO emissions

Ghofur, Abdul; Soemarno,; Hadi, Abdul; Putra, Meilana Dharma

doi:10.1016/j.serj.2018.07.003

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Pada tahun 2015 produk tanah liat di Indonesia berkisar 27 juta m 3 [1]. Pemanfaatan tanah liat saat ini sangat bervariasi dari bidang rumah tangga, konstruksi bangunan, komponen kendaraan [2] , komponen pembangkit energi sel bahan bakar [3], industri perminyakan, serta bidang kosmetik [4] [5]. Karakteristik terpenting pada pemakaian tanah liat pada bidang industri adalah ukuran partikel, komposisi kimia, bentuk partikel, sifat fisik dan sifat kimia, porositas serta kekuatan tanah liat setelah mengalami proses sintering [5].…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Dampak Proses Sintering Material Keramik pada Sifat Mekanik dan Dimensi Suatu Produk

Sulistyo

2019

Rot.

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Proses sintering adalah proses pemanasan suatu material yang ditujukan untuk meningkatkan kekuatannya. Proses sintering pada material keramik dapat dilakukan pada temperatur tertentu . Temperatur yang dipakai tergantung dari karakteristik material keramik itu sendiri. Di wilayah Indonesia memiliki potensi bahan keramik sehingga diperlukan pemahaman proses sintering yang memadai untuk memperoleh karakteristik produk yang diharapkan sesuai kebutuhan bidang rekayasa. Paper ini membahas tentang proses sintering pada material keramik tanah liat (clay) menjadi produk kemudian dievaluasi perubahan dimensi dan kekuatan. Tanah liat dalam bentuk gumpalan besar (bongkahan) dikeringkan pada udara biasa dengan memanfaatkan panas sinar matahari selama 3 hari. Bongkahan tanah liat yang sudah kering dinacurkan secara manual menjadi bubuk. Pengukuran serbuk dilakukan dengan metode ayakan (sieving) menggunakan mesh 100. Serbuk dibentuk dalam bentuk disk dan silinder berpori dengan metode kompaksi dilanjutkan proses sintering. Sintering dilakukan pada suhu 950 C dan 1250 C. Ukuran produk sintering diukur menggunakan caliper. Kekuatan mekanik diukur dengan menggunakan three point bending. Proses sintering pada suhu 1250 C menghasilkan penyusutan yang paling besar dan kekuatan bending yang terbaik. Informasi ukuran sangat diperlukan dalam proses perakitan menjadi produk akhir

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Dampak Proses Sintering Material Keramik pada Sifat Mekanik dan Dimensi Suatu Produk

Sulistyo

2019

Rot.

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“…Diesel emissions do produce magnetite nanoparticles -spherical and often in aggregates [146,147]. What is unknown is whether such particles are indigenous products of diesel hydrocarbon combustion coupled with engine wear, or whether those particles originate from residues of catalysts used in fuel production [148], from the debris of catalytic converters [149] or from the consequence of fuel additives as various nanoparticles, including magnetite, are used as diesel fuel additives to improve combustion and reduce certain emissions [150].…”

Section: Sources Of Magnetic Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hematite and goethite have also been used as catalysts, often in composites with carbon, aluminum and zeolites [153]. Fly ash waste can function as a catalytic converter for reduction of HC and CO emissions [149]. Coal fly ash can be used as a catalyst in the production of biodiesel [148].…”

Section: Sources Of Magnetic Nanoparticlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geoengineering, Coal Fly Ash and the New Heart-Iron Connection: Universal Exposure to Iron Oxide Nanoparticulates

Whiteside¹,

Herndon²

2019

JAMMR

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Globally, air pollution is the leading environmental cause of human disease and death, and it is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease. Air pollution damages the cardiovascular system by oxidative stress, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and pro-thrombotic changes. Ultrafine particulate matter from the combustion of fossil fuels delivers the most potent and harmful elements of air pollution. Coal fly ash is a rich source of nano-sized metal, iron oxide, and carbonaceous particles. Previous findings revealed that coal fly ash is widely utilized in undisclosed tropospheric aerosol geoengineering. Proper iron balance is central to human health and disease, and the harmful effects of iron are normally prevented by tightly controlled processes of systemic and cellular iron homeostasis. Altered iron balance is linked to the traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The iron-heart hypothesis is supported by epidemiological, clinical, and experimental studies. Biogenic magnetite (Fe3O4) serves essential life functions, but iron oxide nanoparticles from anthropogenic sources cause disease. The recent finding of countless combustion-type magnetic nanoparticles in damaged hearts of persons from highly polluted areas is definitive evidence of the connection between the iron oxide fraction of air pollution and cardiovascular disease. Spherical magnetic iron oxide particles found in coal fly ash and certain vehicle emissions match the exogenous iron pollution particles found in the human heart. Iron oxide nanoparticles cross the placenta and may act as seed material for future cardiovascular disease. The pandemic of non-communicable diseases like cardiovascular disease and also rapid global warming can be alleviated by drastically reducing nanoparticulate air pollution. It is crucial to halt tropospheric aerosol geoengineering, and to curb fine particulate emissions from industrial and traffic sources to avoid further gross contamination of the human race by iron oxide-type nanoparticles.

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“…The effect of Fecl 3 with thermal barrier coating on the diesel engine, a significant increase in brake thermal efficiency and a decrease in brake specific fuel consumption was observed [10]. One of the works carried out by [11] involved the use of Fly ash waste as a catalyst to reduce emission in a diesel engine. Fly ash contains about 42-53% silica, 22-30% alumina and 4-5% Fe [11], provides a low thermal expansion coefficient and can withstand high temperatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the works carried out by [11] involved the use of Fly ash waste as a catalyst to reduce emission in a diesel engine. Fly ash contains about 42-53% silica, 22-30% alumina and 4-5% Fe [11], provides a low thermal expansion coefficient and can withstand high temperatures. They have also studied the effect of pressure, extra air supplied on the emission of gases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Optimization of an Exhaustive Muffler and Experimentation to reduce Emission using Fly ash

Agrawal*,

Malge

2019

IJRTE

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Exhaust gases from the combustion of the air-fuel mixture are reduced to non-harmful gases before releasing them into the atmosphere using a catalytic converter. Exhaust muffler or silencer are used to reduce noise and vibrations level due to the expansion of gases. In this research, a novel muffler is designed for 4-stroke, 125cc single-cylinder petrol engine and structural analysis are carried out for optimization using ANSYS Static Structural solver. The muffler is subjected to various pressure loads, acceleration loads, and load due to self-weight. Fatigue analysis is further carried out using stress-life approach and mean Soderberg theory of failures to determine Life, Damage, Safety factor, Biaxiality Indication, and Alternating equivalent stress under dynamic loading. Experimental analysis is carried out using an optimized muffler with fly ash as a catalyst to determine the reduction in emission. Structural analysis of the initial model was optimized by slight modification in design which reduced total deformation from 0.0379 mm to 0.0374 mm and equivalent stress from 52.878 Mpa to 50.969 Mpa. The safety factor was also increased from 1.6302 to 1.6902. Experimental results using Gas analyzer used for emission readings have shown a reduction in the emission of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons by 21.06% and 23.07% respectively as compared to a standard muffler.

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Potential fly ash waste as catalytic converter for reduction of HC and CO emissions

Cited by 23 publications

References 31 publications

Dampak Proses Sintering Material Keramik pada Sifat Mekanik dan Dimensi Suatu Produk

Dampak Proses Sintering Material Keramik pada Sifat Mekanik dan Dimensi Suatu Produk

Geoengineering, Coal Fly Ash and the New Heart-Iron Connection: Universal Exposure to Iron Oxide Nanoparticulates

Design and Optimization of an Exhaustive Muffler and Experimentation to reduce Emission using Fly ash

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