Postural responses during falling with rapid reach-and-grasp balance reaction in patients with motor complete paraplegia

Kh, Lin; Lu, Tao; Pp, Hsu; Song, Yu; Ws, Liao

doi:10.1038/sj.sc.3102100

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…With the development of theoretical and experimental methods to improve accuracy and reliability, human motion analysis has become a useful investigative and diagnostic tool in many research and clinical areas, such as medicine, ergonomics and sports, to name but a few. Through human motion analysis, the deviations from normal movement in terms of the altered kinematic, kinetic or EMG patterns can be identified and then used to evaluate the neuromusculoskeletal conditions, to help with subsequent treatment planning and/or to assess the efficacy of treatment in various patient groups, such as those with CP [18,19], stroke [55–61], knee osteoarthritis (OA) [62–69], diabetes mellitus (DM) [70,71], and spinal cord injury (SCI) [72]. Human motion analysis has also seen many applications in assistive technology, such as prosthetics and orthotics, in which accurate evaluation of critical joint motion characteristics can be obtained from human motion measurements.…”

Section: Applications Of Human Motion Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanics of human movement and its clinical applications

Chang

2012

The Kaohsiung J of Med Scie

138

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All life forms on earth, including humans, are constantly subjected to the universal force of gravitation, and thus to forces from within and surrounding the body. Through the study of the interaction of these forces and their effects, the form, function and motion of our bodies can be examined and the resulting knowledge applied to promote quality of life. Under gravity and other loads, and controlled by the nervous system, human movement is achieved through a complex and highly coordinated mechanical interaction between bones, muscles, ligaments and joints within the musculoskeletal system. Any injury to, or lesion in, any of the individual elements of the musculoskeletal system will change the mechanical interaction and cause degradation, instability or disability of movement. On the other hand, proper modification, manipulation and control of the mechanical environment can help prevent injury, correct abnormality, and speed healing and rehabilitation. Therefore, understanding the biomechanics and loading of each element during movement using motion analysis is helpful for studying disease etiology, making decisions about treatment, and evaluating treatment effects. In this article, the history and methodology of human movement biomechanics, and the theoretical and experimental methods developed for the study of human movement, are reviewed. Examples of motion analysis of various patient groups, prostheses and orthoses, and sports and exercises, are used to demonstrate the use of biomechanical and stereophotogrammetry-based human motion analysis studies to address clinical issues. It is suggested that further study of the biomechanics of human movement and its clinical applications will benefit from the integration of existing engineering techniques and the continuing development of new technology.

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Section: Applications Of Human Motion Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanics of human movement and its clinical applications

Chang

2012

The Kaohsiung J of Med Scie

138

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“…Studies have assessed FOF in the elderly population [9] and in persons with Parkinson disease [10] and stroke [11]. Lin et al investigated the kinematic, kinetic, and electromyographic aspects of postural control during falling with rapid reach-and-grasp balance reaction in individuals with thoracic (T) SCI wearing KAFOs [12]. They concluded that back postural muscles alone are not sufficient to maintain balance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postural control and fear of falling in persons with low-level paraplegia

John

Cherian²,

Babu³

2010

JRRD

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Abstract-Falls are prevalent reasons for spinal cord injury (SCI). Postinjury fear of falling (FOF) can affect rehabilitation potential. We quantified FOF in 15 men with paraplegia (ambulatory with bilateral knee-ankle-foot orthoses [KAFOs] and elbow crutches) in correlation with their postural control at the center for long-term SCI rehabilitation of a tertiary-care teaching hospital. Our outcome measures comprised the American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale, the Modified Falls Efficacy Scale (MFES), postural sway measurements in the anteroposterior and mediolateral directions; and walking speed, cadence, and endurance. We assessed FOF with the MFES followed by measuring postural sway with a force platform. We measured gait parameters by asking the participant to ambulate on an indoor pathway. The mean postural sway was 314.13 +/-184.05 mm (mean +/-standard deviation) in the anteroposterior direction and 222.16 +/-112.34 mm in the mediolateral direction. The MFES score was 41.29 +/-12.77, which showed a statistically significant negative correlation with postural control. The self-perception of confidence as measured by MFES might not really represent the actual postural stability in individuals with low-level paraplegia. FOF can adversely affect the postural control of individuals with low-level paraplegia. Clinicians should consider FOF as an influential factor in postural control during rehabilitation.

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“…6,14 Brotherton et al, 6 stated that postural control has an essential role in the prevention of falls, as patients with good postural control demonstrate better walking and standing performance. Lin et al 15 evaluated the kinematics, kinetics and electromyography associated with postural control during static stance when people with SCI voluntarily let go of their walking frame. The resulting instability caused a rapid reach-and-grasp balance reaction in these individuals with thoracic level of injury.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of ankle joint mobility when using an orthosis on stability in patients with spinal cord injury: a pilot study

et al. 2013

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Objectives: Perceived risk of falling is an important factor for people with spinal cord injury (SCI). This study investigated the influence of ankle joint motion on postural stability and walking in people with SCI when using an orthosis. Methods: Volunteer subjects with SCI (n ¼ 5) participated in this study. Each subject was fitted with an advanced reciprocating gait orthosis (ARGO) equipped with either solid or dorsiflexion-assist type ankle-foot orthosis (AFOs) and walked at their self-selected speed along a flat walkway to enable the comparison of walking speed, cadence and endurance. A force plate system and a modified Falls Efficacy Scale (MFES) were utilized to measure postural sway and the perceived fear of falling, respectively. Results: There were significant differences in the mean MFES scores between two types of orthosis (P ¼ 0.023). When using two crutches, there was no significant difference in static standing postural sway in the medio-lateral (M/L) direction (P ¼ 0.799), but significant difference in the antero-posterior (A/P) direction (P ¼ 0.014). However, during single crutch support, there was a significant difference in both M/L (P ¼ 0.019) and A/P (P ¼ 0.022) directions. Walking speed (7%) and endurance (5%) significantly increased when using the ARGO with dorsi flexion assisted AFOs. There was no significant deference between two types of orthoses in cadence (P ¼ 0.54). Conclusions: Using an ARGO with dorsiflexion-assisted AFOs increased the fear of falling, but improved static postural stability and increased walking speed and endurance, and should therefore be considered as an effective orthosis during the rehabilitation of people with SCI.

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Postural responses during falling with rapid reach-and-grasp balance reaction in patients with motor complete paraplegia

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Biomechanics of human movement and its clinical applications

Biomechanics of human movement and its clinical applications

Postural control and fear of falling in persons with low-level paraplegia

The influence of ankle joint mobility when using an orthosis on stability in patients with spinal cord injury: a pilot study

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