Poisoning deaths in China: Type and prevalence detected at the Tongji Forensic Medical Center in Hubei

Liu, Qinghai; Zhou, Lihong; Zheng, Na; Zhuo, Luo; Liu, Yunbo; Liu, Lei

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.09.013

Cited by 46 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Similar to some published reports from other countries, males predominated in the number of cases of poisoning, especially in the 54-63 year group [7,8]. It was also shown, that first quartile of the poisoned patient's age was 42 years old.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…We found that unintentional poisonings were more frequently noted in the case of men compared to all poisoning. The reported data is in accordance with observation concerning poisoning deaths in China published by Liu et al [8]. In the cited work covering a 10-year period, there was male preponderance in every year except for 2004, and the vast majority of poison exposures were accidental, followed by suicidal poisonings.…”

Section: Ijomeh 2017;30(6) 904supporting

confidence: 90%

“…Carbon monoxide was one of the predominant agents in acute poisoning deaths also in England and Wales [27]. Similar, Liu et al [8] recorded an increase in the proportion of deaths due to CO in the period 1999-2008 compared to the former (1956-1984 and 1983-1998) reports. There was no statistically significant difference between men and women in the frequency of poisonings due to the following agents: gases, solvents, drugs of abuse, mushrooms, pesticides, metals and others, probably due to low numbers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

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Poisoning deaths in Poland: Types and frequencies reported in Łódź, Kraków, Sosnowiec, Gdańsk, Wrocław and Poznań during 2009–2013

Krakowiak¹,

Piekarska-Wijatkowska²,

Kobza-Sindlewska³

et al. 2017

Int J Occup Med Environ Health

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Ijomeh 2017;30(6) 904supporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Poisoning deaths in Poland: Types and frequencies reported in Łódź, Kraków, Sosnowiec, Gdańsk, Wrocław and Poznań during 2009–2013

Krakowiak¹,

Piekarska-Wijatkowska²,

Kobza-Sindlewska³

et al. 2017

Int J Occup Med Environ Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…17,[30][31][32] The identification of these compounds in different matrices as well as their quantification are of interest in the criminal field since the number of human 3,17,[33][34][35][36] 53 or supercritical fluid extraction 54 followed by gas 20,50,[55][56][57][58][59][60] or liquid chromatography. 1,19,48,49,52,53,[61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70] The low volatility and the thermolability of these compounds and the high polarities of the transformation products obviously favor the use of column liquid chromatography (LC) as the separation technique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of carbamates in beverages by liquid-liquid extraction with low temperature partitioning and liquid chromatography

Goulart¹,

Alves²,

Paula³

et al. 2012

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Carbamatos são os pesticidas mais frequentemente encontrados em alimentos e bebidas de coloração escura em casos de intoxicação acidental ou intencional. Neste trabalho, extração líquido-líquido com partição em baixa temperatura (LLE-LTP) foi otimizada e validada para determinação dos carbamatos aldicarb, carbofuran e carbaril em bebidas de sucos de uva e leite achocolatado. Este método envolve a extração com acetonitrila, partição líquido-líquido em baixa temperatura e análise por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência com detecção ultravioleta (HPLC-UV). O método é rápido, eficiente e de baixo custo, emprega pequenos volumes de solvente por amostra e não necessita de limpeza dos extratos. O método de extração foi seletivo e apresentou porcentagens de extração acima de 90%. As premissas relacionadas com os testes estatísticos de linearidade foram verificadas e confirmadas. O método de extração e análise foi validado com resultados satisfatórios e pode ser aplicado em análises de rotina e forenses.Carbamates are the pesticides most commonly found in dark colored foods and beverages in cases of accidental or intentional poisoning. In this work, the liquid-liquid extraction with low temperature partitioning (LLE-LTP) was optimized and validated for determination of the carbamates aldicarb, carbofuran and carbaryl in grape juice and chocolate milk beverages. This method involved extraction with acetonitrile, liquid-liquid partition at low temperature and the analysis by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV). The method is rapid, efficient and of low-cost, employing small volumes of solvent per sample and requiring no cleanup of the extracts. The extraction methodology was selective and presented recovery percentages above 90%. The premises related to the statistical linearity tests were checked and confirmed. The method of extraction and analysis was validated with satisfactory results, and may be applied in forensic and routine analysis Keywords: carbamates, low temperature partitioning, high performance liquid chromatography, sample preparation, validation IntroductionCarbamate insecticides are widely used in gardening and agriculture due to their broad spectrum of activity and relatively short environmental persistence. However, they are potentially toxic to humans, particularly in the context of intentional self-poisoning. 1,2 Carbamates are found as commercialized products for agricultural practices and some compounds of this group, with their respective commercial names are: carbaryl (Sevin ® ), aldicarb (Temik ® ) and carbofuran (Furadan ® ). From these, aldicarb stands out as the main target on the list of controlled pesticides of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) due to its elevated toxicity to mammals. 3,4 The maximum residue level (MRL) of aldicarb 5,6 and carbofuran 6 in water is 10 and 7 μg L -1 , respectively. In Goulart et al. 1155 Vol. 23, No. 6, 2012 milk, the MRLs established for aldicarb, 7,8 Exposures may occur accidentally, with ...

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Kaffeegenuss mit anticholinergen Nebenwirkungen

et al. 2015

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Poisoning deaths in China: Type and prevalence detected at the Tongji Forensic Medical Center in Hubei

Cited by 46 publications

References 22 publications

Poisoning deaths in Poland: Types and frequencies reported in Łódź, Kraków, Sosnowiec, Gdańsk, Wrocław and Poznań during 2009–2013

Poisoning deaths in Poland: Types and frequencies reported in Łódź, Kraków, Sosnowiec, Gdańsk, Wrocław and Poznań during 2009–2013

Determination of carbamates in beverages by liquid-liquid extraction with low temperature partitioning and liquid chromatography

Kaffeegenuss mit anticholinergen Nebenwirkungen

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