Poly-l-lactic acid: Pellets to fiber to fused filament fabricated scaffolds, and scaffold weight loss study

Ravi, Prashanth; Shiakolas, Panos S.; Welch, Tre R

doi:10.1016/j.addma.2017.06.002

Cited by 29 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Conversely, the cold crystallization peak was suppressed before extrusion, as reported in a previous study on a PLA film [65]. In line with these observations, PLA crystallinity level was lower after than before extrusion, and this change could have been caused by the extrusion process [66]. These results confirmed the XRD observations on the polymer crystallinity changes during extrusion.…”

Section: Thermal Analysis Of the Pla/go Scaffoldssupporting

confidence: 91%

Development of new biocompatible 3D printed graphene oxide-based scaffolds

Belaid

Nagarajan

Teyssier

et al. 2020

Materials Science and Engineering: C

110

111

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The aim of this work was to develop a bioresorbable, biodegradable and biocompatible synthetic polymer with good mechanical properties for bone tissue engineering applications. Polylactic acid (PLA) scaffolds were generated by 3D printing using the fused deposition modelling method, and reinforced by incorporation of graphene oxide (GO). Morphological analysis by scanning electron microscopy indicated that the scaffold average pore size was between 400 and 500 μm. Topography imaging revealed a rougher surface upon GO incorporation (Sa = 5.8 μm for PLA scaffolds, and of 9.9 μm for PLA scaffolds with 0.2% GO), and contact angle measurements showed a transition from a hydrophobic surface (pure PLA scaffolds) to a hydrophilic surface after GO incorporation. PLA thermomechanical properties were enhanced by GO incorporation, as shown by the 70 °C increase of the degradation peak (thermal gravimetric analysis). However, GO incorporation did not change significantly the melting point assessed by differential scanning calorimetry. Physicochemical analyses by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy confirmed the filler presence. Tensile testing demonstrated that the mechanical properties were improved upon GO incorporation (30% increase of the Young's modulus with 0.3%GO). Cell viability, attachment, proliferation and differentiation assays using MG-63 osteosarcoma cells showed that PLA/ GO scaffolds were biocompatible and that they promoted cell proliferation and mineralization more efficiently than pure PLA scaffolds. In conclusion, this new 3D printed nanocomposite is a promising scaffold with adequate mechanical properties and cytocompatibility which may allow bone formation.

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Section: Thermal Analysis Of the Pla/go Scaffoldssupporting

confidence: 91%

Development of new biocompatible 3D printed graphene oxide-based scaffolds

Belaid

Nagarajan

Teyssier

et al. 2020

Materials Science and Engineering: C

110

111

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“…A major disadvantage of the commercial filaments is that their composition is unknown. Therefore, their biocompatibility is not certain and medical use is not possible (Ravi et al, 2017). Extensive cytotoxicity and other biocompatibility tests are needed for these materials prior to any biomedical application.…”

Section: D Printingmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D and 4D Printing of Polymers for Tissue Engineering Applications

Tamay

Usal

Alagoz

et al. 2019

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

315

239

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Three-dimensional (3D) and Four-dimensional (4D) printing emerged as the next generation of fabrication techniques, spanning across various research areas, such as engineering, chemistry, biology, computer science, and materials science. Three-dimensional printing enables the fabrication of complex forms with high precision, through a layer-by-layer addition of different materials. Use of intelligent materials which change shape or color, produce an electrical current, become bioactive, or perform an intended function in response to an external stimulus, paves the way for the production of dynamic 3D structures, which is now called 4D printing. 3D and 4D printing techniques have great potential in the production of scaffolds to be applied in tissue engineering, especially in constructing patient specific scaffolds. Furthermore, physical and chemical guidance cues can be printed with these methods to improve the extent and rate of targeted tissue regeneration. This review presents a comprehensive survey of 3D and 4D printing methods, and the advantage of their use in tissue regeneration over other scaffold production approaches.

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“…Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is a well-known 3D printing method and an additive manufacturing (AM) technology that is widely used in several fields [7]. It provides several benefits, such as product customization, cost-effectiveness, and the possibility to create complex structures, making it ideal for patient-specific devices in biomedical applications [8,9]. To implement FFF for implantable biomedical devices, meltable biomaterial filaments are required [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Possibility of Interlocking Nail Fabrication from FFF 3D Printing PLA/PCL/HA Composites Coated by Local Silk Fibroin for Canine Bone Fracture Treatment

et al. 2020

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The biomaterials polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), and hydroxyapatite (HA) were selected to fabricate composite filaments for 3D printing fused filament fabrication (FFF), which was used to fabricate a composite biomaterial for an interlocking nail for canine diaphyseal fractures instead of metal bioinert materials. Bioactive materials were used to increase biological activities and provide a high possibility for bone regeneration to eliminate the limitations of interlocking nails. HA was added to PLA and PCL granules in three ratios according to the percentage of HA: 0%, 5%, and 15% (PLA/PCL, PLA/PCL/5HA, and PLA/PCL/15HA, respectively), before the filaments were extruded. The test specimens were 3D-printed from the extruded composite filaments using an FFF printer. Then, a group of test specimens was coated by silk fibroin (SF) using the lyophilization technique to increase their biological properties. Mechanical, biological, and chemical characterizations were performed to investigate the properties of the composite biomaterials. The glass transition and melting temperatures of the copolymer were not influenced by the presence of HA in the PLA/PCL filaments. Meanwhile, the presence of HA in the PLA/PCL/15HA group resulted in the highest compressive strength (82.72 ± 1.76 MPa) and the lowest tensile strength (52.05 ± 2.44 MPa). HA provided higher bone cell proliferation, and higher values were observed in the SF coating group. Therefore, FFF 3D-printed filaments using composite materials with bioactive materials have a high potential for use in fabricating an interlocking nail for canine diaphyseal fractures.

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Poly-l-lactic acid: Pellets to fiber to fused filament fabricated scaffolds, and scaffold weight loss study

Cited by 29 publications

References 36 publications

Development of new biocompatible 3D printed graphene oxide-based scaffolds

Development of new biocompatible 3D printed graphene oxide-based scaffolds

3D and 4D Printing of Polymers for Tissue Engineering Applications

The Possibility of Interlocking Nail Fabrication from FFF 3D Printing PLA/PCL/HA Composites Coated by Local Silk Fibroin for Canine Bone Fracture Treatment

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