Plasma Apoprotein and Lipid Patterns in Newborns: Influence of Nutritional Factors

Biervliet, J.P. Van; Vinaimont, N; Caster, Hans; Vercaemst, R.; Rosseneu, Maryvonne

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1981.tb06238.x

Cited by 57 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Various studies have shown that diet affects the Apo B or LDL-cholesterol levels in older infants (8,18,27), but our data and that of Lane and McConathy (13) establish that in 3-to 5-day-old neonates whether the infant is breast-fed, formula-fed, or breast-fed with formula complement does not significantly influence Apo B levels. It has been well documented that certain perinatal factors do influence lipid levels (4, 5, 8, 9, 22).…”

Section: Diet and Other Variablescontrasting

confidence: 39%

Variables Affecting Apolipoprotein B Measurements in 3- to 5-Day-Old Babies: A Study of 4491 Neonates

1987

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ABSTRACT. To investigate the feasibility of establishing a neonatal screening program for familial type I1 hypercholesterolemia, we assayed apolipoprotein B (Apo B), using a radial immunodiffusion assay, in dried blood spot samples from 4491 consecutively born, 3-to 5-day-old neonates. We explored factors influencing levels at the time of sampling and factors associated with the handling of the dried blood spot samples before assay which could affect the assayed value. Assayed Apo B levels were distributed continuously and decreased with increasing delay and temperature of storage of the samples before assay. Female neonates had significantly higher mean Apo B levels than males (p < 0.0001), with their respective means 2 SD being 0.246 & 0.085 glliter (n = 2086) and 0.225 f 0.079 glliter of whole blood (n = 2390). In both sexes mean Apo B levels were significantly lower in low birth weight ( 5 2.5 kg) and in low gestational age ( r 36 wk)neonates. For neonates with birth weight > 2.5 kg and gestational age more than 36 wk, Apo B levels increased with increasing birth weight and gestational age. Sex, birth weight, and gestational age could account for 5.7% of the variability of Apo B. After adjustments for these variables, the neonate's age at sampling did not influence Apo B levels significantly. Apo B levels were not affected by different dietary regimens, whether breast-fed, formulafed, or breast-fed with formula complement. We concluded that dried blood spots should be stored frozen if there is to be any delay before assay and that although sex, birth weight, and gestational age contribute only a small amount to the variation in Apo B levels, their influence becomes important when determining a cut-off point for defining abnormal levels. (Pediatr Res 21: 608-614, 1987) Abbreviations FHII, familial type I1 hypercholesterolemia Apo B, apolipoprotein B LDL, low-density lipoprotein VLDL, very low-density lipoprotein R2, coefficient of multiple determination FHII is an autosomal dominantly inherited condition with an incidence of about one in 500 in the general population. It is characterized by elevated levels of LDL-cholesterol and the pre- Supported by the National Heart Foundation and the Ramaciotti Foundations.mature development of atherosclerosis, with myocardial infarction commonly occurring by the 4th or 5th decade of life. FHII is the most frequent inborn error of metabolism with serious consequences, and a neonatal screening program capable of detecting infants with FHII would provide prospects for the prevention of atherosclerosis by identifying young families at risk. A recent report from the Bogalusa Heart Study (1) showed a strong relationship between antemortem levels of LDL-cholesterol and the development of aortic fatty streaks in childhood. This supports the concept that atherosclerosis begins in childhood and suggests that primary prevention of atherosclerosis should begin early in life. Studies on the effects of cholesterollowering regimens in children have shown them to be safe, with growth...

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Section: Diet and Other Variablescontrasting

confidence: 39%

Variables Affecting Apolipoprotein B Measurements in 3- to 5-Day-Old Babies: A Study of 4491 Neonates

1987

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“…Cord-serum lipoproteins in our infants were as in normal term infants (36)(37)(38)(39)(40). In addition, cord-serum lipoproteins and apolipoproteins were similar in all three groups, although infants born to diabetic mothers have been reported to have higher cholesterol and lower triglyceride levels than normal term infants (41,42).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Postheparin Plasma Lipoprotein and Hepatic Lipase Activities in Hyperinsulinemic Infants of Diabetic Mothers and in Large-for-Date Infants at Birth

et al. 1986

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ABSTRACT. To study postheparin plasma lipase activities in nonfed newborn infants immediately after birth and to investigate the possible influence of fetal hyperinsulinemia on lipoprotein lipase activity, we measured lipoprotein and hepatic lipase activities in 55 macrosomic newborn infants: group I consisted of 21 infants born to mothers with insulindependent diabetes. The infants were hyperinsulinemic at birth and had hypoglycemia and poor lipolysis at the age of 2 h. Group I1 consisted of 18 infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes. Group I11 consisted of 16 largefor-date infants born to nondiabetic mothers. The mean postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase activities at 2 h of age were similar (mean 36 pmol free fatty acids/ml/h; SEM 15) in groups 1-111. Lipoprotein lipase activity correlated negatively with cord-serum triglycerides (range 0.13-1.2 mmol/liter) but did not correlate with serum insulin (range 5.4-524 pU/ml) or C-peptide (range 0.6-21.0 pgtliter). Hepatic lipase activity was somewhat higher in group I (mean 68 pmol free fatty acids/ml/h; SEM 23) than in groups I1 and I11 (mean 55 pmol free fatty acids/ml/h; SEM 14). Hemoglobin Alc was the only important factor explaining the difference in hepatic lipase activities between groups. Lipoproteins and apolipoproteins A-I, A-11, and B were similar in all three groups. We conclude that in large-for-date infants lipoprotein lipase is active at birth without exogenous fat induction, and that these infants are capable of hydrolyzing fat, their main source of energy, immediately after birth. In addition, we conclude that postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase activity is not affected by fetal hyperinsulinemia. (Pediafr Res 20: 527-531,1986) Abbreviations FFA, free fatty acids Hb, hemoglobin Soon after birth fat becomes the major metabolic fuel (1): breast-milk fat is readily absorbed through the bowel wall as chylomicrons and liver produces endogenous lipoproteins into

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“…We have applied this procedure to the quantitation of the lipoprotein profiles in newborns at 0, 7 and 30 days in order to obtain the compositional analysis of the various lipoprotein fractions. As previously shown (17,18) the lipoprotein patterns in newborns are profoundly modified during the first month of life when several synthetic and catabolic pathways are developing.…”

mentioning

confidence: 63%

Isolation and Characterization of Lipoprotein Profiles in Newborns by Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation

Rosseneu¹,

Biervliet²,

Bury³

et al. 1983

Pediatr Res

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Summarvborn infants were selected and neonates with history of chronic Lipoproteins in newborn plasma were isolated from a minimal sample amount (0.3 ml) by a single-step ultracentrifugation in a density gradient, spanning the density range 1.02-1.20 g/ml. After 66 h ultracentrifugation in a swinging-bucket rotor, the content of the tube was eluted and collected in 0.4 ml fractions. Cholesterol and apoproteins AI, AII, and B were assayed in each fraction yielding both the distribution and composition of the very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL2, and HDL3). Newborn plasma was characterized by a low amount of triglyceride-poor and cholesterol ester-rich VLDL and high content of HDLz and HDL3. The VLDL and LDL concentrations increased drastically between 0 and 7 days together with the triglyceride content of the VLDL.At 30 days the lipid composition of VLDL was similar to that of adults, whereas the lipid/protein content remained low both in VLDL and LDL. The composition of HDL2 and HDL3 remained constant during this period, the percentage of HDL2 being higher in newborns than in adults. These compositional changes were reflected in the microviscosity of the lipoproteins, specially in the VLDL fraction. The investigation of plasma lipoprotein profiles in newborns is mostly limited by the available volume of the samples. Conventional isolation techniques, by sequential ultracent;ifugation, for VLDL, LDL, HDL and their subfractions require 5 ml plasma whereas only 1-2 ml blood can easily be drawn by venapuncture in newborns. Recently, Nillson et al. (10) have adapted the singlespin ultracentrifugation procedure, previously described by Foreman et al. (5), to the analysis of 200-1000 p1 plasma. We have applied this procedure to the quantitation of the lipoprotein profiles in newborns at 0, 7 and 30 days in order to obtain the compositional analysis of the various lipoprotein fractions. As previously shown (17, 18) the lipoprotein patterns in newborns are profoundly modified during the first month of life when several synthetic and catabolic pathways are developing.The single-spin ultracentrifugation procedure enables further investigation of these metabolic events and of their impact on the plasma lipoprotein distribution and composition.maternal-foetal problems such as diabetes or hypeiension were not included in the study. All infants were born after uneventful delivery. All subjects were investigated after informed consent had been obtained from their parents. A blood sample was obtained, immediately after delivery and clamping of the umbilical cord, from the umbilical vein. Blood samples at 7 and 30 days were drawn by venapuncture after 7 h fasting. Blood was allowed to clot at room temperature for about 30 min and the serum separated at 4°C at 10,000 rpm. Serum samples were stored at 4OC in the presence of 0.05% EDTA pH 7 for maximum 5 days.Density gradient ultracentrifugation. The single-spin density ultracentrifugation was based on the method proposed...

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Plasma Apoprotein and Lipid Patterns in Newborns: Influence of Nutritional Factors

Cited by 57 publications

References 12 publications

Variables Affecting Apolipoprotein B Measurements in 3- to 5-Day-Old Babies: A Study of 4491 Neonates

Variables Affecting Apolipoprotein B Measurements in 3- to 5-Day-Old Babies: A Study of 4491 Neonates

Postheparin Plasma Lipoprotein and Hepatic Lipase Activities in Hyperinsulinemic Infants of Diabetic Mothers and in Large-for-Date Infants at Birth

Isolation and Characterization of Lipoprotein Profiles in Newborns by Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation

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