Post-landing major element quantification using SuperCam laser induced breakdown spectroscopy

Anderson, R. B.; Forni, O.; Cousin, A.; Wiens, R. C.; Clegg, S. M.; Frydenvang, J.; Gabriel, T. S. J.; Ollila, A.; Schröder, Susanne; Beyssac, Olivier; Gibbons, E. F.; Vogt, David; Clavé, Elise; Manrique, J. A.; Legett, Carey; Pilleri, P.; Newell, Raymond; Sarrao, Joseph H.; Maurice, S.; Arana, Gorka; Benzerara, Karim; Bernardi, Pernelle; Bernard, Sylvain; Bousquet, Bruno; Brown, Adrian; Álvarez-Llamas, César; Chide, Baptiste; Cloutis, E. A.; Comellas, J. M.; Connell, Stephanie; Dehouck, E.; Delapp, D.; Essunfeld, Ari; Fabre, C.; Fouchet, Thierry; García‐Florentino, Cristina; García-Gómez, L.; Gasda, P. J.; Gasnault, O.; Hausrath, Elisabeth M.; Lanza, N.; Laserna, Javier; Lasue, J.; López, G.; Madariaga, Juan Manuel; Mandon, Lucia; Mangold, N.; Meslin, Pierre-Yves; Nelson, Anthony; Newsom, H. E.; Reyes‐Newell, A.; Robinson, S.; Rull, Fernando; Sharma, Shiv K.; Simon, Justin I.; Sobrón, P.; Fernández, Imanol Torre; Udry, Arya; Venhaus, D.; McLennan, S. M.; Morris, R. V.; Ehlmann, B. L.

doi:10.1016/j.sab.2021.106347

Cited by 55 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…The RMSEs of TiO 2 have higher standard deviations (1.3 wt.% for PLS models and 1.8 wt.% for LASSO models) than other elements, which may be caused by its lower concentration (Figure 4), and thus low intensities of Ti emission lines. In addition, the RMSEs of the PLS and LASSO models are comparable to the published models for MarSCoDe [7], ChemCam [13], and SuperCam [15], while all PLS models have lower RMSEs than the LASSO models (Figure 6). For example, the RMSEs of SiO 2 are 8.3 wt.% for the PLS model (this work), 9.4 wt.% for the LASSO model (this work), 6.9 wt.% for the MarSCoDe test model, 5.3 wt.% for the ChemCam model, and 6.1 wt.% for the SuperCam model.…”

Section: Multivariate Models For Major Elementssupporting

confidence: 63%

“…PLS and LASSO are commonly used multivariate regression methods to interpret spectroscopic spectra of geological samples [15,[23][24][25][26]. We built 100 multivariate models Al, O, H, and C) were identified based on the NIST database [22].…”

Section: Multivariate Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in NaCl-CaCl 2 brines with constant Ca cations but different NaCl concentrations, the intensities of Ca emission lines are different due to the diverse electron temperature (Te) and density (Ne) in plasma caused by different concentrations of NaCl [11]. An effective approach to overcome the chemical matrix effects involves using multivariate statistical methods built using a large number of calibration standards, which has been successfully applied to other LIBS payloads such as ChemCam onboard the Curiosity rover [12][13][14] and SuperCam onboard the Perseverance rover [15]. Thus, calibration standards are the keys to multivariate analysis of LIBS spectra acquired by MarSCoDe with the intent to obtain reliable chemical information.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Martian Analogues Library (MAL) Applicable for Tianwen-1 MarSCoDe-LIBS Data Interpretation

Liu

et al. 2022

Remote Sensing

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China’s first Mars exploration mission, named Tianwen-1, landed on Mars on 15 May 2021. The Mars Surface Composition Detector (MarSCoDe) payload onboard the Zhurong rover applied the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technique to acquire chemical compositions of Martian rocks and soils. The quantitative interpretation of MarSCoDe-LIBS spectra needs to establish a LIBS spectral database that requires plenty of terrestrial geological standards. In this work, we selected 316 terrestrial standards including igneous rocks, sedimentary rocks, metamorphic rocks, and ores, whose chemical compositions, rock types, and chemical weathering characteristics were comparable to those of Martian materials from previous orbital and in situ detections. These rocks were crushed, ground, and sieved into powders less than <38 μm and pressed into pellets to minimize heterogeneity at the scale of laser spot. The chemical compositions of these standards were independently measured by X-ray fluorescence (XRF). Subsequently, the LIBS spectra of MAL standards were acquired using an established LIBS system at Shandong University (SDU-LIBS). In order to evaluate the performance of these standards in LIBS spectral interpretation, we established multivariate models using partial least squares (PLS) and least absolute shrinkage and selection (LASSO) algorithms to predict the abundance of major elements based on SDU-LIBS spectra. The root mean squared error (RMSE) values of these models are comparable to those of the published models for MarSCoDe, ChemCam, and SuperCam, suggesting these PLS and LASSO models work well. From our research, we can conclude that these 316 MAL targets are good candidates to acquire geochemistry information based on the LIBS technique. These targets could be regarded as geological standards to build a LIBS database using a prototype of MarSCoDe in the near future, which is critical to obtain accurate chemical compositions of Martian rocks and soils based on MarSCoDe-LIBS spectral data.

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Section: Multivariate Models For Major Elementssupporting

confidence: 63%

Section: Multivariate Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Martian Analogues Library (MAL) Applicable for Tianwen-1 MarSCoDe-LIBS Data Interpretation

Liu

et al. 2022

Remote Sensing

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“…Viscosity Error analysis. In order to provide some measure of the error of these viscosity derivations, we use the error estimate from Anderson et al (2022). The average Root Mean Squared Error of Prediction (RMSEP) from their Table 5 is 1.85 wt %.…”

Section: Viscosity Results and Lava Lake Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…SuperCam VISIR is an optical spectrometer that covers the 0.4-0.85 and 1.3-2.6 µm wavelength ranges, providing reflectance spectra boresighted with LIBS and RMI instruments (Fouchet et al, 2022). SuperCam VISIR measurements are reported in two accompanying papers in this special collection (Royer, 2022;Mandon, 2022).…”

Section: Supercam Visir Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of the Nili Fossae Olivine-clay-carbonate lithology: orbital and in situ at Séítah

Brown¹,

Kah²,

Mandon³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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 We use a Venn diagram approach to show the Nili Fossae olivine lithology is better named olivine-clay-carbonate  We postulate a flood lava origin for the olivine-clay-carbonate lithology at Séítah based on finding olivine cumulate and low viscosity lava  We find the clay in the cumulate olivine at Séítah is either talc or serpentine and eliminate other clay families Plain Language SummaryWe used orbital and in situ data to observe a lava flow near the Mars 2020 landing site at Jezero Crater. By analyzing the reflectance spectra of the rocks containing the lava, we have identified that clay is present in the rocks. We use in situ imaging data to determine that the lava contains close packed crystals (cumulate), a process which can happen in the bottom of a lake of lava. We use measurements from the SuperCam LIBS instrument to determine that the cumulate is accompanied by clays and eliminate families of clays to conclude it is either talc or serpentine.

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Application of chemometrics on Raman spectra from Mars: Recent advances and future perspectives

Veneranda

Manrique

Sanz-Arranz

et al. 2022

Journal of Chemometrics

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The SuperCam and SHERLOC instruments onboard the NASA/Perseverance rover are returning the first Raman spectra to be ever collected from another planet. Similarly, the RLS instrument onboard the ESA/Rosalind Franklin rover will collect Raman spectra from powdered rocks sampled from the subsurface of Mars. To optimize the scientific exploitation of Raman spectra returned from planetary exploration missions, tailored chemometric tools are being developed that take into account the analytical capability of the mentioned Raman spectrometers. In this framework, the ERICA research group is using laboratory simulators of SuperCam and RLS to perform representative laboratory studies that will enhance the scientific outcome of both Mars2020 and ExoMars missions. On one hand, preliminary studies proved the chemometric analysis of RLS datasets could be used to obtain a reliable semi-quantitative estimation of the main mineral phases composing Martian geological samples. On the other hand, it was proved the data fusion of Raman and LIBS spectra gathered by SuperCam could be used to enhance the discrimination of mineral phases from remote geological targets. Besides describing the models developed by the ERICA group, this work presents an overview of the complementary chemometric approaches so far tested in this field of study and propose further improvements to be addressed in the future.

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Post-landing major element quantification using SuperCam laser induced breakdown spectroscopy

Cited by 55 publications

References 80 publications

A Martian Analogues Library (MAL) Applicable for Tianwen-1 MarSCoDe-LIBS Data Interpretation

A Martian Analogues Library (MAL) Applicable for Tianwen-1 MarSCoDe-LIBS Data Interpretation

Properties of the Nili Fossae Olivine-clay-carbonate lithology: orbital and in situ at Séítah

Application of chemometrics on Raman spectra from Mars: Recent advances and future perspectives

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