Polyphosphazene-derived heteroatoms-doped carbon materials for supercapacitor electrodes

Liu, Wei; Zhang, Shuangkun; Dar, Sami Ullah; Zhao, Yi; Zhang, Xinfang; Shao, Jianda; Wu, Dezhen

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2017.12.016

Cited by 76 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Figure 6d exhibits the energy density (E, W·h·kg −1 ) as a function of power density (P, W·kg −1 ) for all samples. Energy density and power density of the supercapacitor can be calculated from the following equations [28,47,48]:Cs = 2(I ∆t)/(m ∆V)E = 0.5 Cs (∆V) 2 P = 3600E/∆t where, Cs, I, ∆t, m, and ∆V represent the specific capacitance (F·g −1 ) of the supercapacitor, the discharge current (A), the discharge time (s), the mass of activated materials for a single electrode, and the voltage (V) after an IR drop, respectively. ACF-10.3% PDPP is shown to have the highest energy density at each power density.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The solvent DMF was purchased from DuPont Co. and used after distillation. Poly(diaryloxyphosphazene) (PDPP) was prepared in our lab, and the process of preparation was introduced in our previous reports [28]. Varied PAA/PDPP mixed solutions in DMF were then obtained by adjusting the mass fraction of PDPP, and the mass fraction of PDPP was 3.9 wt %, 6.4 wt %, 10.3 wt % and 12.9 wt % respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polyimide (PI) as a carbon precursor has been widely used to fabricate nitrogen and oxygen-enriched carbon nanofiber networks for flexible electrode materials due to its relatively high carbon yield and high nitrogen content [27]. Recently, Liu et al [28] explored poly(diaryloxyphosphazene) (PDPP) as a carbon precursor enriched with nitrogen, phosphorous and oxygen heteroatoms and also proposed a type of in-situ heteroatoms-doping method for preparing porous carbon materials. PI and PDPP are both excellent carbon precursors with enriched nitrogen, phosphorous and oxygen heteroatoms and can be combined simply through an electrospinning technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Free-Standing and Heteroatoms-Doped Carbon Nanofiber Networks as a Binder-Free Flexible Electrode for High-Performance Supercapacitors

et al. 2019

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Flexible and heteroatoms-doped (N, O and P) activated carbon nanofiber networks (ACFNs) have been successfully prepared with a mixture of polyamic acid (PAA) and poly(diaryloxyphosphazene) (PDPP) as a solution through electrospinning, followed by a heat post-treatment. The resultant heteroatoms-doped ACFNs can be used as binder-free electrodes for high-performance flexible supercapacitors (SCs) due to lightweight, three-dimensional open-pore structure and good mechanical strength. Despite its surface area being lower than 130.6 m2·g−1, the heteroatoms-doped ACFNs exhibited a high heteroatoms (N, O and P) content of 17.9%, resulting in a highly specific capacitance of 182 F·g−1 at a current density of 1 A·g−1 in 6 M KOH electrolyte in a two-electrode cell and an excellent rate capability of 74.7% of its initial capacitance from 1 A·g−1 to 10 A·g−1 under the mass loading of 1.5 mg·cm−2. The electrical double-layer (EDL) capacitance and pseudocapacitance can be easily decoupled in the heteroatoms-doped mesoporous ACFNs. SCs device based on heteroatoms-doped ACFNs exhibited a high energy density of 6.3 W·h·kg−1 with a power density of 250 W·kg−1, as well as excellent cycling stability with 88% capacitance retention after 10,000 charge–discharge cycles. The excellent electrochemical performance was attributed to the mesoporous structure of ACFNs and pseudocapacitive heteroatoms.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Free-Standing and Heteroatoms-Doped Carbon Nanofiber Networks as a Binder-Free Flexible Electrode for High-Performance Supercapacitors

et al. 2019

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“…In addition, the approximate triangular charge-discharge profiles and their slightly nonlinear characteristic exhibited the primary EDLC performance and additional pseudocapacitance performance (Figure S8B). The pseudocapacitance can be attributed to the high oxygen content (7%–8%) of the PCMs (Table S1) (Guo et al., 2014, Liu et al., 2018, Tang et al., 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nontemplating Porous Carbon Material from Polyphosphamide Resin for Supercapacitors

et al. 2019

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SummaryThe nontemplating preparation of porous carbon materials by using specially designed polymer precursors for supercapacitor is attracting considerable research attention because of the more controllable frame structure and easier processes than templating methods. Herein, a deliberately designed cross-linking polyphosphamide resin with defined N and P structure is synthesized and then carbonized to obtain porous carbon material. The as-obtained porous carbon material has a specific surface area of 2,620 m2 g−1, high porosity of 1.49 cm3 g−1, and well-distributed micro/mesoporous carbon structure. Different from activation by post-added NH4H2PO4, the confined N and P in the polymer frame are confirmed to play an important role in pore structure development by forming in situ highly dispersed NH4H2PO4 during carbonization. When evaluated as the electrode material for supercapacitors, the polyphosphamide-resin-based porous carbon material demonstrates excellent capacitance (440 F g−1 under 0.5 A g−1) and high stability (retention of 93% over 10,000 cycles).

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“…Fig 1 presents the statistics of publications on SCs available from Elsevier's database (Scopus indexed publications) as at 23 rd May 2019. The publications include journal articles (19,004), conference articles (3,920), articles in press (accepted manuscripts, 302), book chapters (162), dissertations (147), books (15), errata (3) and a standard. It is evident from the bar chart that research interest in this area is increasing steadily.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent trends in non-faradaic supercapacitor electrode materials

2019

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Global demand for energy is on a progressive increase and there is a need for environmentally friendly technologies to meet this demand. Electrochemical energy systems are hinged on clean and sustainable technologies. The latest trend in electrochemical energy systems is the supercapacitors (SCs). SCs are famous for their attractive properties: power density, charging time, life cycle, operational safety, and simplicity. However, their energy density is generally low and to a great extent, this parameter is invariably dependent on the nature of electrode material used. While high energy density is being sought for in SCs, it is necessary to keep abreast of recent electrode materials and their practical performances. This paper gives a concise description of capacitors with a focus on the non-Faradaic SCs. It also compendiously presents an overview of carbon electrode materials with their practical performances (specific surface area, specific capacitance, energy and power densities) for non-Faradaic SCs, with reference to more than 100 reputable works. Development and investigation of highly active carbon materials with optimized electrolytic compatibilities and manipulative morphologies and pore structures were recommended.

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Polyphosphazene-derived heteroatoms-doped carbon materials for supercapacitor electrodes

Cited by 76 publications

References 45 publications

Free-Standing and Heteroatoms-Doped Carbon Nanofiber Networks as a Binder-Free Flexible Electrode for High-Performance Supercapacitors

Free-Standing and Heteroatoms-Doped Carbon Nanofiber Networks as a Binder-Free Flexible Electrode for High-Performance Supercapacitors

Nontemplating Porous Carbon Material from Polyphosphamide Resin for Supercapacitors

Recent trends in non-faradaic supercapacitor electrode materials

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