Polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in human milk samples from two regions in Croatia

Klinčić, Darija; Romanić, Snježana Herceg; Sarić, Marijana Matek; Grzunov, Jurica; Dukić, Branko

doi:10.1016/j.etap.2014.01.009

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In the human body, the β-isomer is usually present in higher concentrations than those of α- and γ-HCH, which metabolize into β-HCH [ 45 ]. The β-HCH content in the present study (average 2.03 ng/g lipids) corresponds to the results of Croes et al [ 16 ] and Klinčić et al [ 46 ] in Belgium and Croatia, respectively. Both teams of researchers found the content of this isomer to be in the range of 0.6–9.0 ng/g lipids.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The lack of correlation between the content of organochlorine pesticides and the age of the mothers may result from too-short an exposure period, or the disappearance of these compounds in the environment. However, some authors have noted various correlations between the concentration of these pesticides in milk and the age of the mothers, positive [ 55 , 56 ] or negative [ 46 ]. The increase in the concentration of organochlorine pesticides with the age of mothers may also be the result of women′s eating habits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endocrine-Disrupting Organochlorine Pesticides in Human Breast Milk: Changes during Lactation

2021

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The aim of the present study was to assess infant safety associated with the occurrence of endocrine-disrupting organochlorine pesticides (OCP) in breast milk. Moreover, the association between pregnant mothers’ dietary habits and these compounds levels in breast milk was investigated. Breast milk was collected at various stages of lactation. The samples were analyzed by the GC-MS method. The OCP concentrations ranged from < limit of detection (LOD) to 6.81 ng/g lipids. The highest OCP concentrations in breast milk occurred primarily within the first month of lactation, and decreased over the lactation period. It was found that the maternal consumption of certain food products—in particular pork, beef, poultry, eggs, and dairy products—could have affected the content of 1,1’-(2,2,2-Trichloroethane-1,1-diyl)bis(4-chlorobenzene), called DDT and its metabolites in the breast milk. The levels of beta-endosulfan were positively correlated with fish and poultry consumption. The redundancy analysis indicated that the diets of the pregnant women had an important impact on pesticide residues in the breast milk. There is a potential possibility of lowering the content of organochlorine compounds in breast milk by adhering to nutritional recommendations, e.g., avoiding the excessive consumption of fish and other raw food materials of unknown origin.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine-Disrupting Organochlorine Pesticides in Human Breast Milk: Changes during Lactation

2021

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“…. di-ortho PCBs: sum of PCB-153, PCB-138, and PCB-180 (76). ND -not determined and no data; LOD -limit of determination; LOQ -limit of quantification…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Levels of polychlorinated biphenyls in human milk samples in European countries

Brajenović

Karačonji

Jurič

2018

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent pollutants, harmful to human health, which enter the human body mainly through food and bind to body fat. For these reasons their use in most countries is prohibited. Human milk has an advantage over other types of human samples in measuring human exposure to PCBs, as it is obtained with non-invasive sampling methods. In Europe, including Croatia, PCB levels have been monitored for many years. This review summarises PCB trends in human milk across Europe. The trend is generally downward, with higher levels prevailing in urban areas near industrial plants. The highest PCB levels were reported in the Czech Republic and Slovakia.

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“…Sharma et al (2014) showed that the EDI for DDT and HCH exceeded the provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI) value in some of the samples analysed, indicating the risk to which infants from Punjab (India) were exposed. On the contrary, in a study performed with primiparae mothers in Croatia, Klincić et al (2014) calculated EDI values one to two orders of magnitude lower than the Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) for c-HCH, the sum of DDTs and HCB. Several factors could affect the levels of pesticide residues in breast milk such as parity, duration of lactation, age, diet, habitat and other external factors (LaKind et al, 2004).…”

Section: Pesticides In Breast Milkmentioning

confidence: 92%