Plasmon-activated water effectively relieves hepatic oxidative damage resulting from chronic sleep deprivation

Abstract

Intrinsic anti-oxidative activity of PAW protects the liver from CSD-induced oxidative damage.

Therapeutics for Inflammatory-Related Diseases Based on Plasmon-Activated Water: A Review

“…As reported in the time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS), PAW can effectively relieve hepatic oxidative damage that resulted from chronic sleep deprivation (CSD) [ 76 ]. In normal untreated rats, most of the Na + signals were distributed in the extracellular portion (i.e., hepatic sinusoids) of hepatocytes, as shown with arrows in Figure 8 a.…”

“…Also, the incidences of hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperlipidemia and hyperinsulinemia are markedly increased ( Figure 9 b). Nevertheless, in rats subjected to CSD and daily drinking PAW, both the metabolic and the liver functions gradually restored to nearly normal values ( Figure 9 a,b) [ 76 ].…”

“…However, drinking of PAW successfully exerts beneficial effects on liver and metabolic function, in which almost all biochemical markers were noticeably returned to nearly normal values. ★ p < 0.05; ★★ p < 0.01 [ 76 ].…”

“…On the other hand, our group proposed an innovative method to create plasmon-activated water (PAW), which is prepared by treating deionized (DI) water with resonantly excited AuNPs [ 23 , 65 , 66 ]. Recently, the PAW-related papers, which are innovatively applicable in variously fields, are continuously published in our group [ 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 ]. Compared to DI water, the created additive-free PAW shows lower specific heat and boiling point [ 66 ], higher vapor pressure and osmosis [ 23 ], novel antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties [ 23 , 67 ], and higher solubility and diffusion to solutes [ 23 , 65 , 67 ].…”

“…In the meantime, it decreased fibronectin expression and attenuated renal fibrosis in a chronic kidney disease (CKD) mouse model [ 73 ]. An in vivo study of chronic sleep deprivation (CSD) rats, investigating the damage to liver structure and function from intense oxidative damage, was performed by feeding PAW instead of DI water [ 76 ]. Experimental results indicated that PAW markedly reduced oxidative stress with enhanced bioenergetics in hepatocytes.…”