“…Neutrophils in the saliva have been reported in previous investigations ( Nicu et al, 2018 , Takubo et al, 1997 , Bhadbhade at l., 2012), and they were found in denture wearers ( Gasparoto et al, 2011 ), children ( Seyedmajidi et al, 2015 ), and clinically healthy individuals in their saliva, gingival crevice, and periodontal pockets samples ( Crawford et al, 2000 ). In addition to determining the neutrophil count, several investigations have evaluated neutrophil-derived markers to aid in clinical decisions ( Ibarra-Silva et al, 2020 , Langhorst et al, 2016 , Tamimi et al, 2018 , Marcaccini et al, 2010 , Tan et al, 2020 ). The relative ease of salivary sampling ( Marcaccini et al, 2010 , Tan et al, 2020 ) with its many intrinsic advantages has increased the focus on this approach for both diagnostic and research initiatives ( Tan et al, 2020 , Hofman, 2001 ) supporting biomarker discovery for high-frequency monitoring ( Hofman, 2001 , Castagnola et al, 2017 , François et al, 2019 ).…”