Position statement on physical activity and exercise intensity terminology

Norton, Kevin; Norton, Lynda; Sadgrove, Daryl

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2009.09.008

Cited by 544 publications

(459 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Running intensities were extrapolated using D-max graph and cycling intensities using 20 minutes TT test as published by Allen and Coggan. 23 All intensities were corroborated using exercise intensity categories (subjective and objective measures) Norton et al 24 Besides the 2 HIIT sessions every week, another seven (3 swim, 1 or 2 run and 1 or 2 cycle) training sessions in each group were aerobic extensive, lower than 70% of MHR and LITz (<2 mM), identical intensity than control weeks. During HIIT training weeks, all subjects performed ~12 h swimming (25.95 …”

Section: Training Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 4 Weeks High-Intensity Training on Running and Cycling Performance in Well-Trained Triathletes

Mallol¹,

Mejuto²,

Norton³

et al. 2017

Sport Exerc Med Open J

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Introduction: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of a 4 week high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program on running and cycling performance. HIIT is a training method which can be used to improve physical fitness in less time, and reduced training volume, than traditional endurance training. HIIT allows athletes to accumulate time at higher training intensities, which is difficult to achieve when training in a continuous method. Methods: Twelve well-trained triathletes completed 4 traditional training weeks as a control period. They were then randomly assigned to a bike or run HIIT program completing 2 HIIT sessions each week. A 20-minute cycling time trial and maximal aerobic power test on the treadmill were measured before and after the HIIT program. Results: Both bike and run HIIT group achieved an increase of 6.7 and 2.1% in velocity at 2 mM and a decrease of 6.4 and 8.4% in the HR variable at 2 mM, respectively. Velocity peak decreased 1.9% in the run HIIT group and 1.8% for HR at 4 mM. Velocity peak decreased ~2% in the bike group and maintained HR maximum while there was a small reduction in the run group. For cycle time trial, the bike HIIT group demonstrated a significant improvement in average velocity (8.8%), whereas, velocity was slightly lower in the run training group (-3.5%). Conclusion: A 4-week bike HIIT program improved running performance in moderate to welltrained triathletes. However, in our study, the cycle performance was not enhanced by a 4-week HIIT running program, this may be due to the accumulated fatigue for the run group subjects.

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Section: Training Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 4 Weeks High-Intensity Training on Running and Cycling Performance in Well-Trained Triathletes

Mallol¹,

Mejuto²,

Norton³

et al. 2017

Sport Exerc Med Open J

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“…walking), and vigorous (≥6.0 MET, e.g. running) in order to categorize energy expenditure (Norton, Norton, Sadgrove, 2010). For primary prevention, there is limited evidence from observational studies that physical activity protects against LC risk according to a 5-degree scale of the Second Panel judgments (WCR/AICR, 2007) ("convincing, probable, limited suggestive, limited -not conclusion, substantial effect on risk unlikely").…”

Section: Physical Activity and Lung Cancer Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Associations of Selected Lifestyle Patterns and Lung Cancer Risk: An Evidence-based Update

Aboul‐Enein

Kruk

2016

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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Abstract. Diagnosis of lung cancer (LC) has been fraught with difficulty and by the time of definitive diagnosis, most patients are in later stages of the disease. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that lifestyle behaviors play an etiological role in LC risk; however data in the literature on this topic often appears inconclusive or require further study. Understanding of the mechanisms operating between lifestyle patterns and their impact on LC is important for the disease's prevention and treatment. The purpose of this study was to review the current evidence on the role of diet, body mass index (BMI), physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and sex hormone use in LC development based on meta-analyses, systematic reviews and previously published epidemiologic studies. Regarded as the foremost cause of LC, evidence from studies have indicated that tobacco smoking causes LC. Additionally, exposure to outdoor air pollution and/or occupational-related exposures increase LC risk. Further, frequent consumption of red meat, processed meat increases adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Inverse associations between the disease risk and BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 , higher level of physical activity, and fruit and vegetable consumption with a high frequency were reported. Future studies are warranted to validate the association between histologic subtypes of LC and lifestyle patterns.

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“…1.4 in UK) (FAO/WHO/UNU, 2004;WCRF/AICR, 2007). Using MET-scores, the intensity of physical activity is often stratified into four levels (Norton et al, 2010): i) Sedentary (MET score 1.0-<1.6) (or inactivity) involves sitting or lying and no noticeable effort: heart and breathing are not raised perceptibly above resting level (requires <40% maximum heart rate). ii) Light (MET score 1.6-<3.0) -physical activity has only minor effects on breathing and heart rate, requires from 40 to <55% maximum heart rate, and its intensity may last for at least 60 minutes.…”

Section: Types and Determinants Of Physical Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%