“…Firstly, their component nanostructures are usually fabricated from dielectric or metallic films with thicknesses in the range of a few hundred nanometers and are therefore not bulky [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. Moreover, the operating wavelengths can be simply tuned by varying the size, spacing, and/or period of the nanostructures [ 8 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. Lastly, metasurface-based optical devices have already been described that have smaller optical loss than existing systems.…”