Postexercise rehydration in man: The effects of osmolality and carbohydrate content of ingested drinks

Evans, Gethin H.; Shirreffs, Susan M.; Maughan, Ronald J.

doi:10.1016/j.nut.2008.12.014

Cited by 72 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Whilst it is clear that a sufficient volume of drink must be ingested to facilitate complete rehydration, these results demonstrate that the composition of the drink is of paramount importance for drink retention. These findings are consistent with numerous previous studies examining the post-exercise rehydration effects of different drinks (Shirreffs et al 2007a;Shirreffs et al 2007b;Evans et al 2009;James et al 2012). It seems that when rehydration drinks are ingested in a volume equivalent to 150% of sweat losses over 1 h, the addition of carbohydrate (Evans et al 2009), protein (James et al 2012) or potassium (Shirreffs et al 2007a) might not sufficiently reduce urine production to prevent fluid balance from becoming negative in the hours after drinking.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…These findings are consistent with numerous previous studies examining the post-exercise rehydration effects of different drinks (Shirreffs et al 2007a;Shirreffs et al 2007b;Evans et al 2009;James et al 2012). It seems that when rehydration drinks are ingested in a volume equivalent to 150% of sweat losses over 1 h, the addition of carbohydrate (Evans et al 2009), protein (James et al 2012) or potassium (Shirreffs et al 2007a) might not sufficiently reduce urine production to prevent fluid balance from becoming negative in the hours after drinking. In contrast, the addition of sodium to a rehydration drink has been shown to consistently influence urine production in a dosedependent manner (Maughan and Leiper 1995;Shirreffs et al 1996;Merson et al 2008).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…In contrast, in situations where gastric emptying is delayed, the recovery of plasma volume is also delayed (Evans et al 2009;Evans et al 2011;Clayton et al 2013). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of whey protein isolate on rehydration after exercise

et al. 2014

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Studies have examined adding protein to carbohydrate-electrolyte rehydration drinks, but the effects of protein in isolation remain unknown. Ten subjects completed two trials in which they were dehydrated (~2% of pre-exercise body mass) by intermittent cycling in the heat .Subjects then rehydrated (150% total mass loss) over 1 h with mineral water (W) or mineral water plus 20 g·L -1 whey protein isolate (WP) and remained in the laboratory for a further 4 h.Blood and urine samples were provided pre-exercise, post-exercise, post-rehydration and every hour thereafter. From blood samples, serum osmolality, change in plasma volume and plasma albumin content was determined, whilst the volume and osmolality of urine samples were determined. There was no difference between trials for total urine volume (W: 1234 (358)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Effect of whey protein isolate on rehydration after exercise

et al. 2014

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“…Evans et al (12) also assessed the effect of solutions with glucose concentration and osmolality of 0% and 0mOsm/kg, 2% and 111mOsm/kg, 5% and 266mOsm/kg and 10% and 565mOsm/ kg, respectively in 12 male individuals and observed that the ingestion of hypertonic solution (10% of glucose) resulted in decrease of plasmatic volume and led to the onset of water in the small intestine which, probably, was originated from the vascular volume. Variation in temperature and humidity conditions was verified between the days of ingestion of the control and test drinks, being the difference for relative humidity higher.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efeito de suplemento hidroeletrolítico na hidratação de jogadores juniores de futebol

Silva

Carneiro

Crispim

et al. 2011

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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The hydration status of nine male under 18 soccer players was evaluated after ingestion of the most accepted carbohydrate-electrolytic drink between three tests. The study was conducted during 80 minutes of training. The soccer players ingested 900 mL of a commercial carbohydrateelectrolytic drink (control) plus 300 mL of water or 900 mL of the most accepted drink (test) plus 300 mL of water. The time of training, exercise intensity, urinary status, weight, weight loss, the weight loss rate, the dehydration degree and the sweat rate were determined to verify the hydration status. The drink with 8% carbohydrate was the best accepted. The exercise intensity of the players was higher on the days that they ingested the tested drink. The time of training in relation to the tested drink was significantly lower than the control beverage (p = 0.008). The weight loss, the dehydration degree and sweat rate of the athletes with fluid intake test was higher when compared to control fluid intake. The athletes completed the game more dehydrated with the drinking fluid test; however, the limit of 2% weight loss was not exceeded. The exercise intensity (mild to moderate) and climatic conditions (lower temperature and higher relative humidity) on the day of the fluid control intake control may have helped the best results from the hydration capacity of the fluid control.

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“…First aid measures include rest, cooling of the body with water or drinking a carbohydrate-electrolyte solution (such as juice, milk or a commercial drink) and icing or stretching of the affected muscles. (48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53)(54)(55)(56)(57) Potable water may be used if carbohydrate-electrolyte solutions are not readily available. (9) Casualties with heat exhaustion may present with nausea, dizziness, muscle cramps, headache, fatigue and heavy sweating.…”

Section: Medicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guidelines for Bystander First Aid 2016

Pek¹

2017

smedj

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Cardiac life support is a form of fi rst aid for cardiac emergencies. However, research and evidence in this fi eld is lacking compared with other forms of fi rst aid. Having identifi ed the common emergencies that are encountered in the hospital, based on the available evidence, we have put together what could be an evidence-based approach to the fi rst aid management of some of these common emergencies, viz. breathlessness, chest pain, allergies, stroke, heat injury, poisoning, unconsciousness, seizures, and trauma situations such as bleeding, wounds, contusions, head injury, burns and fractures. Educating the public is the key to developing a fi rst responder bystander. These guidelines could become the basis for training of the public.

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Postexercise rehydration in man: The effects of osmolality and carbohydrate content of ingested drinks

Cited by 72 publications

References 27 publications

Effect of whey protein isolate on rehydration after exercise

Effect of whey protein isolate on rehydration after exercise

Efeito de suplemento hidroeletrolítico na hidratação de jogadores juniores de futebol

Guidelines for Bystander First Aid 2016

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