Polarization control in strained T-bar VCSELs

Sopra, Fabrice Monti di; Brunner, M.; Hövel, R.

doi:10.1109/lpt.2002.1021960

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Previous approaches include techniques such as fabricating in asymmetric shape 4 -6 and providing asymmetric mechanical force. [7][8][9] Also, it has been shown theoretically 10,11 and experimentally 12,13 that strained multiquantum wells ͑MQWs͒ grown on an asymmetric crystal plane have an asymmetric in-plane gain, which leads to a fixed in-plane polarization axis. These polarization control schemes have been mainly studied on short-wavelength VCSELs, but relatively little has been done on long-wavelength VCSELs.…”

Section: Wavelength Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser Fabricatmentioning

confidence: 99%

1.3 μm wavelength vertical cavity surface emitting laser fabricated by orientation-mismatched wafer bonding: A prospect for polarization control

Okuno

Geske

Gan

et al. 2003

Applied Physics Letters

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We propose and demonstrate a long-wavelength vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) which consists of a (311)B InP-based active region and (100) GaAs-based distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs), with an aim to control the in-plane polarization of output power. Crystal growth on (311)B InP substrates was performed under low-migration conditions to achieve good crystalline quality. The VCSEL was fabricated by wafer bonding, which enables us to combine different materials regardless of their lattice and orientation mismatch without degrading their quality. The VCSEL was polarized with a power extinction ratio of 31 dB.

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Section: Wavelength Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser Fabricatmentioning

confidence: 99%

1.3 μm wavelength vertical cavity surface emitting laser fabricated by orientation-mismatched wafer bonding: A prospect for polarization control

Okuno

Geske

Gan

et al. 2003

Applied Physics Letters

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“…Тем не менее, одномодовый режим генерации с фактором подавления боковых мод (SMSR) > 30 дБ сохраняется во всем дипазоне токов накачки. Несмотря на вырождение фундаментальной моды резонатора по поляризации, поляризационные исследования выявили преобладание выделенного направления поляризации излучения ВИЛ с фактором подавления ортогональной поляризации (OPSR) > 15 дБ во всем рабочем диапазоне токов без каких-либо переключений поляризации, что, по-видимому, обусловлено электрооптическим эффек-том или механическими напряжениями в комбинации с сложной формой оксидной токовой апертуры [13,14].…”

Section: результаты и обсуждениеunclassified

Ширина линии излучения и alpha-фактор одномодовых вертикально-излучающих лазеров спектрального диапазона 850 нм на основе квантовых ям InGaAs/AlGaAs -=SUP=-*-=/SUP=-

Блохин¹,

Бобров²,

Блохин³

et al. 2018

Физика И Техника Полупроводников

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The emission-line width for 850-nm single-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers based on InGaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells is studied. The width of the emission line for a laser with a 2-μm oxide current aperture attains it minimum (~110 MHz) at an output power of 0.8 mW. As the optical output power is further increased, anomalous broadening of the emission line is observed; this is apparently caused by an increase in the α-factor as a result of a decrease in the differential gain in the active region under conditions of increased concentration of charge carriers and of high internal optical losses in the microcavity. The α-factor is estimated using two independent methods.

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“…The attempts to stabilize and control the polarization of VCSELs can be divided into five groups: the usage of nonisotropic gain, e.g., by growing on substrates with higher indices (Nishiyama et al 1999), non cylindrical resonators , external feedback (Wilkinson et al 1999), externally applied stress (Monti di Sopra et al 2002), or mirrors with polarization dependent reflectivity (Unold et al 2002). By using metal or metalinterlaced gratings on top of one mirror of a VCSEL one can achieve different reflectivities for both polarizations.…”

Section: Polarization Control Of Vcselsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the pressure broadening coefficients of the oxygen A-band using a low cost, polarization stabilized, widely tunable vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser

et al. 2007

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Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are used for oxygen monitoring via tunable diode laser spectroscopy at 760 nm wavelength. For the desired application, novel polarization-stable laser diodes based on AlGaAs were developed. We present measurements of the pressure-broadening coefficients of the electric dipole forbidden oxygen A-band b(exp 1) Sigma+(exp 9) --> X(exp 3) Sigma+(exp 9) transition at 760 nm. The time the pressure-broadening coefficients were determined with a temperature tuned VCSEL. Generally temperature tuning has the disadvantage of frequent mode-hops, but the advantage of a wider tuning range in comparison to current tuning. Because of special techniques of polarization stabilization with a combination of a dielectric surface grating and a surface relief the VCSELs have a mode hop-free tuning range of more than 7 nm and a sidemode suppression of more than 30 dB. This provides a low cost laser diode system with a wide tuning range, which enables the possibility of simultaneous measurement of temperature, pressure and oxygen concentration in air, high pressure measurements and also a higher accuracy of oxygen concentration measurements

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Polarization control in strained T-bar VCSELs

Cited by 14 publications

References 9 publications

1.3 μm wavelength vertical cavity surface emitting laser fabricated by orientation-mismatched wafer bonding: A prospect for polarization control

1.3 μm wavelength vertical cavity surface emitting laser fabricated by orientation-mismatched wafer bonding: A prospect for polarization control

Ширина линии излучения и alpha-фактор одномодовых вертикально-излучающих лазеров спектрального диапазона 850 нм на основе квантовых ям InGaAs/AlGaAs -=SUP=-*-=/SUP=-

Measurement of the pressure broadening coefficients of the oxygen A-band using a low cost, polarization stabilized, widely tunable vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser

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