Policies in coastal wetlands: Key challenges

Vélez, José Manuel Mojica; García, Salvador Gómez; Espinoza‐Tenorio, Alejandro

doi:10.1016/j.envsci.2018.06.016

Cited by 49 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…To date, most researches on wetlands restoration focused on restorability assessment [19,20,21,22], suitability prediction [23,24,25,26], restoration site selection [27,28,29,30,31], and so on. Qu et al (2018) proposed a GIS-based Restorability Index (RESI) model and restoration plan to evaluate the wetland restorability of the Sanjiang Plain, which is the largest marsh area of China [32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optimization Model for a Wetland Restoration Project under Uncertainty

Cai

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Restoring natural wetlands with conservation projects is an urgent task for human well-being. This paper introduces the Interval linear programming (ILP) method in wetland restoration projects for the first time and builds an optimization model. The purpose of the optimization model is to find an optimal restoration measures allocation pattern that can minimize the total investment in wetland restoration projects and obtain additional ecological environment and socio-economic benefits. The optimization model can also decrease the influence of interval uncertainty in the system by expressing the executed solution as interval numbers with an upper bound and a lower bound. The result of the optimization model for the wetland restoration project indicated a range of 6.84%–15.43% reduction on comparison with the original scheme which verified the effectiveness and validity of this optimization model. Our findings indicate that higher ecological and social benefits of wetland restoration projects can be achieved with lower restoration investment on the application of the reasonable and optimal restoration measures allocation pattern by the optimization model. The results of interval solutions can provide guidance for project managers to select a satisfactory decision-making plan by adjusting the decision variables in the interval solutions according to the practical situation. It can be seen that reeds were suggested to be planted over 46.75 km2, with the same lower bound and higher bound. Meanwhile, populus euphratica, and dryland willow were recommended to be planted in a mixed forest pattern within the interval of 30.54 km2 to 37.25 km2, and so forth. With the optimal solutions obtained from the model, the total project investment would be in the range of 2193.14 (104 CNY) to 2416.01 (104 CNY). Future improvements of our optimization model in wetland restoration projects should consider other kinds of uncertainties in the system such as stochastic uncertainties, fuzzy uncertainties, and integrated uncertainties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optimization Model for a Wetland Restoration Project under Uncertainty

Cai

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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“…Wetlands are among the most productive and vulnerable ecosystems in the world, have fundamental ecological functions, and play an irreplaceable role in the maintenance of biodiversity and human development [1][2][3]. Despite the relevant departments' efforts to restore natural wetlands for human well-being [4], global change and intense anthropogenic pressure have destroyed more than half of global wetlands during the last century [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Water Quality and Heavy Metals in Wetlands along the Yellow River in Henan Province

et al. 2020

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Assessing spatiotemporal variation in water quality and heavy metals concentrations in wetlands and identifying metal contamination source are crucial steps for the protection and sustainable utilization of water resources. Using the water quality identification index (Iwq), heavy metal pollution index (HPI), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and redundancy analysis (RDA), we evaluated spatiotemporal variation in water quality and heavy metals concentrations, and their interrelation in wetlands along the middle and lower Yellow River. The average Iwq was highest during flood season but the average HPI was lowest in the same season. Meanwhile, the trend in mean HPI across three hydrological seasons was the opposite to that of mean Iwq. There was significant variation in wetlands water pollution status across seasons. During the flood season, the wetlands in the affected area with hanging river were seriously polluted. In other seasons, pollution in the artificial wetlands was even more severe. Moreover, serious pollution of wetlands in belt transect #03 (Yuanyang-Zhongmu) was more frequent. Dissolved oxygen and chemical oxygen demand strongly influenced heavy metal concentrations, while other water quality parameters had different influences on heavy metal concentrations in different hydrological seasons. The causes of water pollution were divided into natural factors and human disturbance (with potential relationships between them). The polluted wetlands were greatly affected by the Yellow River during the flood season while they were more impacted by agricultural and domestic sewage discharge in other seasons. However, heavy metal deposition and leaching into riparian wetlands were still affected by diverse channel conditions. If this trend is allowed to continue unabated, wetlands along the middle and lower Yellow River are likely to lose their vital ecological and social functions.

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“…This approach can also favor or disadvantage certain social groups. Many studies have shown that environmental policies have different impacts according to social group, generally disadvantaging the poorest, the most exposed to coastal risks and the most vulnerable from a social point of view (Wal-lace, 2012;Velez et al, 2018). Social justice, defined as a fair distribution of costs and benefits over the entire population, can be questioned here and supplemented by an environmental dimension, namely ecosystem protection (Cooper and McKenna, 2008;Dobson, 1999).…”

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confidence: 99%

Strategies for adapting to hazards and environmental inequalities in coastal urban areas: what kind of resilience for these territories?

Long

Cornut

Kolb

2021

Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. The ongoing phenomenon of climate change is leading to an upsurge in the number of extreme events. Territories must adapt to these modifications in order to protect their populations and the properties present in coastal areas. The adaptation of coastal areas also aims to make them more resilient to future events. In this article, we examine two strategies for adapting to coastal risks: holding the coastal line through hard constructions such as seawalls or ripraps and the managed retreat of activities and populations to a part of the territory not exposed to hazards. In France, these approaches are financed by a solidarity insurance system at the national level as well as local taxes. These solidarity systems aim to compensate the affected populations and finance implementation of the strategies chosen by local authorities. However, the French mainland coast generally attracts affluent residents, the price of land being higher than inland. This situation induces the presence of inequalities in these territories, inequalities which can be maintained or reinforced in the short and medium term when a defense strategy based on hard constructions is implemented. In such a trajectory, it appears that these territories would be less resilient in the long term because of the maintenance costs of the structures and the uncertainties relating to the hazards (submersion, rising sea levels, erosion). Conversely, with a managed-retreat strategy, inequalities would instead be done away with since property and populations would no longer be exposed to hazards, which would cost society less and would lead these territories towards greater resilience in the long term. Only one social group would be strongly impacted by this strategy in the short term when they are subjected to a managed retreat to another part of the territory.

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Policies in coastal wetlands: Key challenges

Cited by 49 publications

References 122 publications

An Optimization Model for a Wetland Restoration Project under Uncertainty

An Optimization Model for a Wetland Restoration Project under Uncertainty

Evaluation of Water Quality and Heavy Metals in Wetlands along the Yellow River in Henan Province

Strategies for adapting to hazards and environmental inequalities in coastal urban areas: what kind of resilience for these territories?

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