Possible Hypocholesterolemic Effect of Ginger and Rosemary Oils in Rats

Eissa, Fatma A.; Choudhry, Hani; Abdulaal, Wesam H.; Baothman, Othman A.; Zeyadi, Mustafa; Moselhy, Said S; Zamzami, Mazin A.

doi:10.21010/ajtcam.v14i4.22

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…GR extracts have also been effective in regenerating parenchyma cells, protecting against membrane fluidity and fragility, and promoting rapid normalization [69]. Our results of lower AST, ALT, and ALP activities in improving cellular health and minimizing leakage from hepatocytes upon administration of GR oil nanoemulsomes are also in accordance with previous studies [70]. Two grams of GR powder, when administered for about 12 weeks, led to significantly reduced serum levels of ALT in NAFLD patients [71].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Liver sections treated with GL and GR oil LTN-loaded nanoemulsomes (groups D and E) showed substantially improved histological features with preserved cytoplasmic material and demonstrated no existence of fat-filled large or small vesicles. Nuclei in these sections (Figure 5D,E) look active and larger (vesicular) with a normal appearance of blood sinusoids, which describes the restorative effects of LTN on hepatocytes in synergy with GR and GL oils [70].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatoprotective and Renoprotective Properties of Lovastatin-Loaded Ginger and Garlic Oil Nanoemulsomes: Insights into Serum Biological Parameters

et al. 2019

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Background and Objectives: Dyslipidemia is gaining much attention among healthcare professionals because of its high association with the malfunctioning of a number of normal physiological and metabolic processes in the body. Obesity is directly interconnected with dyslipidemia and is said to be a denouement of hyperlipidemia and, if left untreated, may lead to intense damage to organs that are directly involved in fat metabolism. The objective of this study was to investigate the synergistic antiobesity and anti-hyperlipidemic activities along with hepato- and renoprotective potential of nanoemulsomes (NES) of lovastatin (LTN)-loaded ginger (GR) and garlic (GL) oils. Materials and Methods: LTN nanoemulsomes co-encapsulated with GR oil and GL oil were prepared by a thin hydration technique. Eight-week-old male Wistar rats weighing 200–250 g were induced with hyperlipidemia via a high-fat diet (HFD) comprising 40% beef tallow. Body weight, serum biochemical lipid parameters, and those for liver and kidney functions, serum TC, LDL-C, vLDL-C, HDL-C, TG, atherogenic index (AI), ALT, AFT, ALP, γ-GT, total protein (TP), serum albumin and globulin ratio (A/G), serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and blood urea, and histopathology of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained liver and kidney sections of all aforementioned groups were examined in the treated animals. Results: Nanoemulsomes of LTN-loaded GR and GL oils provided synergistic effects with LTN, exerted better ameliorative actions in reducing serum TC, LDL-C, vLDL-C, triglycerides, and AI, and improved serum HDL-C levels. Serum ALT, AST, ALP, and γ-GT levels were in the normal range for nanoemulsome groups. H&E stained liver and kidney sections of these animals confirmed better hepatoprotective and renoprotective effects than LTN alone. Serum biochemical parameters for renal functions also claimed to be in the moderate range for nanoemulsome-treated groups. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that nanoemulsomes of LTN-loaded GR and GL oils synergistically provided better antihyperlipidemic, hepatoprotective, and renoprotective effects as compared to LTN alone.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatoprotective and Renoprotective Properties of Lovastatin-Loaded Ginger and Garlic Oil Nanoemulsomes: Insights into Serum Biological Parameters

et al. 2019

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“…When given an intraperitoneal treatment of 2.5 mg/kg/day of rosemary EO, results showed a preserved normal structure of the liver and reduced TC, as well as an 88% increase in HDL. In these same HFD rats, treatment with 2.5 mg/kg/day orally of both rosemary and ginger EO reduced total serum cholesterol by nearly 20% (Eissa et al, 2017). It should be noted that this compound has epileptogenic properties, and thus is not a good candidate for human trials (Bahr et al, 2019).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cholesterol‐lowering activity of natural mono‐ and sesquiterpenoid compounds in essential oils: A review and investigation of mechanisms using in silico protein–ligand docking

Bahr¹,

Butler²,

Rock³

et al. 2021

Phytotherapy Research

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Mono‐ and sesquiterpenoids are the main chemical constituents of essential oils. Essential oils and their constituents have received increasing attention for lipid‐lowering properties in both cell and animal models. Despite the chemical diversity of essential oil compounds, the effects of many of these compounds on cholesterol metabolism are highly similar. In this report, we review the literature regarding the effects of essential oils and their terpenoid constituents on cholesterol homeostasis, and explore likely mechanisms using protein–ligand docking. We identified 98 experimental and seven clinical studies on essential oils, isolated compounds, and blends; 100 of these described improvements either in blood cholesterol levels or in sterol metabolic pathways. Our review and docking analysis confirmed two likely mechanisms common to many essential oil compounds: (1) direct agonism of peroxisome‐proliferator‐activated receptors, and (2) direct interaction with sterol‐sensing domains, motifs found in key sterol regulatory proteins including sterol regulatory element binding protein cleavage activating protein and HMG‐CoA reductase. Notably, these direct interactions lead to decreased transcription and accelerated degradation of HMG‐CoA reductase. Our work suggests that terpene derivatives in essential oils have cholesterol‐lowering activity and could potentially work synergistically with statins, however, further high quality studies are needed to establish their clinical efficacy.

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“…Other reported investigations are consistent with our results. Also, treatment rosemary oil in rats fed high fat diet modulated the elevation of lipids parameters [66].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Pathogenic Effects of Ethion Residues and the Expected Protective Role of the Ethanolic Extract of Rosemary (Rosmarinus Officinalis L.) Leaves in Male Rats

Abdel‐Gawad¹,

Soliman

Taha³

et al. 2021

Egypt. J. Chem.

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Organophosphate insecticides (OPI) poisoning remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the third world countries. The continuous use of these pesticides tends to leave residues of these pesticides in agricultural crops, which in turn may harm people. The present study aimed to investigate the pathogenic effects of the "ethion" residues and the expected protective role of the ethanolic extract of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) (EER), in adult male rats. Feeding animals with Maize containing ethion residues (4 mg/Kg) caused elevation in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities (P<0.01, P<0.001 and P<0.01), respectively. Whereas total protein (T.P) and albumin (ALB) were significantly decreased (P<0.01 and P<0.05), respectively. As well as, an elevation in serum creatinine and urea levels (P<0.01). Also, a significant (P<0.01) increase in cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein (LDL) and a significant (P<0.001) decrease in high density lipoprotein (HDL) content as compared to the control were obtained. In addition a decrease in plasma acetyl cholinesterase (P<0.01). Decrease in glutathione (GSH) ( P<0.01 ) , Superoxide dismutase (SOD), ( P<0.05 ), catalase (CAT) P ( P<0.01 ) and an increase in Malondialdehyde (MDA) ( P<0.01 ) were observed in liver , kidney and brain tissues, respectively as compared with controls. Supplementation with ethanolic extract of rosemary leaves (EER), effectively relieved most of the ethion-induced alterations. The histological investigation strongly confirmed the highly protective effect of the EER in the tissues of selected organs. These findings suggest that rosemary is effective in improving both the function and structure of the examined organs through their potent antioxidant effect.

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Possible Hypocholesterolemic Effect of Ginger and Rosemary Oils in Rats

Cited by 15 publications

References 14 publications

Hepatoprotective and Renoprotective Properties of Lovastatin-Loaded Ginger and Garlic Oil Nanoemulsomes: Insights into Serum Biological Parameters

Hepatoprotective and Renoprotective Properties of Lovastatin-Loaded Ginger and Garlic Oil Nanoemulsomes: Insights into Serum Biological Parameters

Cholesterol‐lowering activity of natural mono‐ and sesquiterpenoid compounds in essential oils: A review and investigation of mechanisms using in silico protein–ligand docking

Pathogenic Effects of Ethion Residues and the Expected Protective Role of the Ethanolic Extract of Rosemary (Rosmarinus Officinalis L.) Leaves in Male Rats

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