Posterior Chamber Phakic Intraocular Lens Implantation for the Correction of Myopia and Myopic Astigmatism: A Retrospective 10-Year Follow-up Study

Nakamura, Tomoaki; Isogai, Naoki; Kojima, Takashi; Yoshida, Yoko; Sugiyama, Yasuo

doi:10.1016/j.ajo.2019.04.024

Cited by 68 publications

(63 citation statements)

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“…Since COVID-19 quarantine had a great influence on alterations of schoolchildren lifestyle and study behaviors, it provided a practical intervention model for comparing the differences of risk factors related to myopia between normal period and COVID-19 period. Earlier studies [37][38][39] have used the 6-month interval to measure myopia progression for exploring the intervention strategies. In addition, during August 2020, we further used a new-designed questionnaire to survey 12,013 students, which were randomly selected from all grades.…”

Section: Measurements and Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Quarantine Reveals Grade-specific Behavioral Modification of Myopia: One-Million Chinese Schoolchildren Study

Yuan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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SummaryBackgroundHigh prevalence of myopia of adolescent has been a global public health concern. Their risk factors and effective prevention methods for myopia across schoolchildren developmental stages are critically needed but remain uncertain due to the difficulty in implementing intervention measurements under normal life situation. We aimed to study the impact of the COVID-19 quarantine on myopia development among over one-million schoolchildren.MethodsWe designed the ongoing longitudinal project of Myopic Epidemiology and Intervention Study (MEIS) to biannually examine myopia among millions of schoolchildren for ten years in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China. In the present study, we performed three examinations of myopia in 1,305 elementary and high schools for schoolchildren in June 2019, December 2019 and June 2020. We used the normal period (June-December 2019) and COVID-19 quarantine period (January-June 2020) for comparisons. Myopia was defined as an uncorrected visual acuity of 20/25 or less and a spherical equivalent refraction (SER) of -0.5 diopters (D) or less. High myopia was defined as an SER of -6.0 D or less.FindingsIn June 2019, 1,001,749 students aged 7-18 were eligible for examinations. In the 6-month and 12-month follow-up studies, there were 813,755 eligible students (81.2%) and 768,492 eligible students (76.7%), respectively. Among all students, we found that half-year myopia progression increased approximate 1.5 times from -0.263 D (95% CI, -0.262 to -0.264) during normal period to -0.39 D (95% CI, -0.389 to -0.391) during COVID-19 quarantine (P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified grade rather than age was significantly associated with myopia (Hazard ratio [HR]: 1.10, 95% CI, 1.08 to 1.13; P < 0.001) and high myopia (HR: 1.40, 95% CI, 1.35 to 1.46; P < 0.001) after adjustment for other factors. The prevalence, progression, and incidence of myopia and high myopia could be categorized into two grade groups: I (grades 1-6) and II (grades 7-12). Specifically, COVID-19 quarantine for 6 months sufficiently increased risk of developing myopia (OR: 1.36, 95% CI, 1.33 to 1.40) or high myopia (OR: 1.30, 95% CI, 1.22 to 1.39) in Grade Group I, but decreased risk of developing myopia (OR: 0.45, 95% CI, 0.43 to 0.48) or high myopia (OR: 0.57, 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.59) in Grade Group II.InterpretationThe finding that behavioral modifications for six months during COVID-19 quarantine sufficiently and grade-specifically modify myopia development offers the largest human behavioral intervention data at the one million scale to identify the grade-specific causal factors and effective prevention methods for guiding the formulation of myopia prevention and control policies.FundingKey Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China; the National Natural Science Foundation of China; Scientific Research Foundation for Talents of Wenzhou Medical University; Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province.Research in contextEvidence before this studyMyopia is the most-common refractive error worldwide. Myopia with younger onset may result in developing high myopia, which is associated with sight-threatening ocular diseases such as maculopathy, retinal detachment, opticneuropathy, glaucoma, retinal atrophy, choroidal neovascularization. In light of the increasing prevalence of myopia and high myopia has been a global public health concern, the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on myopia development has gained substantial attention. We searched PubMed, Google Scholar, and MEDLINE databases for original articles reported between database inception and November 10, 2020, using the following search terms: (coronavirus OR COVID* OR SARS-COV-2 OR lockdown OR quarantine) AND (myopia OR short-sightedness OR refractive error). To date, there was no original study reported to uncover the influence of COVID-19 quarantine on myopia progression.Added value of this studyThis study provides the largest longitudinal intervention data on myopia progression in Chinese schoolchildren covering all grades of schoolchildren at one-million scale. COVID-19 quarantine model uncovers that behavioral modifications for six months may lead to significant increase of overall prevalence of myopia associated with their increased screen times and decreased outdoor activity times. Importantly, their effects on developing myopia or high myopia of students are grade-dependent, which were risk factors for elementary schools period but protective factors for high schools period partly due to reduced school education burden.Implications of all the available evidenceThis one-million schoolchildren myopia survey offers evidence that six months behavioral modifications sufficiently and grade-specifically change the progression of myopia and high myopia. In view of the increased use of electronic devices is an unavoidable trend, effective myopia prevention strategy according to grade among students is urgently needed. Since COVID-19 outbreak is still ongoing and spreading, international collaborate efforts are warranted to uncover the influence of COVID-19 on myopia progression to further substantiate these findings.

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Section: Measurements and Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Quarantine Reveals Grade-specific Behavioral Modification of Myopia: One-Million Chinese Schoolchildren Study

Yuan

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…The phakic posterior chamber intraocular lenses (pIOLs) are used for correction of refractive errors in patients unsuitable for LASIK as with high degrees of errors of refraction with thin corneal thickness with the advantages of better contrast sensitivity and lower induction of postoperative aberrations. But have some disadvantages as potential trauma to intraocular structures and infections (1,2) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Anterior Chamber Angle by Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography After Implantable Phakic Contact Lens Implantation in Myopic Eyes.

Mahmoud

Mohamed

Zein

2021

Preprint

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Purpose: To evaluate the changes in the angle of the AC and lens vault after IPCL implantation by AS-OCT in myopic patients.Methods: A prospective observational study involving 30 myopic eyes which were implanted with IPCL with AS-OCT was used for evaluation of the anterior chamber angle parameters as anterior chamber angle (ACA), angle opening distance (AOD) and, trabecular iris space area (TISA) and lens vault at 1,3 and 6 months postoperatively.Results: There were high significant changes between the preoperative values of ACA, AOD and, TISA and first follow-up after 1 month postoperatively with no significant changes between second and third follow-up after 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Regarding the vault, there were stable vault values with no significant changes after 6 months follow-up.Conclusion: IPCL is a safe method of correction of myopia with stable AC angle narrowing which was monitored by the safe noncontact tool, AS-OCT.

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“…The refractive error of myopia is commonly corrected by eyeglasses, contact lens, implantable contact lens [ 1 ], and corneal refractive surgery [ 2 ]. In the early 1990s, photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) was first introduced for the surgical correction of myopia [ 3 ]; laser ablation refractive surgery was widely applied for anterior segment operation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of visual outcomes after femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK versus flap-off epipolis LASIK for myopia

2020

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Background: This study clinically evaluated the visual outcomes after refractive surgery for myopia using femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (femto-LASIK) and flap-off epipolis LASIK (epi-LASIK). Methods: In this retrospective case series study, 40 eyes of 27 patients were divided into two groups depending on the technique used for refractive surgery. Femto-LASIK and flap-off epi-LASIK flaps were created using femtosecond laser and Epi-K™ epikeratome, respectively. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), corrected distance visual acuity, manifest refraction, corneal asphericity, and corneal higher-order aberrations (HOAs) were assessed pre-and postoperatively. Results: The improvement in logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) UDVA after refractive surgery was statistically significant for both groups (P < 0.001 for all groups); it was significant better in UDVA in femto-LASIK than flap-off epi-LASIK, 0.03 ± 0.06 logMAR (femto-LASIK) and 0.54 ± 0.31 logMAR (flap-off epi-LASIK), at 1 day postoperatively; 0.02 ± 0.05 logMAR (femto-LASIK) and 0.14 ± 0.13 logMAR (flap-off epi-LASIK), at 1 week postoperatively (P < 0.001 and P = 0.019). With regard to the corneal HOAs, the increment in spherical aberration (Z 4,0) was greater in flap-off epi-LASIK than femto-LASIK: 0.626 ± 0.232 μm and 0.479 ± 0.139 μm in the front cornea; 0.556 ± 0.227 μm and 0.430 ± 0.137 μm in the total cornea (P = 0.016 and P = 0.017). However, the back corneal HOA changes did not have a significant effect on the total corneal HOA changes. Conclusion: Femto-LASIK yielded better early visual outcomes than did flap-off epi-LASIK, but there was no significant difference between the outcomes of the two procedures, 1 week postoperatively.

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Posterior Chamber Phakic Intraocular Lens Implantation for the Correction of Myopia and Myopic Astigmatism: A Retrospective 10-Year Follow-up Study

Cited by 68 publications

References 22 publications

COVID-19 Quarantine Reveals Grade-specific Behavioral Modification of Myopia: One-Million Chinese Schoolchildren Study

COVID-19 Quarantine Reveals Grade-specific Behavioral Modification of Myopia: One-Million Chinese Schoolchildren Study

Evaluation of the Anterior Chamber Angle by Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography After Implantable Phakic Contact Lens Implantation in Myopic Eyes.

Comparison of visual outcomes after femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK versus flap-off epipolis LASIK for myopia

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