Positive expectancies mediate the association between sensation seeking and marijuana outcomes in at‐risk young adults: A test of the acquired preparedness model

Curry, Inga; Trim, Ryan S.; Brown, Sandra A.; Hopfer, Christian J.; Stallings, Michael C.; Wall, Tamara L.

doi:10.1111/ajad.12754

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Consistent with this explanation, indirect effects were not supported at low levels of perceived peer cannabis approval/use, suggesting a more neutral cannabis environment may not sufficiently activate implicit associations. These results also correspond with prior acquired preparedness model work with explicit expectancies (Curry et al, 2018;Hayaki et al, 2011), demonstrating that elevated behavioral inhibition predisposes emerging adults to form negative perceptions of cannabis which is then protective against use in a pro-cannabis social context. A high behavioral inhibition system was only distally related to cannabis use (i.e., no direct effect) and operated through implicit associations.…”

Section: Behavioral Inhibition Predicting Cannabis Use Through Implic...supporting

confidence: 74%

Contextualizing Cannabis Implicit Associations: Consideration of Peers and Personality

Ramer

Colder

2021

Emerging Adulthood

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Objective: Implicit cannabis associations (ICAs) inconsistently predict cannabis use (CU), and little is known about their formation. Personality, behavioral approach and inhibition, were tested as predictors of ICAs, which in turn, was expected to predict CU (mediation). Peer context was tested as a moderator. Method: Data were taken from three annual assessments of a larger longitudinal study. The community sample (314 emerging adults, mean age = 19.13, 54% female, 76% White/non-Hispanic at the first assessment) completed an ICA task and questionnaire assessments of CU, personality, and peer norms. Results: ICAs were positively associated with CU at high but not low levels of perceived peer approval/use. Behavioral inhibition was negatively associated ICAs, which in turn, predicted infrequent CU at high levels of peer approval/use (moderated mediation). Behavioral approach was marginally associated with ICAs. Conclusions: Peer context and personality are important for understanding the formation of ICAs and their association with CU.

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Section: Behavioral Inhibition Predicting Cannabis Use Through Implic...supporting

confidence: 74%

Contextualizing Cannabis Implicit Associations: Consideration of Peers and Personality

Ramer

Colder

2021

Emerging Adulthood

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“…Three studies tested the AP model of adult cannabis use, each finding a slightly different pattern of support for AP (Curry et al, 2018; Hayaki et al, 2011; Luba et al, 2018). The findings included a variety of evidence for extraversion and neuroticism predicting cannabis use and dependence through positive, negative, and refusal self‐efficacy expectancies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathways of personality and learning risk for addictive behaviors: A systematic review of mediational research on the acquired preparedness model

Halvorson

Lengua

Smith

et al. 2022

Journal of Personality

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Objective The Acquired Preparedness (AP) model proposes that impulsive personality traits predispose some individuals to learn certain behavior‐outcome associations (expectancies), and that these expectancies in turn influence the escalation of risky behaviors. This theory has been applied to the development of behaviors such as drinking, drug use, gambling, and disordered eating. In the current study, we aimed to summarize empirical tests of this model over the 20 years since it was proposed. Method We used a descriptive approach to summarize tests of mediation across 50 studies involving n = 21,715 total participants. Results We observed a consistent effect of personality on expectancies (median effect size = .22), of expectancies on behavior (.24), and a small mediated effect (.05) of personality on behavior via expectancies. Impulsive traits that involve positive or negative affect showed the most consistent support for AP, as did positive expectancies. Most studies testing AP focused on alcohol, but research on other behaviors also showed support for AP. Conclusions The literature appears to support a small mediated effect consistent with the AP model. Future research should continue to clarify which AP pathways are most influential in explaining risky behaviors, and supplement correlational research with experimental and quasi‐experimental designs.

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“…Precisamente, las personas con rasgos de personalidad de riesgo (por ejemplo, rasgos impulsivos) exhiben cierta predisposición para adquirir creencias y expectativas relacionadas con el uso de sustancias que, a su vez, influyen en los comportamientos de consumo (10,11). Diversos estudios han aportado evidencia que apoya el mpa en relación con conductas sexuales y alimentarias de riesgo y el consumo de sustancias como alcohol, tabaco y marihuana (12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Evaluación del Modelo de Predisposición Adquirida para consumo de alcohol en adolescentes

et al. 2022

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Introducción: durante la adolescencia se observan altas tasas de consumo elevado de alcohol. El Modelo de Predisposición Adquirida (MPA) postula que la confluencia de factores de personalidad (como la impulsividad) y factores psicosociales (como las expectativas hacia el alcohol [EA]) predice el consumo de sustancias. Algunos resultados previos respaldan el MPA para explicar el uso de alcohol en adolescentes argentinos; sin embargo, no queda claro el modo en que distintas dimensiones de impulsividad se asocian con el uso de alcohol en esta etapa del desarrollo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue examinar, en una muestra de adolescentes argentinos, el rol mediador de las EA en la relación entre cinco dimensiones de impulsividad rasgo, medidas con la escala UPPS-P y la frecuencia de Consumo Episódico Elevado de Alcohol (CEEA). Materiales y métodos: participaron 427 adolescentes de 13 a 18 años (58 % mujeres; M edad = 15.72, de = 1.48), escolarizados en el nivel medio (91.1 % en gestión privada). Resultados: apoyando el MPA, la tendencia a actuar precipitadamente bajo estados emocionales intensos (tanto positivos como negativos) se asoció a una mayor frecuencia de CEEA vía una mayor anticipación de efectos positivos del consumo de alcohol. Urgencia positiva tuvo, además, un efecto directo sobre la frecuencia de CEEA. Conclusiones: esta información puede ser de utilidad para el desarrollo de intervenciones destinadas a disminuir el desarrollo o mantenimiento de EA positivas y, de esta manera, reducir el consumo de alcohol en los adolescentes.

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Positive expectancies mediate the association between sensation seeking and marijuana outcomes in at‐risk young adults: A test of the acquired preparedness model

Cited by 9 publications

References 43 publications

Contextualizing Cannabis Implicit Associations: Consideration of Peers and Personality

Contextualizing Cannabis Implicit Associations: Consideration of Peers and Personality

Pathways of personality and learning risk for addictive behaviors: A systematic review of mediational research on the acquired preparedness model

Evaluación del Modelo de Predisposición Adquirida para consumo de alcohol en adolescentes

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