Platelets and atherogenesis: Platelet anti-aggregation activity and endothelial protection from tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Palomo, Iván; Fuentes, Eduardo; Padró, Teresa; Badimon, Lina

doi:10.3892/etm.2012.477

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…Light-to-moderate alcohol consumption (up to 1 drink daily for women and 1 or 2 drinks daily for men), and possibly in particular red wine consumption, is associated with less cerebro- and cardiovascular disease [10]. Tomatoes reduce platelet aggregation and improve vascular function [11,12]. Walnuts are also rich in polyphenols and were a key issue in reducing stroke risk in the PREDIMED study [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advice on Lifestyle Changes (Diet, Red Wine and Physical Activity) Does Not Affect Internal Carotid and Middle Cerebral Artery Blood Flow Velocity in Patients with Carotid Arteriosclerosis in a Randomized Controlled Trial

Droste

Iliescu²,

Vaillant³

et al. 2014

Cerebrovasc Dis

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Background: A Mediterranean diet, with and without small daily amounts of red wine, and physical activity reduce the risk of cerebrovascular disease and improve cognition. An increase in cerebral blood flow may be the underlying mechanism. Under normal conditions, cerebral blood flow velocity changes in the internal carotid arteries and in large basal cerebral arteries correlate closely with cerebral blood flow changes, as the diameter of these vessels hardly changes and only the smaller vessels downstream change their diameter. Methods: A prospective randomized controlled trial was performed in 108 patients with carotid atherosclerosis (mean age 64 years, 67% men, 66% on statin therapy). Half of them were advised to follow a polyphenol-rich modified Mediterranean diet including 1-2 tomatoes, 3-5 walnuts and a bar of dark chocolate (25 g) a day and to perform moderate physical exercise for 30 min/day (lifestyle changes). Within these two groups, half of the patients were randomized either to avoid any alcohol or to drink 100 ml of red wine (women) or 200 ml of red wine (men) daily. Bilateral middle cerebral and internal carotid blood flow velocity (peak systolic, peak end-diastolic and mean) was measured at baseline and after 4 and 20 weeks using colour-coded duplex ultrasound. Insonation depth and insonation angle were used to identically place the sample volume during follow-up investigations. A general linear model with Tukey-Kramer adjustment for multiple comparisons was used to assess the primary end points. For the analysis we used the mean values of the right and left artery. Results: Neither lifestyle changes nor red wine had an effect on peak systolic, peak end-diastolic or mean cerebral blood flow velocity. Conclusions: Advice on lifestyle changes, including a modified polyphenol-rich Mediterranean diet, a glass of red wine daily and physical exercise, did not affect middle cerebral and internal carotid blood flow velocity in our patient group with carotid atherosclerosis. An increase in cerebral blood flow is thus unlikely to be the cause of the reduced risk of cerebrovascular disease and improved cognitive functioning described in the literature. One possible explanation for the fact that blood flow velocity was not affected by red wine, diet and physical activity advice is that two thirds of our patients were already on statin therapy. Statins increase cerebral blood flow and vasomotor reactivity via nitric oxide.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advice on Lifestyle Changes (Diet, Red Wine and Physical Activity) Does Not Affect Internal Carotid and Middle Cerebral Artery Blood Flow Velocity in Patients with Carotid Arteriosclerosis in a Randomized Controlled Trial

Droste

Iliescu²,

Vaillant³

et al. 2014

Cerebrovasc Dis

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“…The protective effects of F&V may be originated from several phytochemicals present in foods. We have recently demonstrated that S. lycopersicum exerts antiplatelet activity through the inhibition of platelet aggregation induced by ADP and collagen [39, 40]. In the same line, we found that total extract of S. lycopersicum was thermally stable in the temperature range of 20 to 100°C, and both acid and alkali did not affect inhibition of platelet aggregation induced by ADP [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Protective Mechanisms ofS. lycopersicumAqueous Fraction (Nucleosides and Flavonoids) on Platelet Activation and Thrombus Formation:In Vitro,Ex VivoandIn VivoStudies

Fuentes

Pereira

Alarcón

et al. 2013

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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The purpose of this research was to investigate mechanisms of antiplatelet action of bioactive principle from S. lycopersicum. Aqueous fraction had a high content of nucleosides (adenosine, guanosine, and adenosine 5′-monophosphate) by HPLC analysis. Also aqueous fraction presented flavonoids content. Aqueous fraction inhibited platelet activation by 15 ± 6% (P < 0.05). Fully spread of human platelets on collagen in the presence of aqueous fraction was inhibited from 15 ± 1 to 9 ± 1 μm2 (P < 0.001). After incubation of whole blood with aqueous fraction, the platelet coverage was inhibited by 55 ± 12% (P < 0.001). Platelet ATP secretion and aggregation were significantly inhibited by the aqueous fraction. At the same concentrations that aqueous fraction inhibits platelet aggregation, levels of sCD40L significantly decreased and the intraplatelet cAMP levels increased. In addition, SQ22536, an adenylate cyclase inhibitor, attenuated the effect of aqueous fraction toward ADP-induced platelet aggregation and intraplatelet level of cAMP. Platelet aggregation ex vivo (human study) and thrombosis formation in vivo (murine model) were inhibited by aqueous fraction. Finally, aqueous fraction may be used as a functional ingredient adding antiplatelet activities (nucleosides and flavonoids) to processed foods.

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“…According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) (acute myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral arterial thrombosis) are the causes of approximately 30% of deaths worldwide (Palomo et al., 2012). In normal, body process coagulation and fibrinolysis processes are controlled properly.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticancer, antithrombotic, antityrosinase, and anti‐α‐glucosidase activities of selected wild and commercial mushrooms from Pakistan

Sharif

Atta

Huma

et al. 2018

Food Science & Nutrition

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Mushrooms have been accepted as nutraceutical foods because of their high nutritional and functional values. They have also gained interest due to their medicinal properties, economic importance, and organoleptic merit. In this study, wild Ganoderma lucidum and four commercial mushrooms, that is, Pleurotus ostreatus, Volvariella volvacea, Hericium erinaceus, and Lentinus edodes from Pakistan were screened for their biological activities such as anticancer, antityrosinase, anti‐α‐glucosidase, and antithrombotic activities from their methanol, ethanol, and water extracts. Enzyme inhibition assay showed that selected mushrooms are potent inhibitors with %age inhibition ranging from 19.00% to 80.91%, and 32.85% to 83.38% for tyrosinase and α‐glucosidase, respectively. The best tyrosinase inhibition was shown by P. ostreatus whereas L. edodes was found best as α‐glucosidase inhibitor. These mushrooms were tested against cancer cell lines including HT‐29 colon and H‐1299 lungs carcinoma cell lines. G. lucidum showed 29% and 24% viability of cells against HT‐29 and H‐1299 cell lines, respectively. This antiproliferative effect was in dose‐dependent manner, and the maximum inhibition was observed at 200 μg/ml. Mushrooms extracts were also found effective against clot lysis. The percentage of clot lysis was in the range of 27%–29%. The research would provide knowledge to the people of Pakistan about the importance of locally available commercial mushrooms and wild mushrooms for health improvement and prevention against different kinds of diseases.

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Platelets and atherogenesis: Platelet anti-aggregation activity and endothelial protection from tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Cited by 34 publications

References 106 publications

Advice on Lifestyle Changes (Diet, Red Wine and Physical Activity) Does Not Affect Internal Carotid and Middle Cerebral Artery Blood Flow Velocity in Patients with Carotid Arteriosclerosis in a Randomized Controlled Trial

Advice on Lifestyle Changes (Diet, Red Wine and Physical Activity) Does Not Affect Internal Carotid and Middle Cerebral Artery Blood Flow Velocity in Patients with Carotid Arteriosclerosis in a Randomized Controlled Trial

Protective Mechanisms ofS. lycopersicumAqueous Fraction (Nucleosides and Flavonoids) on Platelet Activation and Thrombus Formation:In Vitro,Ex VivoandIn VivoStudies

Anticancer, antithrombotic, antityrosinase, and anti‐α‐glucosidase activities of selected wild and commercial mushrooms from Pakistan

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