Platelet‐rich plasma inhibits osteoblast apoptosis and actin cytoskeleton disruption induced by gingipains through upregulating integrin β1

Abstract

The aim of this study was to explore the effects of platelet‐rich plasma on gingipain‐caused changes in cell morphology and apoptosis of osteoblasts. Mouse osteoblasts MC3T3‐E1 cells were treated with gingipain extracts from Porphyromonas gingivalis in the presence or absence of platelet‐rich plasma. Apoptosis was detected with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated dUTP nick‐end labeling staining. F‐actin was determined by phalloidin‐fluorescent staining and observed under confocal microscopy. Western blot analysis was used to detect integrin β1, F‐actin, and G‐actin protein expressions. A knocking down approach was used to determine the role of integrin β1. The platelet‐rich plasma protected osteoblasts from gingipain‐induced apoptosis in a dose‐dependent manner, accompanied by upregulation of integrin β1. Platelet‐rich plasma reversed the loss of F‐actin integrity and decrease of F‐actin/G‐actin ratio in osteoblasts in the presence of gingipains. By contrast, the effects of platelet‐rich plasma were abrogated by knockdown of integrin β1. The platelet‐rich plasma failed to reduce cell apoptosis and reorganize the cytoskeleton after knockdown of integrin β1. In conclusion, platelet‐rich plasma inhibits gingipain‐induced osteoblast apoptosis and actin cytoskeleton disruption by upregulating integrin β1 expression.

Effects of Platelet-Rich Plasma on Cellular Populations of the Central Nervous System: The Influence of Donor Age

“…Contrarily, other authors reported PRP as a differentiation promoter in mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow, adipose tissue, or dental apical papilla [ 20 , 21 , 22 ]. On the other hand, the capacity of PRP to abolish apoptosis was seen in other cell types such as chondrocytes [ 23 ], osteoblasts [ 24 ], and skeletal muscle cells [ 25 ]. Interestingly, progenitor neural cells treated with Young PRP showed a larger cell nucleus compared to those treated with Aged PRP, which could be indicative of processes that occur prior to cell differentiation [ 26 , 27 ].…”

Roles of focal adhesion proteins in skeleton and diseases

“…In addition to osteoclasts, integrins are also expressed in osteoblasts and are involved in bone formation. Integrins can interact with major ECM components, fibronectin and type I collagen, to control osteoblast differentiation and fate 46 , 47 . Furthermore, integrin-ECM interactions trigger signaling to promote early osteoblast-specific gene expression, cell differentiation and cell survival 48 .…”

In vitro studies using platelet‐rich plasma: Minimum reporting requirements

“…We read with great interest the recently published article by Mo et al (2020) that evaluated the in vitro protective effect of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) in gingipain‐induced osteoblast apoptosis and actin cytoskeleton disruption. We want to appreciate the efforts taken by the authors in characterizing the PRP used in the present study on the basis of platelet and growth factor concentrations.…”