Animal Enterotoxigenic<i>Escherichia coli</i>

Dubreuil, J. Daniel; Isaacson, Richard E.; Schifferli, Dieter M.

doi:10.1128/ecosalplus.esp-0006-2016

Cited by 226 publications

(238 citation statements)

References 605 publications

(512 reference statements)

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“…Other studies have reported a high prevalence of C. difficile toxins in healthy animals concluding no clear relationship between diarrheal outbreaks and the detection of toxigenic C. difficile in pigs (Yaeger et al, 2007;Álvarez-Pérez et al, 2009). ETEC has been and still is considered the main agent responsible for intestinal disorders in neonatal piglets being F4, F5, F6 and F41, the main fimbriae associated with diarrhea, (Dubreuil et al, 2016;Luppi et al, 2016). In the present study, ETEC strains were infrequently isolated from both diarrheic and non-diarrheic piglets, similar to the results reported previously by others (Kongsted et al, 2013;Kongsted et al, 2018;Larsson et al, 2015;Mesonero-Escuredo et al, 2018).…”

Section: Fig 2 (Continued)supporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence of enteric pathogens in diarrheic and non-diarrheic samples from pig farms with neonatal diarrhea in the North East of Spain

Vidal

Martín‐Valls

Tello

et al. 2019

Veterinary Microbiology

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Two hundred and fifteen diarrheic samples from 1 to 7 days old piglets were tested for a panel of enteric pathogens. In 19 of the studied farms additional fecal samples from apparently healthy pen-mates were collected and tested for the same panel of infectious agents. Samples were bacteriologically cultured and tested by PCR for E. coli virulence factors genes, C. perfringens types A and C toxins (Cpα, Cpβ, Cpβ2) and C. difficile toxins (TcdA, TcdB). Moreover, Rotavirus A (RVA), Rotavirus B (RVB), Rotavirus C (RVC), porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) were also determined by RT-qPCR. More than one pathogen could be detected in all of the outbreaks. Nevertheless, RVA was the only agent that could be statistically correlated with the outcome of diarrhea. For the other viruses and bacteria analyzed significant differences between the diseased pigs and the controls were not found. In spite of this, the individual analysis of each of the studied farms indicated that other agents such as RVB, RVC, toxigenic C. difficile or pathogenic E. coli could play a relevant role in the outbreak of diarrhea. In conclusion, the large diversity of agent combinations and disease situations detected in neonatal diarrhea outbreaks of this study stand for a more personalized diagnosis and management advice at a farm level.

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Section: Fig 2 (Continued)supporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence of enteric pathogens in diarrheic and non-diarrheic samples from pig farms with neonatal diarrhea in the North East of Spain

Vidal

Martín‐Valls

Tello

et al. 2019

Veterinary Microbiology

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“…2). It has been widely reported in the scientific literature that ETEC challenge in pigs was not associated with significant macroscopic lesions or morphological changes in the intestinal mucosa resulting from the toxic activity of ETEC enterotoxins [57,61,62]. However, other studies have reported that the necropsy of challenged pigs with ETEC or naturally infected animals, has revealed several lesions such as; dehydration, dilation of the stomach and the small intestines, gastric infarcts in the mucosa of the stomach, and congestion of the mucosa of both the small intestine and the colon [57,63].…”

Section: Determining Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post weaning diarrhea in pigs: risk factors and non-colistin-based control strategies

et al. 2017

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Post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) is one of the most serious threats for the swine industry worldwide. It is commonly associated with the proliferation of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in the pig intestine. Colistin, a cationic antibiotic, is widely used in swine for the oral treatment of intestinal infections caused by E. coli, and particularly of PWD. However, despite the effectiveness of this antibiotic in the treatment of PWD, several studies have reported high rates of colistin resistant E. coli in swine. Furthermore, this antibiotic is considered of very high importance in humans, being used for the treatment of infections due to multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria (GNB). Moreover, the recent discovery of the mcr-1 gene encoding for colistin resistance in Enterobacteriaceae on a conjugative stable plasmid has raised great concern about the possible loss of colistin effectiveness for the treatment of MDR-GNB in humans. Consequently, it has been proposed that the use of colistin in animal production should be considered as a last resort treatment only. Thus, to overcome the economic losses, which would result from the restriction of use of colistin, especially for prophylactic purposes in PWD control, we believe that an understanding of the factors contributing to the development of this disease and the putting in place of practical alternative strategies for the control of PWD in swine is crucial. Such alternatives should improve animal gut health and reduce economic losses in pigs without promoting bacterial resistance. The present review begins with an overview of risk factors of PWD and an update of colistin use in PWD control worldwide in terms of quantities and microbiological outcomes. Subsequently, alternative strategies to the use of colistin for the control of this disease are described and discussed. Finally, a practical approach for the control of PWD in its various phases is proposed.

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“…Tab1 showed detailed information on the primers used for screening for virulence genes [2,5,7,9,11,17,31] . 30 isolate strains same as from 2.5 for PCR assay.…”

Section: Classification Of Virulence Genes Using Pcr Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence suggests that specific serotype of E.coli is among the most important factors for enteric disease and sepsis [2][3][4] . The resulting problems of livestock and poultry deaths, antibiotic residues and the spread of drug resistance become a growing public health concern worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Detection of PathogenicEscherichia coliIsolates Associated With Donkey Foals’ Diarrhea in Northern China

Liu

Xia

Zhang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to identify the biological features, influence factor and Genome-wide properties of pathogenic donkey Escherichia coli (DEC) isolates associated with severe diarrhea in Northern China. MethodsThe isolation and identification of DEC isolates were carried out by the conventional isolation、automatic biochemical analysis system、serotype identification、16S rRNA test、animal challenge and antibiotics sensitivity examination. The main virulence factors were identified by PCR. The complete genomic re-sequence and frame-sequence were analyzed.Results 216 strains of DEC were isolated from diarrhea samples, conforming to the bacterial morphology and biochemical characteristics of E.coli. The average size of the pure culture was 329.4 nm×223.5 nm. Agglutination test showed that O78 (117/179, 65.4%) was the dominant serotype and ETEC(130/216, 60.1%) was the dominant pathogenic type. Noticeable pathogenic were observed in 9 of 10 (90%) randomly selected DEC isolates caused the death of test mice (100%, 5/5) within 6h~48h, 1 of 10 (10%) isolates caused the death of test mice (40%, 2/5) within 72h. Our data confirmed that DEC plays an etiology role in dirarrea/death case of donkey foal. Antibiotics sensitivity test showed significant susceptibility to DEC isolates were concentrated in Nor、EFT、ENR、CIP and AMK，while the isolates with severe antibiotic resistance was AM、 TE、APR、FFC、RL and CN. Multi-drug resistance was also observed. A total of 15 virulence gene fragments were determined from DEC(n=30) including OMPA (73%), safD (77%), traTa (73%), STa(67%), EAST1 (67%), astA (63%), kspII (60%), irp2 (73%), iucD (57%), eaeA (57%), VAT (47%), iss (33%), cva (27%), ETT2 (73%) and K88 (60%) respectively. More than 10 virulence genes from 9 of 30(30%)DEC strains were detected，while 6 of 30(20%)DEC strains detected 6 virulence factors. phylogenetic evolutionary tree of 16S rRNA gene from different isolates shows some variability. The original data volume obtained from the genome re-sequencing of DEC La18 was 2.55G and Genome framework sequencing was carried out to demonstrate the predicted functions and evolutionary direction and genetic relationships with other animal E.coli. ConclusionsThese findings provide firstly fundamental data that might be useful in further study of the role of DEC and provide a new understanding of the hazards of traditional colibacillosis due to the appear of new production models.

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Animal EnterotoxigenicEscherichia coli

Cited by 226 publications

References 605 publications

Prevalence of enteric pathogens in diarrheic and non-diarrheic samples from pig farms with neonatal diarrhea in the North East of Spain

Prevalence of enteric pathogens in diarrheic and non-diarrheic samples from pig farms with neonatal diarrhea in the North East of Spain

Post weaning diarrhea in pigs: risk factors and non-colistin-based control strategies

First Detection of PathogenicEscherichia coliIsolates Associated With Donkey Foals’ Diarrhea in Northern China

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