Associations Between Anti-Microbial Resistance Phenotypes, Anti-Microbial Resistance Genotypes and Virulence Genes ofEscherichia coliIsolates from Pakistan and China

Abstract

Summary The objective of this study was to determine the association between phenotypic resistance, genotypic resistance and virulence genes of Escherichia coli isolates in Jiangsu province, China and Punjab province Pakistan. A total of 62 E. coli isolates were characterized for phenotypic resistance, genotypic resistance and virulence factor genes. The anti‐microbial resistance phenotype and genotypes in relation to virulence factor genes were assessed by statistical analysis. Of 20 tested virulence genes, twelve were found and eight were not found in any isolates. sitA and TspE4C2 were the most prevalent virulence genes. Of the 13 anti‐microbial agents tested, resistance to ampicillin, sulphonamide and tetracycline was the most frequent. All isolates were multiresistant, and 74% were resistant to trimethoprim and sulphamethaxazole. Phenotypically, tetracycline‐, cefotaxime‐ and trimethoprim‐resistant isolates had increased virulence factors as compared with susceptible isolates. Genotypically, resistant genes Tem, ctx‐M, Tet, Sul 1, dhfr1, Cat2 and flo‐R showed the association with the virulence genes. Almost all classes of anti‐microbial‐resistant genes have a high association with virulence. Resistant isolates have more virulent genes than the susceptible isolates.

Molecular Analysis of Escherichia coli Strains Causing Respiratory Troubles in Chickens in Egypt

“…The presence of oxacillin and ceftriaxone resistance could be attributed to the transfer of antibiotic resistance from other host to poultry due to lack of biosecurity. All tested APEC were resistant to amoxicillin (100%), similar results were reported [16,48]. Amoxicillinclavulanic acid resistance was 83.6% which is lower than other researcher [33] who reported 100% resistance.…”

“…In this study the resistance to oxacillin (100%) was higher than that recorded by Ahmed et al [47] who detected resistance rate of 78.1% among the recovered E. coli from broilers in Egypt. Resistance to ceftriaxone was 43.6% which is higher than recorded by Yaqoob et al [16] who recorded 11 % ceftriaxone resistance. The presence of oxacillin and ceftriaxone resistance could be attributed to the transfer of antibiotic resistance from other host to poultry due to lack of biosecurity.…”

“…The rate of detection of blaTEM among the tested isolates was 87.3% which is in agreement with Awad et al [11] who recorded blaTEM gene in 87.9% of the tested APEC isolates. The prevalence of J, Volume 47, Number 2, p. 168-182 [47]; Yaqoob et al, [16]; Tong et al [49] respectively.…”

“…Extendedspectrum cephalosporins, as ceftiofur and cefquinome are approved in China for animal use [15]. TEM, tet, dhfr1, Sul-1, CTX-M, cat2 and flo-R were APEC resistance genes against amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, tetracycline, trimethoprim, sulphonamide, cephotaxime, chloramphenicol and florphenicol in chickens respectively [16]. The aim of this study is to characterize APEC strains causing respiratory troubles in chickens in different localities in Egypt..…”

Spatial molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant and New Delhi metallo beta-lactamase (blaNDM)-producingEscherichia coliin the piglets of organized farms in India

“…Occurrence of virulence genes in 56·50% carbapenem resistant E. coli observed in the study is in agreement with Yaqoob et al . (). However, Ghatak et al .…”