Plasma Free and Sulfoconjugated Dopamine before and after a Half-Marathon

Plasma renin activity could be a useful predictor of left ventricular hypertrophy in essential hypertensives

“…Additionally, we found a correlation between free PNA and SBP only in males (r = 0.37, P Ͻ 0.01), although much of the noradrenaline derived in the circulation was sulfoconjugated form. 27,28 These results suggest that TC level may be influenced by PNA in males more than in females. PNA was also reported to be influenced not only by the level of efferent sympathetic activity, but also by clearance of noradrenaline.…”

The effects of moderate and vigorous exercise on desire to smoke, withdrawal symptoms and mood in abstaining young adult smokers

“…Moreover, studies showing a benefit for exercise in increasing rates of smoking cessation have tended to use vigorous intensity exercise (Ussher, 2005), while studies examining the effect of an acute bout of exercise on desire to smoke and withdrawal symptoms in abstaining smokers have tended to use moderate intensity bouts of exercise (see Taylor et al, 2007). In addition, vigorous rather than moderate intensity exercise has been shown to trigger the release of dopamine (Meeusen et al, 2001;Sakai et al, 1995) and endogenous opioids (Angelopoulos, 2001;Goldfarb & Jamurtas, 1997); neurotransmitters that are known to enhance mood, and which are also stimulated by smoking (Brody et al, 2004;Pomerleau, 1998). In addition, low cortisol following smoking cessation has been associated with increased tobacco cravings, withdrawal symptoms and relapse to smoking (Steptoe & Ussher, 2006) and it is possible that vigorous exercise is more effective than moderate intensity exercise for counteracting low cortisol (Allgrove, Gomes, Hough, & Gleeson, 2008).…”

Mild exercise activates renal dopamine system in mild hypertensives

“…24 Sulfoconjugated CAs were obtained by subtracting free CAs from total CAs. We used a pH of 7.6 for AS deconjugation, which we have found to be optimal, 25 rather than pH 8.3, which was used in previous studies. 24,26 Urinary CAs were measured at weeks 0, 1, 2, and 4 in both groups.…”