Polymers Based on Stable Phenoxyl Radicals for the Use in Organic Radical Batteries

Abstract

Polymers with pendant phenoxyl radicals are synthesized and the electrochemical properties are investigated in detail. The monomers are polymerized using ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) or free-radical polymerization methods. The monomers and polymers, respectively, are oxidized to the radical either before or after the polymerization. These phenoxyl radicals containing polymers reveal a reversible redox behavior at a potential of -0.6 V (vs Ag/AgCl). Such materials can be used as anode-active material in organic radical batteries (ORBs).

The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2014

“…In many cases the monomers noted were copolymerized with simpler norbornene structures; in these cases only the most structurally exotic monomer has been noted. Numerous substituted norbornenes have been subjected to ROMP using metal carbene complexes, including those possessing the following structural features: (1) norbornenes [287], including those connected to phenoxy groups [288], steroid groups [289], cobalticenium groups (e.g. 65)…”

Polymers with n-type nitroxide side groups: Synthesis and electrochemical characterization

“…Molar masses of 16,800 g/mol (M n ) could be achieved for polymer [3] with a polydispersity index (PDI value) of 1.16 (Table 1). After oxidation the molar mass of the polymer increased slightly accompanied with an increase of the PDI value to 1.67 due to sidereactions caused by the formed radicals [21,22]. Methacrylamide polymer [4] was obtained with a molar mass of 9.700 g/mol (M n ) and a PDI value of 1.65.…”

Effect of intrachain sulfonic acid dopants on the solid-state charge mobility of a model radical polymer

“…Recently, conductive macromolecules have been utilized in existing and emerging technologies (e.g., memory devices [1][2][3], biosensors [4,5], thermoelectric devices [6,7], rechargeable batteries [8,9], and photovoltaic cells [10][11][12]) due to their ability to exhibit electrical properties approaching that of inorganic semiconductors while maintaining more attractive mechanical properties and processing advantages relative to these traditional semiconducting materials [10,13]. Among these conductive macromolecules, π-conjugated polymers have been the most widely-used materials for these optoelectronic devices because of the ability of these materials to transport charge quickly and respond well to external stimuli in thin film, solid-state devices [11,12,[14][15][16].…”