Porous scaffold design for tissue engineering

Hollister, Scott J.

doi:10.1038/nmat1421

Cited by 3,392 publications

(2,357 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Present tissue engineering approaches are focused on the development of porous scaffolds made of different biomaterials with the aim of replacing and restoring the pathologically altered tissues by transplantation of the cells [9,10]. Such scaffolds for engineering of hard tissues need suitable mechanical integrity [11].…”

Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous magnesium-based scaffolds for tissue engineering

Yazdimamaghani

Razavi

Vashaee

et al. 2017

Materials Science and Engineering: C

223

110

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Section: Accepted M Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous magnesium-based scaffolds for tissue engineering

Yazdimamaghani

Razavi

Vashaee

et al. 2017

Materials Science and Engineering: C

223

110

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“…These processes have been optimised over a number of decades resulting in implants that can withstand long-term cyclic loading. In recent years, the use of additive manufacturing (AM) techniques in medicine has gained much attention [17], [18], [19], [20] and [21]. Generally, AM techniques use a layer-by-layer approach to build parts from computer aided design (CAD) models.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adding functionality with additive manufacturing: Fabrication of titanium-based antibiotic eluting implants

Cox

Jamshidi

Eisenstein

et al. 2016

Materials Science and Engineering: C

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Additive manufacturing technologies have been utilised in healthcare to create patient-specific implants. This study demonstrates the potential to add new implant functionality by further exploiting the design flexibility of these technologies. Selective laser melting was used to manufacture titanium-based (Ti-6Al-4V) implants containing a reservoir. Pore channels, connecting the implant surface to the reservoir, were incorporated to facilitate antibiotic delivery. An injectable brushite, calciumphosphate cement, was formulated as a carrier vehicle for gentamicin. Incorporation of the antibiotic significantly (p=0.01) improved the compressive strength (5.8± 0.7 MPa) of the cement compared to non-antibiotic samples. The controlled release of gentamicin sulphate from the calcium phosphate cement injected into the implant reservoir was demonstrated in short term elution studies using ultraviolet visible spectroscopy. Orientation of the implant pore channels were shown, using micro-computed tomography, to impact design reproducibility and the back-pressure generated during cement injection which ultimately altered porosity. The amount of antibiotic released from all implant designs over a 6 hour period (b28% of the total amount) were found to exceed the minimum inhibitory concentrations of Staphylococcus aureus (16 μg/mL) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (1 μg/mL); two bacterial species commonly associated with periprosthetic infections. Antibacterial efficacy was confirmed against both bacterial cultures using an agar diffusion assay. Interestingly, pore channel orientation was shown to influence the directionality of inhibition zones. Promisingly, this work demonstrates the potential to additively manufacture a titanium-based antibiotic eluting implant, which is an attractive alternative to current treatment strategies of periprosthetic infections.

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“…One of the most guaranteed ways to ensure that the design of the scaffold will fit the needs and anatomical design of the affected area is to use clinical imaging data that will define the shape of the anatomical structure in combination with a global and local image database that consists of many different templates for the scaffold design [62,63]. Within the database is different structures for each porous scaffold design, varying from the nanometer to the centimeter scale [64,65]. The patient-specific images are taken from either a CT or MR image of the individual and the local image design is then determined.…”

Section: Scaffoldsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cartilage and facial muscle tissue engineering and regeneration: a mini review

et al. 2018

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Cartilage and facial muscle tissue provide basic yet vital functions for homeostasis throughout the body, making human survival and function highly dependent upon these somatic components. When cartilage and facial muscle tissues are harmed or completely destroyed due to disease, trauma, or any other degenerative process, homeostasis and basic body functions consequently become negatively affected. Although most cartilage and cells can regenerate themselves after any form of the aforementioned degenerative disease or trauma, the highly specific characteristics of facial muscles and the specific structures of the cells and tissues required for the proper function cannot be exactly replicated by the body itself. Thus, some form of cartilage and bone tissue engineering is necessary for proper regeneration and function. The use of progenitor cells for this purpose would be very beneficial due to their highly adaptable capabilities, as well as their ability to utilize a high diffusion rate, making them ideal for the specific nature and functions of cartilage and facial muscle tissue. Going along with this, once the progenitor cells are obtained, applying them to a scaffold within the oral cavity in the affected location allows them to adapt to the environment and create cartilage or facial muscle tissue that is specific to the form and function of the area. The principal function of the cartilage and tissue is vascularization, which requires a specific form that allows them to aid the proper flow of bodily functions related to the oral cavity such as oxygen flow and removal of waste. Facial muscle is also very thin, making its reproduction much more possible. Taking all these into consideration, this review aims to highlight and expand upon the primary benefits of the cartilage and facial muscle tissue engineering and regeneration, focusing on how these processes are performed outside of and within the body.

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Porous scaffold design for tissue engineering

Cited by 3,392 publications

References 64 publications

Porous magnesium-based scaffolds for tissue engineering

Porous magnesium-based scaffolds for tissue engineering

Adding functionality with additive manufacturing: Fabrication of titanium-based antibiotic eluting implants

Cartilage and facial muscle tissue engineering and regeneration: a mini review

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