Population-Based HIV Prevalence and Associated Factors in Male-to-Female Transsexuals from Southern Brazil

Costa, Ângelo Brandelli; Fontanari, Anna Martha Vaitses; Jacinto, Michelle Moraes; Silva, Dhiordan Cardoso da; Lorencetti, Emilaine Karine; Filho, Heitor Tomé da Rosa; Mueller, Andressa; Garćıa, Claudia; Nardi, Henrique Caetano; Koller, Sílvia Helena; Lobato, Maria Inês Rodrigues

doi:10.1007/s10508-014-0386-z

Cited by 53 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Other studies of transwomen in Brazil and elsewhere may have provided less accurate estimates of HIV due to convenience sampling approaches and self-reported data for HIV endpoints. 4,5 Moreover, our study also provided a unique opportunity to understand factors associated with new HIV infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Unveiling of HIV dynamics among transgender women: a respondent-driven sampling study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

et al. 2017

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Background The burden of HIV in transgender women (transwomen) in Brazil remains unknown. We aimed to estimate HIV prevalence among transwomen, and identify the factors associated with newly diagnosed HIV infections. Methods “Transcender” was a respondent driven sampling study of transwomen in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, conducted from August 2015 to January 2016. Twelve seeds were recruited from social movements and formative phase. Eligibility criteria were: self-identification as transwomen, being 18 years of age or older, living in Rio de Janeiro or metropolitan area, and having a valid peer recruitment coupon. Participants were categorized as HIV-negative, known HIV infected, or newly diagnosed as HIV infected. Predictors of newly diagnosed HIV infections were assessed by comparing the newly diagnosed with the HIV-negative. Population estimates were adjusted using the RDSII estimator. Findings In total, 345 eligible transwomen were enrolled. The study sample was young and diverse on gender identity. Population estimates of no prior HIV testing, HIV-infection and newly diagnosed as HIV-infected were 29·1%, 32·1% and 7·0%, respectively (based on n=60 with no prior testing, n=141 HIV-infected, n=40 newly diagnosed). Syphilis, rectal chlamydia and gonorrhea infection were diagnosed in 28·9%, 14·6%, and 13·5%, respectively. Newly diagnosed HIV infections were associated with black race (22·8; 95%CI 2·9–178·9), travesti (34·1; 95%CI 5·8–200·2) or transsexual woman (41·3; 95%CI 6·3–271·2) gender identity, history of sex work (30·7; 95%CI 3·5–267·3), and history of sniffing cocaine (4·4; 95%CI 1·4–14·1). Interpretation Our results suggest that transwomen bear the largest burden of HIV among any population at risk in Brazil. The high proportion of HIV diagnosis among young participants points to the need for tailored long-term health care and prevention services in order to curb the HIV epidemic and improve the quality-of-life of transwomen in Brazil. Funding This work was supported by Brazilian Research Council (470056/2014-2) and NIAID-NIH (UM1AI069496).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…3 A cross-sectional study of 284 transwomen seeking sex reassignment surgery in southern Brazil (1997–2014) found 25% living with HIV. 4 One Brazilian study of travestis conducted in 2008 found that 12% self-reported having HIV. 5 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling of HIV dynamics among transgender women: a respondent-driven sampling study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

et al. 2017

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“…Male to female transsexuals aged 15 to 26 seeking sex reassignment surgery between 1998 and 2014 in from Porto Alegre, RS had an HIV prevalence of 14.8% [57]. In 1999, in Rio Branco, AC, a northern city in the Amazonian region with many indigenous citizens, no 12-21 year old attending an immunization campaign tested positive for HIV [58].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A scoping review of prevalence, incidence and risk factors for HIV infection amongst young people in Brazil

2017

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BackgroundDespite young people being a key population for HIV prevention, the HIV epidemic amongst young Brazilians is perceived to be growing. We therefore reviewed all published literature on HIV prevalence and risk factors for HIV infection amongst 10-25 year olds in Brazil.MethodsWe searched Embase, LILACS, Proquest, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science for studies published up to March 2017 and analyzed reference lists of relevant studies. We included published studies from any time in the HIV epidemic which provided estimates specific to ages 10-25 (or some subset of this age range) for Brazilians on either: (a) HIV prevalence or incidence; or (b) the association between HIV and socio-demographic or behavioral risk factors.ResultsForty eight publications met the inclusion criteria: 44 cross-sectional, two case-control, two cohort. Four studies analysed national data. Forty seven studies provided HIV prevalence estimates, largely for six population subgroups: Counselling and Testing Center attendees; blood donors; pregnant women; institutional individuals; men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM) and female sex workers (FSW); four provided HIV incidence estimates. Twelve studies showed HIV status to be associated with a wide range of risk factors, including age, sexual and reproductive history, infection history, substance use, geography, marital status, mental health and socioeconomic status.ConclusionsFew published studies have examined HIV amongst young people in Brazil, and those published have been largely cross-sectional and focused on traditional risk groups and the south of the country. Despite these limitations, the literature shows raised HIV prevalence amongst MSM and FSW, as well as amongst those using drugs. Time trends are harder to identify, although rates appear to be falling for pregnant women, possibly reversing an earlier de-masculinization of the epidemic. Improved surveillance of HIV incidence, prevalence and risk factors is a key component of efforts to eliminate HIV in Brazil.

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“…Por ejemplo, en el periodo 2009-2010 se identificó una prevalencia de esta enfermedad de 10.5 % en hombres que tenían sexo con hombres (HSH), 5.9 % en usuarios de drogas y 4.9 % en profesionales del sexo (1). Estudios recientes desarrollados en Porto Alegre muestran una prevalencia de 25 % entre transexuales (7). Estudios anteriores muestran que estas poblaciones tienen dificultad para acceder a los servicios de salud (8,9).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Impacto de la implementación de la prueba rápida del VIH/ITS en un centro de atención especializada en Brasil

Rocha

Carvalho

Almeida-Weber

et al. 2017

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Objetivo: evaluar el impacto de la implementación de la consejería y prueba rápida del VIH e infecciones de transmisión sexual en un centro especializado de consejería y diagnóstico de VIH (CE). Método: estudio analítico con un grupo de intervención y un grupo control en el cual fueron comparadas las medias mensuales de las pruebas y consejerías realizadas entre un centro especializado que implementó la prueba rápida de VIH para todos los pacientes (CE caso) y otro centro especializado que utiliza la modalidad tradicional de la prueba (diagnóstico en treinta días) (CE control). Resultados: el CE (caso) tuvo un aumento significativo en el número de pruebas realizadas entre los dos periodos. En el CE (caso) hubo una disminución en la proporción de personas de la población general que se hicieron la prueba y un aumento en las personas más vulnerables al VIH. Conclusiones: la implementación de la prueba rápida tuvo un impacto positivo en el número de pruebas realizadas y también en el acceso a las personas en situación de vulnerabilidad.

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Population-Based HIV Prevalence and Associated Factors in Male-to-Female Transsexuals from Southern Brazil

Cited by 53 publications

References 10 publications

Unveiling of HIV dynamics among transgender women: a respondent-driven sampling study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Unveiling of HIV dynamics among transgender women: a respondent-driven sampling study in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

A scoping review of prevalence, incidence and risk factors for HIV infection amongst young people in Brazil

Impacto de la implementación de la prueba rápida del VIH/ITS en un centro de atención especializada en Brasil

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