Plasma renin activity could be a useful predictor of left ventricular hypertrophy in essential hypertensives

Koga, Monji; Sasaguri, Manabu; Miura, Shin‐ichiro; Tashiro, E; Kinoshita, Akio; Ideishi, Munehito; Arakawa, Kikuo

doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1000612

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…These results demonstrate that aliskiren is a highly effective oral renin inhibitor and confirm previous findings that the reactive rise in PRC does not compromise the ability of aliskiren to suppress the activity of renin [12, 13]. The ability of aliskiren to inhibit PRA is likely to be of clinical relevance, as studies have shown that elevated levels of PRA are associated with end organ damage and an increased risk of myocardial infarction in patients with hypertension [6–8], probably due to the increase in Ang II levels associated with increased PRA.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…However, ACE inhibitors and ARBs only partially suppress the RAAS, because they stimulate a compensatory increase in plasma renin activity (PRA), which may ultimately lead to increased levels of Ang II [5]. Indeed, increased levels of PRA have been associated with end organ damage and poorer clinical outcomes in patients with hypertension [6–8], probably due to the increase in Ang II levels associated with elevated PRA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aliskiren, a novel orally effective renin inhibitor, exhibits similar pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in Japanese and Caucasian subjects

Vaidyanathan

Jermany

Yeh

et al. 2006

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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Aims Aliskiren is the first in a new class of orally effective renin inhibitors for the treatment of hypertension. This study compared the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of aliskiren in Japanese and Caucasian subjects. Methods In this open‐label, single‐centre, parallel‐group, single‐ and multiple‐dose study, 19 Japanese and 19 Caucasian healthy young male subjects received a single 300‐mg oral dose of aliskiren on day 1 and then aliskiren 300 mg once daily on days 4–10. Blood samples were collected for the measurement of plasma aliskiren concentration, plasma renin concentration (PRC) and plasma renin activity (PRA). Results Pharmacokinetic parameters were comparable in Japanese and Caucasian subjects following administration of a single dose of aliskiren {ratio of geometric means: Cmax 1.12 [90% confidence interval (CI) 0.88, 1.43]; AUC0−72 h 1.19 [90% CI 1.02, 1.39]} and at steady state [mean ratio: Cmax 1.30 (90% CI 1.00, 1.70); AUC0–τ 1.16 (90% CI 0.95, 1.41)]. There was no notable difference in the plasma half‐life of aliskiren between Japanese and Caucasian groups (29.7 ± 10.2 h and 32.0 ± 6.6 h, respectively). At steady state, peak PRC level and AUC for the concentration–time plot were not significantly different between Japanese and Caucasian subjects (P = 0.64 and P = 0.80, respectively). A single oral dose of aliskiren significantly reduced PRA to a similar extent in Japanese and Caucasian subjects (by 87.5% and 85.7%, respectively, compared with baseline; P < 0.01). Aliskiren was well tolerated by both ethnic groups. Conclusions The oral renin inhibitor aliskiren demonstrated similar pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties in Japanese and Caucasian subjects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aliskiren, a novel orally effective renin inhibitor, exhibits similar pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in Japanese and Caucasian subjects

Vaidyanathan

Jermany

Yeh

et al. 2006

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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“…There are data that suggest a causal link between circulating renin and the underlying factors leading to HFpEF. High renin levels can increase left ventricular mass (Koga et al, 1998[ 58 ]) either directly or through increases in aldosterone levels (Edelmann et al, 2012[ 27 ]). Renin has also been linked to myocardial fibrosis (Nguyen and Danser, 2008[ 78 ]).…”

Section: Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the adverse outcome of subtypes of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction defined by machine learning: a systematic review focused on defining high risk phenogroups

Rabkin

2022

EXCLI Journal; 21:Doc487; ISSN 1611-2156

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The ability to distinguish clinically meaningful subtypes of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has recently been examined by machine learning techniques but studies appear to have produced discordant results. The objective of this study is to synthesize the types of HFpEF by examining their features and relating them to phenotypes with adverse prognosis. A systematic search was conducted using the search terms “Diastolic Heart Failure” OR “heart failure with preserved ejection fraction” OR “heart failure with normal ejection fraction” OR “HFpEF” AND “machine learning” OR “artificial intelligence” OR 'computational biology'. Ten studies were identified and they varied in their prevalence of ten clinical variables: age, sex, body mass index (BMI) or obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or symptom severity (NYHA class or BNP). The clinical findings associated with the different phenotypes in > 85 % of studies were age, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease and worse symptoms severity; an adverse outcome was in 65 % to 85 % of studies identified diabetes mellitus and female sex and in less than 65 % of studies was body mass index or obesity, and coronary artery disease. COPD was a relevant factor in only 33 % of studies. Adverse clinical outcome - death or admission to hospital (for heart failure) defined phenogroups with the worst outcome. Combining the 4 studies that calculated the MAGGIC score showed a significant (p<0.05) linear relationship between MAGGIC score and outcome, using the one-year event rate. A new score based on strength of the evidence of the HFpEF studies analyzed here, using 9 variables (eliminating COPD), showed a significant (p<0.009) linear relationship with one-year event rate. Three studies examined biomarkers in detail and the ones most prominently related to outcome or consistently found in the studies were GDF15, FABP4, FGF23, sST2, renin and TNF. The dominant factors that identified phenotypes of HFpEF with adverse outcome were hypertension, atrial fibrillation, chronic kidney disease and worse symptoms severity. A new simplified score, based on clinical factors, was proposed to assess prognosis in HFpEF. Several biomarkers were consistently elevated in phenogroups with adverse outcomes and may indicate the underlying mechanism or pathophysiology specific for phenotypes with an adverse prognosis.

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“…Выраженность поражения органов мишеней, в частности ремоделирования левых отделов сердца, почечной дисфункции в зависимости от ренинового профиля изучалась в различных ра-ботах. Множественный регрессионный анализ, предпринятый M. Koga et al (1998) показал, что высокая активность ренина плазмы является предиктором электрокардиографических признаков ГЛЖ как у мужчин, так и у женщин с АГ [31]. данные собственных наблюдений за пациентами с гипертензией, показали, что индексированные по площади поверхности тела масса миокарда левого желудочка и объем левого предсердия, находились в прямой взаимосвязи с концентрацией ангиотензина I и альдостерона в крови [32,33].…”

Section: резюмеunclassified

НIGH-RENIN HYPERTENSIONS: FROM SYMPTOM TO dIAGNOSIS

Барсуков

Korneychuk

Шустов

2017

HERALD of North-Western State Medical University named after I.

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The article highlights the current understanding of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system function- ing, as well as mechanisms for blood pressure raising depending on its activity. Authors presented data on the prevalence and characteristics of arterial hypertension with high levels of renin. Along with high-renin essential hypertension authors considered secondary arterial hypertensions accompanied by high-renin status increasing the diagnostic value of this hormone determination and explains the fea- tures of pathophysiological processes occurring in patients’ organism. Authors proved the importance of renin status diagnostic studies allowing defining a successful strategy of antihypertensive therapy.

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Plasma renin activity could be a useful predictor of left ventricular hypertrophy in essential hypertensives

Cited by 5 publications

References 34 publications

Aliskiren, a novel orally effective renin inhibitor, exhibits similar pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in Japanese and Caucasian subjects

Aliskiren, a novel orally effective renin inhibitor, exhibits similar pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in Japanese and Caucasian subjects

Evaluating the adverse outcome of subtypes of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction defined by machine learning: a systematic review focused on defining high risk phenogroups

НIGH-RENIN HYPERTENSIONS: FROM SYMPTOM TO dIAGNOSIS

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