Polysaccharide-Based Materials Associated with or Coordinated to Gold Nanoparticles: Synthesis and Medical Application

Abstract

This manuscript discusses the most relevant aspects and state-of-art concepts surrounding the synthesis of AuNPs based on green chemistry and their association with polysaccharides that can efficiently function both as stabilizing and reducing agents of Au nanoparticles. Even more, polysaccharide devices may inhibit non-specific interactions between AuNPs and biological macromolecules, suppressing unsuitable "protein corona" formations on AuNP surfaces, thereby increasing the potential of AuNP composites of being employing as drug delivery matrices and wound-healing devices as well as in photothermal/ imaging purposes for cancer treatments and biosensors.

Progress in research on gold nanoparticles in cancer management

“…Hauck et al found that changing the surface charge of AuNPs by electrolyte coatings can control the phagocytosis of AuNPs by mammalian cells. [32] Although many studies have shown that the cytotoxicity of the positively charged AuNPs is greater than that of the electrically neutral and negatively charged AuNPs, the relationship between the surface charge and biocompatibility remains unclear. [33] Pillai et al found that positively charged AuNPs are easily phagocytosed by cells and have high cytotoxicity, indicating that the amount of phagocytosis of AuNPs by cells depends on the net charge (Q net )of AuNPs.…”

Toxicity of Gold Nanoparticles in Mice due to Nanoparticle/Drug Interaction Induces Acute Kidney Damage

“…Gold (Au) has a low ionization tendency and high stability and has been used as a precious metal for decorative purposes since antiquity. Recently developed gold nanoparticles are widely used in medical and engineering applications due to their characteristic optical properties [10,11], and their excellent optoelectronic properties have resulted in their use in organic solar cells, sensor probes, and conductive materials [12,13]. Gold nanoparticles are used in the chemical industry as catalysts for acrylic resin synthesis.…”

Chitosan Imparts Better Biological Properties for Poly(ε-caprolactone) Electrospun Membranes than Dexamethasone

“…Chitosan is a linear polysaccharide, composed of randomly distributed β(1→4)-D-glucosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine units. [8][9][10] Chitosan is an attractive candidate for forming blends with poly(ε-caprolactone), aiming production of poly(ε-caprolactone)-chitosan nanofibers. Poly(ε-caprolactone)-chitosan blends have been prepared in several solvent mixtures, such as acetic acid / formic acid, 11 formic acid / acetone, 12 acetic acid / water, 2 trifluoroacetic acid / 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, 13 and others.…”