Plasmonic nanoshell functionalized etched fiber Bragg gratings for highly sensitive refractive index measurements

Burgmeier, Jörg; Feizpour, Amin; Schade, Wolfgang; Reinhard, Björn M.

doi:10.1364/ol.40.000546

Cited by 28 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Another approach for increasing the FBG sensitivity would be the immobilization of gold nanoparticles, since they induce RI dependent waveguide losses. Thus, the shift and the intensity of Bragg wavelength are SRI-sensitive [ 29 ]. Interestingly, bare FBG fibers without any etching but antibody immobilization at fiber surface have also been recently shown for successful E. coli detection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the latter case, the sensitivity of the FBG-sensor depends on the cladding thickness, because only part of the guided light propagates as evanescent wave into the cladding [ 25 ]. For removing the fiber cladding, different approaches have been reported in the past, such as side-polishing [ 26 , 27 ] or fiber etching with hydrofluoric acid (HF) [ 28 , 29 ]. Finally, the realized fiber diameter determines the degree of Δ λ B as a result of an altered surrounding refractive index (SRI) [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Femtosecond-Pulsed Laser Written and Etched Fiber Bragg Gratings for Fiber-Optical Biosensing

Schulze

Wehrhold

Hille

2018

Sensors

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We present the development of a label-free, highly sensitive fiber-optical biosensor for online detection and quantification of biomolecules. Here, the advantages of etched fiber Bragg gratings (eFBG) were used, since they induce a narrowband Bragg wavelength peak in the reflection operation mode. The gratings were fabricated point-by-point via a nonlinear absorption process of a highly focused femtosecond-pulsed laser, without the need of prior coating removal or specific fiber doping. The sensitivity of the Bragg wavelength peak to the surrounding refractive index (SRI), as needed for biochemical sensing, was realized by fiber cladding removal using hydrofluoric acid etching. For evaluation of biosensing capabilities, eFBG fibers were biofunctionalized with a single-stranded DNA aptamer specific for binding the C-reactive protein (CRP). Thus, the CRP-sensitive eFBG fiber-optical biosensor showed a very low limit of detection of 0.82 pg/L, with a dynamic range of CRP detection from approximately 0.8 pg/L to 1.2 µg/L. The biosensor showed a high specificity to CRP even in the presence of interfering substances. These results suggest that the proposed biosensor is capable for quantification of CRP from trace amounts of clinical samples. In addition, the adaption of this eFBG fiber-optical biosensor for detection of other relevant analytes can be easily realized.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Femtosecond-Pulsed Laser Written and Etched Fiber Bragg Gratings for Fiber-Optical Biosensing

Schulze

Wehrhold

Hille

2018

Sensors

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“…The primary goal of future development work will be, therefore, to increase the sensitivity and to reduce any disturbing influences while maintaining mechanical stability. Current research has shown that the etch rate of silica glass inside hydrofluoric acid increases significantly through femtosecond laser exposure [22]. Due to a higher pulse energy input, just below the damage threshold, cone cavities form at the focus points of the laser, so that the surrounding medium can penetrate directly into the sensor location and an immediate interaction with the measuring light can be realized.…”

Section: Battery Manufacturing and Surface Cladding Waveguide Bragg Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refractive Index Measurement of Lithium Ion Battery Electrolyte with Etched Surface Cladding Waveguide Bragg Gratings and Cell Electrode State Monitoring by Optical Strain Sensors

et al. 2019

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In this scientific publication, a new sensor approach for status monitoring, such as state of charge and state of health, of lithium ion batteries by using special Bragg gratings inscribed into standard optical glass fibers is presented. In addition to well-known core gratings, embedded into the anode of 5 Ah lithium ion pouch cells as a strain monitoring unit, the manufacturing of a surface cladding waveguide Bragg grating sensor incorporated into the cell’s separator, that is sensitive to changes of the refractive index of the surrounding medium, is demonstrated. On the basis of the experiments carried out, characteristics of the cell behavior during standard cyclization and recognizable marks in subsequent post-mortem analyses of the cell components are shown. No negative influence on the cell performance due to the integrated sensors have been observed; however, the results show a clear correlation between fading cell capacity and changes of the interior optical signals. Additionally, with the novel photonic sensor, variations in the electrolyte characteristics are determinable as the refractive index of the solution changes at different molar compositions. Furthermore, with the manufactured battery cells, abuse tests by overcharging were conducted, and it was thereby demonstrated how internal battery sensors can derive additional information beyond conventional battery management systems to feasibly prevent catastrophic cell failures. The result of the research work is an early stage photonic sensor that combines chemical, mechanical and thermal information from inside the cell for an enhanced battery status analysis.

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“…The OSA is also connected so that both source and detector remain located at the same side of the optical path. For etched FBGs no additional element is required due to the nature of their reflection response [ 100 ] and certain algorithms can be used for increasing the resolution of the measurements [ 101 ]. For the rest of the summarized alternatives, a mirror is deposited on the fiber tip in order to allow back-reflection of the light modes that are sensitive to the external medium [ 102 ].…”

Section: Interrogation Of Plasmonic Fiber-grating (Bio)chemical Sementioning

confidence: 99%

Plasmonic Optical Fiber-Grating Immunosensing: A Review

Guo

González-Vila

Loyez

et al. 2017

Sensors

108

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Plasmonic immunosensors are usually made of a noble metal (in the form of a film or nanoparticles) on which bioreceptors are grafted to sense analytes based on the antibody/antigen or other affinity mechanism. Optical fiber configurations are a miniaturized counterpart to the bulky Kretschmann prism and allow easy light injection and remote operation. To excite a surface plasmon (SP), the core-guided light is locally outcoupled. Unclad optical fibers were the first configurations reported to this end. Among the different architectures able to bring light in contact with the surrounding medium, a great quantity of research is today being conducted on metal-coated fiber gratings photo-imprinted in the fiber core, as they provide modal features that enable SP generation at any wavelength, especially in the telecommunication window. They are perfectly suited for use with cost-effective high-resolution interrogators, allowing both a high sensitivity and a low limit of detection to be reached in immunosensing. This paper will review recent progress made in this field with different kinds of gratings: uniform, tilted and eccentric short-period gratings as well as long-period fiber gratings. Practical cases will be reported, showing that such sensors can be used in very small volumes of analytes and even possibly applied to in vivo diagnosis.

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Plasmonic nanoshell functionalized etched fiber Bragg gratings for highly sensitive refractive index measurements

Cited by 28 publications

References 15 publications

Femtosecond-Pulsed Laser Written and Etched Fiber Bragg Gratings for Fiber-Optical Biosensing

Femtosecond-Pulsed Laser Written and Etched Fiber Bragg Gratings for Fiber-Optical Biosensing

Refractive Index Measurement of Lithium Ion Battery Electrolyte with Etched Surface Cladding Waveguide Bragg Gratings and Cell Electrode State Monitoring by Optical Strain Sensors

Plasmonic Optical Fiber-Grating Immunosensing: A Review

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