Potential drugs for the treatment of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) in China

Pan, Xiaoqi; Dong, Liang; Yang, Lian; Chen, Dayi; Peng, Cheng

doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2020.198057

Cited by 55 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Alpha-lipoic acid, baloxavir, colchicine, interferon, lopinavir/ritonavir, favipiravir, ribavirin, ruxolitinib, among others, do not have RCTs, then no conclusions yet can be made [155]. Ribavirin and favipiravir are RNA polymerase inhibitors and have been used alone or in combination with IFN-α in COVID-19 patients [156]. Tocilizumab, ivermectin does not have RCTs yet, although they have preclinical data suggesting usefulness in COVID-19 [157,158].…”

Section: Oligonucleotides Targeting Sars-cov-2 Rna Genomementioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 and advances in developing potential therapeutics and vaccines to counter this emerging pandemic

Rabaan

Al-Ahmed

Sah

et al. 2020

Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob

107

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A novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), causing an emerging coronavirus disease (COVID-19), first detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, which has taken a catastrophic turn with high toll rates in China and subsequently spreading across the globe. The rapid spread of this virus to more than 210 countries while affecting more than 25 million people and causing more than 843,000 human deaths, it has resulted in a pandemic situation in the world. The SARS-CoV-2 virus belongs to the genus Betacoronavirus, like MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV, all of which originated in bats. It is highly contagious, causing symptoms like fever, dyspnea, asthenia and pneumonia, thrombocytopenia, and the severely infected patients succumb to the disease. Coronaviruses (CoVs) among all known RNA viruses have the largest genomes ranging from 26 to 32 kb in length. Extensive research has been conducted to understand the molecular basis of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and evolution, develop effective therapeutics, antiviral drugs, and vaccines, and to design rapid and confirmatory viral diagnostics as well as adopt appropriate prevention and control strategies. To date, August 30, 2020, no effective, proven therapeutic antibodies or specific drugs, and vaccines have turned up. In this review article, we describe the underlying molecular organization and phylogenetic analysis of the coronaviruses, including the SARS-CoV-2, and recent advances in diagnosis and vaccine development in brief and focusing mainly on developing potential therapeutic options that can be explored to manage this pandemic virus infection, which would help in valid countering of COVID-19.

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Section: Oligonucleotides Targeting Sars-cov-2 Rna Genomementioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 and advances in developing potential therapeutics and vaccines to counter this emerging pandemic

Rabaan

Al-Ahmed

Sah

et al. 2020

Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The name Salvia comes from the Latin word "salvare, " which means "healing." Salvia species have been widely used as medicinal plants, and as an important component of the Xuebijing injection, they have played an important role in the treatment and recovery of individuals with COVID-19 (Pan et al, 2020;Wen et al, 2020;Zhang Y.L. et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Chloroplast Genomes From Two Salvia Medicinal Plants and Gene Transfer Among Their Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Genomes

Gao

Zhang

et al. 2020

Front. Genet.

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Salvia species have been widely used as medicinal plants and have played an important role in the treatment and recovery of individuals with COVID-19. In this study, we reported two newly identified whole chloroplast genome sequences of Salvia medicinal plants (Salvia yangii and Salvia miltiorrhiza f. alba) and compared them with those of seven other reported Salvia chloroplast genomes. These were proven to be highly similar in terms of overall size, genome structure, gene content, and gene order. We identified 10 mutation hot spots (trnK-rps16, atpH-atpI, psaA-ycf3, ndhC-trnV, ndhF, rpl32-trnL, ndhG-ndhI, rps15-ycf1, ycf1a, and ycf1b) as candidate DNA barcodes for Salvia. Additionally, we observed the transfer of nine large-sized chloroplast genome fragments, with a total size of 49,895 bp (accounting for 32.97% of the chloroplast genome), into the mitochondrial genome as they shared >97% sequence similarity. Phylogenetic analyses of the whole chloroplast genome provided a high resolution of Salvia. This study will pave the way for the identification and breeding of Salvia medicinal plants and further phylogenetic evolutionary research on them as well.

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“…Given this impact, there has been great interest in finding potential treatments for COVID-19 3 although early enthusiasm and adoption of possible candidate drugs, such as hydroxychloroquine, has been tempered upon rigorous study 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Moderate to Severe Respiratory COVID-19—A Cost-Utility Analysis

Congly

Varughese

Brown

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Due to COVID-19's significant morbidity and mortality, identifying the most cost-effective pharmacologic treatment strategy is critical. As such, we determined the most cost-effective strategy for moderate to severe COVID-19 respiratory infections using the United States health care system as a representative model. Methods: A decision analytic model modelled a base case scenario of a 60-year-old patient admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Patients requiring oxygen were considered moderate severity, and patients with severe COVID-19 required intubation with intensive care. Strategies modelled included giving remdesivir to all patients, remdesivir in severe infections, remdesivir in moderate infections, dexamethasone to all patients, dexamethasone in severe infections, remdesivir in moderate/dexamethasone in severe infections, and best supportive care. Data for the model came from the published literature. The time horizon was 1 year; no discounting was performed due to the short duration. The perspective was of the payer in the United States health care system. Results: Supportive care for moderate/severe COVID-19 cost $11,112.98/0.8256 QALY. Remdesivir in moderate/dexamethasone in severe infections was the most cost-effective with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $19,764.56/QALY gained compared to supportive care. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses showed remdesivir for moderate/dexamethasone for severe COVID-19 infection was most cost-effective in 88.6% of scenarios and dexamethasone in moderate-severe infections in 11.4% of scenarios. With lower willingness to pay thresholds ($250-$37,500), dexamethasone for severe infections was favoured. Conclusions: Remdesivir for moderate/dexamethasone for severe COVID-19 infections was the most cost-effective strategy. Further data is required for remdesivir to better assess its cost effectiveness in treatment of COVID-19.

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Potential drugs for the treatment of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) in China

Cited by 55 publications

References 58 publications

SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 and advances in developing potential therapeutics and vaccines to counter this emerging pandemic

SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 and advances in developing potential therapeutics and vaccines to counter this emerging pandemic

Characterization of Chloroplast Genomes From Two Salvia Medicinal Plants and Gene Transfer Among Their Mitochondrial and Chloroplast Genomes

Treatment of Moderate to Severe Respiratory COVID-19—A Cost-Utility Analysis

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