Plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition of Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>thin films

Ramachandran, Ranjith Karuparambil; Dendooven, Jolien; Botterman, Jonas; Sree, Sreeprasanth Pulinthanathu; Poelman, Dirk; Martens, Johan A.; Poelman, Hilde; Detavernier, Christophe

doi:10.1039/c4ta05007j

Cited by 83 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(125 reference statements)

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“…These two FePO 4 nanomaterial have similar diameter, but own different properties. In addition to this work, Liu et al improved the experimental manipulation and successfully synthesized FePO 4 /carbonized polyaniline nanorods . The SEM image of FePO 4 /carbonized polyaniline nanorod composite is shown in Figure g.…”

Section: Synthetic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Since the FePO 4 was discovered as a potential electrode material for lithium and sodium batteries, many scientists have used different methods to synthesis FePO 4 nano/micromaterials …”

Section: Synthetic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cai et al also characterized porous amorphous FePO 4 nanotubes and the discharge capacity and cycle number of the porous amorphous FePO 4 at C/5 are shown in Figure d. After 35 cycles, the porous amorphous FePO 4 nanotube electrodes can continue to deliver a decent capacity of 130.3 mA g −1 …”

Section: Lithium Batterymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lithium Batterymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of Iron Phosphate and Their Composites for Lithium/Sodium Ion Batteries

Shao

Wei

et al. 2018

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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As the energy crisis turning out to be more and more serious, an interest in renewable energy sources is also increasing. [3] Researchers around the world have been devoting themselves to developing a high-performance electric energy storage material [4] to meet the demand for ecofriendly, sustainable, and low-cost energy. Among several kinds of electrical energy storage systems, lithiumion batteries have been developed as largescale energy storage units [5] and energy storage medium in electric vehicles, [6] smart grids, and other clean energy systems such as solar and wind since 1990s. [7] The lithium ion battery is identified as one of the ideal candidates to meet these requirements due to its desired energy density, superior voltage, and light weight. [8] However, extensive application of lithium ion batteries faces challenges related to the availability and cost of lithium. Scientists have their eyes on making sodium ion batteries as an alternative, because sodium is more abundant than lithium. Except that, it is also cheaper and easy to recover. [9] So nowadays, studying new kinds of electrode materials for lithium ion batteries and sodium ion batteries can be a rewarding work.During the last few decades, LiFePO 4 has attracted much attention, which was reported as a positive electrode for rechargeable lithium ion batteries first by Good-enough and co-workers in 1990s. [10] Nowadays, thousands of research publications have been authored on LiFePO 4 , [11] such as graphene-encapsulated LiFePO 4 composite, [12] pure LiFePO 4 , and LiFePO 4 /C, [13] 3D porous LiFePO 4 , [14] olivine LiFePO 4 , [15] mesoporous carboncoated LiFePO 4 , [16] graphene-modified LiFePO 4 , [17] LiFePO 4 / reduced graphene oxide hybrid, [18] and so on. LiFePO 4 owns favorable kinetics of the lithium intercalation/deintercalation process [19,20] and its nanocrystal size and shape can be easily controlled, [21] especially when it is complexed with carbon-based materials or other elements, the electrochemical properties of the composite material can be greatly improved. [22,23] It also has advantages of atop safety, environmental friendliness, affordability, as well as its comparatively reasonable electrochemical performance. [24][25][26][27] Until now, many researchers have examined LiFePO 4 as next generation cathode material. [28] Since FePO 4 also shows intrinsically poor ionic and electrical conductivity, small tap density which influences its electrochemical performance, [29] LiFePO 4 will not be further discussed in this article.High-performance electric energy storage material has recently developed due to the attention for sustainable development. As ecofriendly energy storage device, lithium ion batteries and sodium ion batteries deserve more concern today. FePO 4 and NaFePO 4 share similar advantages such as easy preparation, abundant, and inexpensive, so they can be ideal materials for lithium/sodium ion batteries. This review is focused on recent progresses in nanostructured FePO 4 /NaFePO 4 -based nanomaterial as cathode ma...

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Section: Synthetic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Since the FePO 4 was discovered as a potential electrode material for lithium and sodium batteries, many scientists have used different methods to synthesis FePO 4 nano/micromaterials …”

Section: Synthetic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lithium Batterymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lithium Batterymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Synthesis of Iron Phosphate and Their Composites for Lithium/Sodium Ion Batteries

Shao

Wei

et al. 2018

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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“…In recent years, gallium oxide (Ga 2 O 3 ) has drawn increasing attention as a dielectric material owing to its superior dielectric properties such as high dielectric constant (9.9-10.2) [4], high breakdown strength (> 7 MV cm −1 ) [5], and high chemical and thermal stability. Ga 2 O 3 thin-films were successfully obtained on various foreign substrates using various techniques such as sputtering [6], atomic layer deposition [7,8], and oxidation [9,10]. Ga 2 O 3 /GaN MOS structures are of particular interest due to the fact that a few monolayers of native Ga 2 O 3 decorate the GaN surface because of the spontaneous termination of the Ga-atoms with oxygen [11,12], affecting the interface property between the oxide and underlying GaN.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study of temperature dependent current–voltage (I–V–T) characteristics in Ni/sol–gel β-Ga2O3/n-GaN structure

Gao

Kaya

Chopdekar

et al. 2018

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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β-Ga 2 O 3 thin films were grown on n-type GaN substrates using the sol-gel method. The forward-biased temperature dependent current-voltage (I-V-T) characteristics of Ni/β-Ga 2 O 3 /GaN structure have been investigated in the temperature range of 298-473 K. The apparent barrier height (ap) increased while the ideality factor (n) decreased with the increase in temperature. Such a temperature dependent behavior of ap and n was explained by the inhomogeneity of ap , which obeyed Gaussian distribution with zero-bias mean barrier height (̄B 0) of 1.02 ± 0.02 eV and standard deviation (s0) of 153 ± 0.04 mV. Subsequently, ̄B 0 and Richardson constant A * were obtained from the slope and intercept of the modified Richardson plot as 0.99 ± 0.01 e V and 67.2 A cm −2 K −2 , respectively. The ̄B 0 obtained from the modified Richardson plot was in good agreement with the theoretical value calculated from the work function of Ni and electron affinity of β-Ga 2 O 3. The I-V-T characteristics of Ni/β-Ga 2 O 3 /GaN MOS structures can be successfully explained by the thermionic emission theory with a single Gaussian distribution of the barrier height.

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High Hall Mobility P‐type Cu₂SnS₃‐Ga₂O₃ with a High Work Function

Kim

Cho

et al. 2018

Adv Funct Materials

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A new transparent p-type oxide semiconductor (POS) is reported, Cu 2 SnS 3 -Ga 2 O 3 , having high Hall mobility of 36.22 cm 2 V −1 s −1 , and high work function of 5.17 eV. The existence of Cu 2 SnS 3 and Ga 2 O 3 phases in the film is confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results and the Cu 2 SnS 3 shows polycrystalline structure according to Raman spectrum and X-ray diffraction analysis. The transparent Cu 2 SnS 3 -Ga 2 O 3 exhibits the carrier concentration of 5.86 × 10 16 cm −3 , and electrical resistivity of 1.94 Ω·cm. The transparent POS is applied to green quantum light-emitting diodes (QLEDs) as a hole injection layer (HIL) because of its high work function. The QLED exhibits the maximum current efficiency of 51.72 cd A −1 , power efficiency of 31.97 lm W −1 , and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 14.93%, which are much higher than the QLED using polyethylene dioxythophene:poly(styrenesulfonate) HIL exhibiting current efficiency of 42.66 cd A −1 , power efficiency of 20.33 lm W −1 , and EQE of 12.36%. The Cu 2 SnS 3 -Ga 2 O 3 developed in this work can be widely used as a transparent and conductive p-type oxide for thin-film devices.

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Plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition of Ga₂O₃thin films

Cited by 83 publications

References 71 publications

Synthesis of Iron Phosphate and Their Composites for Lithium/Sodium Ion Batteries

Synthesis of Iron Phosphate and Their Composites for Lithium/Sodium Ion Batteries

A study of temperature dependent current–voltage (I–V–T) characteristics in Ni/sol–gel β-Ga2O3/n-GaN structure

High Hall Mobility P‐type Cu₂SnS₃‐Ga₂O₃ with a High Work Function

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Plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition of Ga2O3thin films

Cited by 83 publications

References 71 publications

Synthesis of Iron Phosphate and Their Composites for Lithium/Sodium Ion Batteries

Synthesis of Iron Phosphate and Their Composites for Lithium/Sodium Ion Batteries

A study of temperature dependent current–voltage (I–V–T) characteristics in Ni/sol–gel β-Ga2O3/n-GaN structure

High Hall Mobility P‐type Cu2SnS3‐Ga2O3 with a High Work Function

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Plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition of Ga₂O₃thin films

High Hall Mobility P‐type Cu₂SnS₃‐Ga₂O₃ with a High Work Function