Plasma insulin and carbohydrate metabolism after sucrose ingestion during rest and prolonged aerobic exericise

Benadé, A. J. S.; Wyndham, C. H.; Jansen, C. R.; Rogers, G. G.; Bruin, E. J. P. De

doi:10.1007/bf00591369

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…There were no changes in R, FFA, or lactate values in spite of the elevated blood sugar after the feeding, suggesting that glycolysis was not enhanced. This is in contrast to previous studies utilizing more concentrated carbohydrate solutions (2,4,5). It may be suggested, therefore, that as long as muscle glycogen is available and FFA oxidation is high, ingestion of small amounts of glucose will not enhance muscular carbohydrate oxidation.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 68%

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Fate of¹⁴C Glucose Ingested During Prolonged Exercise*

Handel¹,

Fink²,

Branam³

et al. 1980

Int J Sports Med

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 68%

“…In the absence of hypoglycemia and/or glycogen depletion concurrent with high rates of fat oxidation, it makes little sense to ingest a high carbohydrate load, especially if this results in an insulin response (9) or in increased lactate production (4,5).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fate of¹⁴C Glucose Ingested During Prolonged Exercise*

Handel¹,

Fink²,

Branam³

et al. 1980

Int J Sports Med

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“…Sucrose and other carbohydrate sources are known to influence the RQ value. [39][40][41] Our preclinical data showing changes in glucose tolerance preceding hyperglycaemia are compatible with alterations in glucose tolerance predicting the likelihood of T1D onset in humans. 42 In addition, HF diet could promote chronic low-grade inflammation that exacerbates the disease factors associated with autoimmunity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

“…Sucrose is low to absent from traditional unrefined diets, including those used in the present study (Figure 2A‐C). Sucrose and other carbohydrate sources are known to influence the RQ value 39–41 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accelerated onset of diabetes in non‐obese diabetic mice fed a refined high‐fat diet

Batdorf,

Lawes,

Cassagne

et al. 2024

Diabetes Obesity Metabolism

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AimType 1 diabetes results from autoimmune events influenced by environmental variables, including changes in diet. This study investigated how feeding refined versus unrefined (aka ‘chow’) diets affects the onset and progression of hyperglycaemia in non‐obese diabetic (NOD) mice.MethodsFemale NOD mice were fed either unrefined diets or matched refined low‐ and high‐fat diets. The onset of hyperglycaemia, glucose tolerance, food intake, energy expenditure, circulating insulin, liver gene expression and microbiome changes were measured for each dietary group.ResultsNOD mice consuming unrefined (chow) diets developed hyperglycaemia at similar frequencies. By contrast, mice consuming the defined high‐fat diet had an accelerated onset of hyperglycaemia compared to the matched low‐fat diet. There was no change in food intake, energy expenditure, or physical activity within each respective dietary group. Microbiome changes were driven by diet type, with chow diets clustering similarly, while refined low‐ and high‐fat bacterial diversity also grouped closely. In the defined dietary cohort, liver gene expression changes in high‐fat‐fed mice were consistent with a greater frequency of hyperglycaemia and impaired glucose tolerance.ConclusionGlucose intolerance is associated with an enhanced frequency of hyperglycaemia in female NOD mice fed a defined high‐fat diet. Using an appropriate matched control diet is an essential experimental variable when studying changes in microbiome composition and diet as a modifier of disease risk.

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“…Benadé et al (1973a,b), qui travaillaient à la Chambre des Mines d'Afrique du Sud, s'intéressaient à des problèmes d'ergonomie. Ils avaient observé qu'au cours d'un exercice de 6 heures effectué à 47%VO 2 max (avec 10 min de repos par heure), l'ingestion de 100 g de saccharose après trois heures d'exercice se traduisait par une augmentation marquée de l'oxydation des glucides au cours des deux heures suivantes (Benadé et al, 1973b). La question était de savoir si cela correspondait à l'oxydation de glucides endogènes ou du saccharose administré.…”

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Sélection des substrats lors de l’exercice prolongé avec ingestion de glucides : études par traçage au ¹³C

Tremblay¹

2011

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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cides et davantage de lipides que les hommes. Les effets séparés d'une alimentation riche v en glucides ou de l'ingestion de glucose pendant l'exercice sur la sélection des substrats furent pourtant similaires chez les deux sexes. L'effet combiné des deux procédures de supplémentation est toutefois plus important chez la femme que chez l'homme, soutenant l'hypothèse qu'un léger déficit en glucides soit présent chez les femmes.Dans la troisième étude, l'oxydation des substrats et particulièrement celle d'amidon exogène au cours d'une marche prolongée à une faible puissance de travail a été décrite.Les individus qui pratiquent des activités physiques prolongées à des intensités faibles (< 40 %VO 2 max) sont encouragés à ingérer des glucides et de l'eau pendant l'effort, mais la contribution de leur oxydation à la fourniture d'énergie est relativement peu connue.Nous avons montré que, contrairement aux observations précédemment effectuées à jeun sans ingestion de glucides pendant l'effort, les glucides (incluant de source exogène) peuvent fournir une très grande partie de l'énergie lorsqu'ils sont ingérés à des intervalles réguliers au cours de l'exercice prolongé.Dans l'ensemble, les résultats des études expérimentales présentées dans cette thèse montrent que les glucides ingérés peuvent fournir une grande proportion de l'énergie pendant l'exercice prolongé. Toutefois, le mode d'exercice, le sexe et la puissance de travail mènent à des variations qui sont en grande partie liées à une dépense énergé-tique variable selon les conditions et les groupes d'individus ayant des caractéristiques différentes.Mots clés: calorimétrie indirecte respiratoire, sexe, mode d'exercice, marche. ABSTRACTThe main substrates oxidized during prolonged exercise, whether carbohydrates, fats or proteins, do not contribute equally to the energy supply. In addition, glucose can originate from different endogenous (muscle, liver) and exogenous sources. Many factors can affect their respective contribution including: active muscle mass, training, sex, nutritional state and environmental conditions. The use of stable isotopes, such as carbon 13 ( 13 C), combined with indirect respiratory calorimetry corrected for urea excretion in urine and sweat, allows the differentiation of endogenous and exogenous substrates and the estimation of their contribution to the energy yield.These methods, allowing the measurement of fuel selection during prolonged exercise with glucose ingestion, enabled the comparisons found in the three experimental studies part of this thesis. In the first study, fuel selection was compared during prolonged upper-and lower-body exercise with or without glucose ingestion. The difference in fuel selection between upper-and lower-body exercise when water was ingested was modest with a slightly higher reliance on carbohydrate oxidation during upper-body exercise. The amount of exogenous glucose oxidized was lower but its contribution to the energy yield was higher during upper-body exercise due to the lower energy expenditure.In t...

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Plasma insulin and carbohydrate metabolism after sucrose ingestion during rest and prolonged aerobic exericise

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Fate of¹⁴C Glucose Ingested During Prolonged Exercise*

Fate of¹⁴C Glucose Ingested During Prolonged Exercise*

Accelerated onset of diabetes in non‐obese diabetic mice fed a refined high‐fat diet

Sélection des substrats lors de l’exercice prolongé avec ingestion de glucides : études par traçage au ¹³C

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Plasma insulin and carbohydrate metabolism after sucrose ingestion during rest and prolonged aerobic exericise

Cited by 10 publications

References 31 publications

Fate of14C Glucose Ingested During Prolonged Exercise*

Fate of14C Glucose Ingested During Prolonged Exercise*

Accelerated onset of diabetes in non‐obese diabetic mice fed a refined high‐fat diet

Sélection des substrats lors de l’exercice prolongé avec ingestion de glucides : études par traçage au 13C

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Fate of¹⁴C Glucose Ingested During Prolonged Exercise*

Fate of¹⁴C Glucose Ingested During Prolonged Exercise*

Sélection des substrats lors de l’exercice prolongé avec ingestion de glucides : études par traçage au ¹³C