Plasmids coding for enterotoxins, K88 antigen and colicins in porcineEscherichia coli strains of O-group 149

Franklin, A.; Söderlind, O.; Möllby, R.

doi:10.1007/bf02122670

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Most animal ETEC gene clusters for fimbriae are located on plasmids. These plasmids are quite large (40–100 kb) and usually also encode enterotoxin genes (98–104) (Table 1). In some cases, the fimbrial genes are adjacent to an enterotoxin gene, creating a pathogenicity islet that includes all the genetic determinants responsible for the symptoms of diarrhea (105, 106).…”

Section: Fimbrial Gene Clustersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal EnterotoxigenicEscherichia coli

2016

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Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is the most common cause of E. coli diarrhea in farm animals. ETEC are characterized by the ability to produce two types of virulence factors; adhesins that promote binding to specific enterocyte receptors for intestinal colonization and enterotoxins responsible for fluid secretion. The best-characterized adhesins are expressed in the context of fimbriae, such as the F4 (also designated K88), F5 (K99), F6 (987P), F17 and F18 fimbriae. Once established in the animal small intestine, ETEC produces enterotoxin(s) that lead to diarrhea. The enterotoxins belong to two major classes; heat-labile toxin that consist of one active and five binding subunits (LT), and heat-stable toxins that are small polypeptides (STa, STb, and EAST1). This chapter describes the disease and pathogenesis of animal ETEC, the corresponding virulence genes and protein products of these bacteria, their regulation and targets in animal hosts, as well as mechanisms of action. Furthermore, vaccines, inhibitors, probiotics and the identification of potential new targets identified by genomics are presented in the context of animal ETEC.

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Section: Fimbrial Gene Clustersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal EnterotoxigenicEscherichia coli

2016

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“…Table 1 shows some published examples regarding this type of gene linkage. Among them, antibiotic resistance plasmids carrying, alone and in combination, genes encoding the synthesis of bacteriocins (272), siderophores (82,168,401), cytotoxins (34,132), and adhesion factors (202) have been described.…”

Section: Evolution and Dissemination Of Genes Involved In Virulence Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions among Strategies Associated with Bacterial Infection: Pathogenicity, Epidemicity, and Antibiotic Resistance

2002

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SUMMARY Infections have been the major cause of disease throughout the history of human populations. With the introduction of antibiotics, it was thought that this problem should disappear. However, bacteria have been able to evolve to become antibiotic resistant. Nowadays, a proficient pathogen must be virulent, epidemic, and resistant to antibiotics. Analysis of the interplay among these features of bacterial populations is needed to predict the future of infectious diseases. In this regard, we have reviewed the genetic linkage of antibiotic resistance and bacterial virulence in the same genetic determinants as well as the cross talk between antibiotic resistance and virulence regulatory circuits with the aim of understanding the effect of acquisition of resistance on bacterial virulence. We also discuss the possibility that antibiotic resistance and bacterial virulence might prevail as linked phenotypes in the future. The novel situation brought about by the worldwide use of antibiotics is undoubtedly changing bacterial populations. These changes might alter the properties of not only bacterial pathogens, but also the normal host microbiota. The evolutionary consequences of the release of antibiotics into the environment are largely unknown, but most probably restoration of the microbiota from the preantibiotic era is beyond our current abilities.

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“…Some studies have shown that virulence genes (VGs) of E.coli isolates are sometimes associated with AMR (Franklin et al., 1981; Boerlin et al., 2005), whereas other studies have reported that AMR and VGs are only weakly linked (Johnson et al., 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations Between Anti-Microbial Resistance Phenotypes, Anti-Microbial Resistance Genotypes and Virulence Genes ofEscherichia coliIsolates from Pakistan and China

Yaqoob

Wang

et al. 2012

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

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Summary The objective of this study was to determine the association between phenotypic resistance, genotypic resistance and virulence genes of Escherichia coli isolates in Jiangsu province, China and Punjab province Pakistan. A total of 62 E. coli isolates were characterized for phenotypic resistance, genotypic resistance and virulence factor genes. The anti‐microbial resistance phenotype and genotypes in relation to virulence factor genes were assessed by statistical analysis. Of 20 tested virulence genes, twelve were found and eight were not found in any isolates. sitA and TspE4C2 were the most prevalent virulence genes. Of the 13 anti‐microbial agents tested, resistance to ampicillin, sulphonamide and tetracycline was the most frequent. All isolates were multiresistant, and 74% were resistant to trimethoprim and sulphamethaxazole. Phenotypically, tetracycline‐, cefotaxime‐ and trimethoprim‐resistant isolates had increased virulence factors as compared with susceptible isolates. Genotypically, resistant genes Tem, ctx‐M, Tet, Sul 1, dhfr1, Cat2 and flo‐R showed the association with the virulence genes. Almost all classes of anti‐microbial‐resistant genes have a high association with virulence. Resistant isolates have more virulent genes than the susceptible isolates.

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Plasmids coding for enterotoxins, K88 antigen and colicins in porcineEscherichia coli strains of O-group 149

Cited by 26 publications

References 25 publications

Animal EnterotoxigenicEscherichia coli

Animal EnterotoxigenicEscherichia coli

Interactions among Strategies Associated with Bacterial Infection: Pathogenicity, Epidemicity, and Antibiotic Resistance

Associations Between Anti-Microbial Resistance Phenotypes, Anti-Microbial Resistance Genotypes and Virulence Genes ofEscherichia coliIsolates from Pakistan and China

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