Plasma metabolite and hormone concentrations in Friesian calves of low or high genetic merit: effects of sex and age

Min, Seok-Hong; McCutcheon, S. N.; Mackenzie, D. D. S.; Wickham, B. W.

doi:10.1017/s0003356100006127

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Plasma concentrations of glucose and insulin were determined as described by Min, McCutcheon, Mackenzie and Wickham (1993). Plasma progesterone concentrations were analysed by the radioimmunoassay method of Kirkwood, Lapwood, Smith and Anderson (1984) with intra-and interassay coefficients of variation proportionately 0-063 and 0-137 of the mean.…”

Section: Chemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreatic insulin responses to exogenous glucose in Friesian heifers of low or high genetic merit for milk-fat yield

et al. 1993

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Two studies were conducted to examine the effects of selection for milk-fat yield on pancreatic responses to exogenous glucose, as measured by circulating insulin concentrations following an intravenous glucose load, in heifer calves. The first study involved 6-month-old Friesian heifers, eight each from the Massey University high breeding index (HBI) and low breeding index (LBI) lines. Average breeding indices (BI) for milk-fat yield of the calves based on ancestry BI were 136 (s.d. 2) and 112 (s.d. 2), respectively. Oestrous cycling of the heifers was controlled by intravaginal insertion of progesterone-impregnated controlled internal drug-releasing devices (CIDRs). Challenges of glucose (0, 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg live weight) and insulin (0, 0-1, 1, and 10 fig/kg live weight) were administered via indwelling jugular cannulas and were followed by serial blood sampling to measure responses. Plasma insulin concentrations immediately following the glucose challenge were significantly (P < 0-05) greater in HBI than in LBI heifers, peak insulin concentrations (above baseline) in the HBI group being approximately twice those in the LBI group. Plasma glucose concentrations were marginally lower in HBI heifers, probably due to the secondary effect of the relatively greater hyperinsulinaemia in this group. Although the exogenous insulin challenge significantly reduced circulating glucose concentrations in all heifers, there was no difference between the lines in the magnitude of insulin-induced hypoglycaemia.The second study was designed to determine whether insulin responses to an exogenous glucose load were influenced by stage of the oestrous cycle in heifers of the two lines. In this study, eight yearling HBI heifers and eight LBI heifers (with BI of 135 (s.d. 4) and 111 (s.d. 1) respectively) were administered an intravenous glucose load (150 mg/kg live weight) on tivo occasions, the first being after 17 days of CIDR treatment (simulating the luteal phase of the oestrous cycle) and the second 46 h after withdrawal of the CIDRs (when the heifers were expected to be in oestrus). HBI heifers again showed significantly greater circulating insulin concentrations than LBI heifers following the glucose challenge but the magnitude of this effect was not influenced by time relative to CIDR withdrawal. It is concluded that heifers selected for high milk-fat yield have an increased pancreatic response to exogenous glucose which is apparently independent of the stage of the oestrous cycle. This difference may provide a useful means of identifying heifers of superior genetic merit for milk-fat production prior to their first lactation.

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Section: Chemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreatic insulin responses to exogenous glucose in Friesian heifers of low or high genetic merit for milk-fat yield

et al. 1993

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“…Este fato também é relatado por Kurz e Willett 13 que, adicionalmente afirmaram que os rins assumem também o controle do balanço hidroeletrolítico. Em razão disto, a grande maioria dos trabalhos comprovaram a influência do fator etário sobre os níveis de uréia sérica, principalmente no período neonatal através de uma diminuição em seus valores3,13,14,19 , e mais recentemente20 , refletindo a crescente melhoria da eficiência da função renal com o evoluir da idade.A diferenças encontradas na comparação com resultados de outras pesquisas pode ser justificada pela grande sensibilidade dos níveis de uréia a fatores de manejo como a nutrição. Segundo Ruppanner et al21 e Quigley e Bernard 22 , os níveis de uréia sanguínea além de sofrerem influência do fator etário também se alteram em função da ingestão protéica, concordando com as afirmações de Lumsden, Mullen e Rowe 23 , que encontraram valores de uréia sérica superiores para os animais de um a 14 dias de vida quando comparados aos observados obtidos nesta pesquisa, e Min et al 19 , que estudaram bezerros de três a cinco meses e de sete meses de idade por 12 horas.…”

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Parâmetros bioquímicos para avaliação da função renal e do equilíbrio hidroeletrolítico em bezerras sadias, da raça Holandesa, no primeiro mês de vida

Benesi

Coelho

Leal

et al. 2005

Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci.

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ResumoPara o estabelecimento dos valores de referência de variáveis bioquímicas utilizadas na avaliação da função renal e do equilíbrio hidroeletrolítico de bezerras sadias, da raça Holandesa, no primeiro mês de vida, utilizou-se amostras de soro sangüíneo de 300 animais, distribuídos por 15 grupos experimentais, de acordo com o tempo de vida pós-nascimento. Considerou-se na análise dos resultados a influência do fator etário. As concentrações de uréia sérica apresentaram oscilações, atingindo um valor máximo nos animais com 4 dias de vida (31,85 mg/dl), seguindo com queda significativa, alcançando a taxa mínima nos bezerros com 15 a 20 dias de vida. De forma semelhante, a taxa de creatinina sérica foi maior nos grupos de animais mais jovens (grupo 1 -2,65 mg/dl), evoluindo com declínio progressivo até atingir valor mínimo nos animais mais velhos (grupo 15 -1,28 mg/dl). As taxas do sódio tiveram pequenas oscilações até 15 dias de vida quando ocorreu o valor mínimo (125,9 mEq/l); a seguir houve aumento significativo com taxa máxima nos animais com 20 a 25 dias (141,5 mEq/l). Quanto ao potássio sérico, o valor mínimo foi detectado nos animais mais jovens (grupo 1 -4,30 mEq/l), seguido por aumento significativo e até atingir o maior valor nos grupos de animais com 5 a 9 dias de vida (5,27 mEq/l). A influência do fator etário provou-se significativa para praticamente todos os constituintes bioquímicos estudados, com exceção da determinação de cloreto sérico. IntroduçãoO período neonatal, compreendendo os primeiros 30 dias de vida, representa uma fase decisiva da vida dos bezerros em que se observam significativas modificações no seu sistema orgânico, caracterizadas por profundas alterações fisiológicas, que são determinadas pela necessidade de adaptação ao meio externo e pelo rápido crescimento corporal 1 . Devido a essas múltiplas exigências, caracteriza-se como uma fase delicada da vida desses neonatos, tornando-os mais susceptíveis às doenças, havendo autores como Benesi 2 e Fagliari et al. 3 que destacam ser este período o de maior mortalidade de bezerros recém-nascidos, representando uma das principais perdas econômicas da atividade agropecuária. Porém, a análise desses prejuízos permite verificar que as perdas não se restringem às mortes, mas também advém dos gastos com tratamentos e manejo especial dos animais doentes, dos honorários profissionais, do desenvolvimento retardado dos neonatos sobreviventes e, em se tratando de fazendas produtoras de leite, do fato de que a boa criação particularmente das bezerras é imprescindível, pois quando adultas deverão substituir no rebanho, como matrizes, as vacas improdutivas ou de baixa produção 4 .O conhecimento do perfil bioquímico

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“…Many authors investigated the relationship between milk production and the plasma NEFA concentration in fast. The relationship was either positive 18,20 or absent 7,11,12,19,23 . This discrepancy could be due to the low heritability of plasma NEFA concentration 16 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If some traits were significantly correlated with milk production and could be easily measured in calves, selection to shorten the generation interval and accelerate the rate of genetic improvements might become easier 18,20 . Many authors suggested that milk production traits are associated with plasma metabolite concentrations in fast 7,11,12,[18][19][20]23 . Maximum degree of physiological lipolysis was observed when the energy intake was restricted.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Plasma Metabolite Concentrations after Glucose Injection to Predict the Genetic Ability of Milk Production in Young Calves

Sasaki

Yamamoto

Togashi

et al. 2003

JARQ

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The objective of this study was to identify useful secondary traits to improve the prediction of the genetic ability of milk production in dairy cattle. Thirty-seven Holstein calves were injected with glucose at the rate of 0.15 g/kg body weight after 24 h fast. A total of 566 milk records in 238 Holstein cows were collected. Plasma glucose concentration reached a peak 10 min after the injection. The concentrations of plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and total ketone decreased 20 and 30 min after the injection, respectively. The collected blood samples were classified into 3 time groups: T1, 10 to 30 min; T2, 40 to 60 min; and T3, 70 to 90 min after the glucose injection. Heritability estimates of the plasma glucose, NEFA and total ketone concentrations ranged from 0.60 to 0.97 among the 3 time groups (T1, T2, and T3). Genetic correlation between the plasma glucose concentration and milk yield ranged from 0.50 to 0.76 in T1, T2 and T3. Genetic correlation between plasma glucose concentration and fat yield in T1 and T2 was -0.43 and -0.35, respectively. Genetic correlations between plasma NEFA or total ketone concentrations and milk production ranged from -0.22 to -0.97. The use of the concentrations of plasma metabolites increased the reliability of breeding values for animals without milk records by 7.7 to 122.9%, suggesting that the determination of the concentrations of plasma metabolites may improve the accuracy of prediction of the genetic ability of milk production traits. The combination of fast and glucose injection provides a suitable technique for generating plasma metabolites to predict the genetic merit of milk production in dairy cattle.

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Plasma metabolite and hormone concentrations in Friesian calves of low or high genetic merit: effects of sex and age

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

Pancreatic insulin responses to exogenous glucose in Friesian heifers of low or high genetic merit for milk-fat yield

Pancreatic insulin responses to exogenous glucose in Friesian heifers of low or high genetic merit for milk-fat yield

Parâmetros bioquímicos para avaliação da função renal e do equilíbrio hidroeletrolítico em bezerras sadias, da raça Holandesa, no primeiro mês de vida

Use of Plasma Metabolite Concentrations after Glucose Injection to Predict the Genetic Ability of Milk Production in Young Calves

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