Isolation and Characterization of Lipoprotein Profiles in Newborns by Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation

Rosseneu, Maryvonne; Biervliet, J.P. Van; Bury, J; Vinaimont, N

doi:10.1203/00006450-198310000-00004

Cited by 37 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The concentration of this protein in cord blood is approximately one-half to two-thirds that of adults (25)(26)(27)(28). In adult plasma, the (HDL,,),, region is characterized by the presence of a large proportion of particles containing apo A1 without apo A11 (29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Density Lipoprotein Subclass Distribution in Premature Newborns before and after the Onset of Enteral Feeding

Genzel‐Boroviczény¹,

D'Harlingue²,

Kao³

et al. 1988

Pediatr Res

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ABSTRACT. Changes in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subclass distribution were evaluated in a group of premature infants during the early postnatal period to ascertain whether enteral feeding brought about a rapid shift from neonatal to adult-like distributions. All infants were fed a combination of breast milk and formula. Cord blood of premature infants had a predominance of large, less dense (HDLlb),e and a paucity of intermediate-sized (HDL3a)gge particles. Lack of a peak in the (HDL3,),,, is a characteristic feature for cord blood, whereas a prominent (HDL,,), peak is characteristic of adult plasma. After the start of enteral feeding, blood was obtained at two timepoints: 6-14 days (sample A) and 17-32 days (sample B) postdelivery. With the onset of feeding, triglyceride increased significantly from an average of 34 mg/dl in cord blood to 120 mg/dl in sample B, and cholesterol increased from 86 to 112 mg/dl in the same period. Increases in plasma lipid concentrations were paralleled by a redistribution of subclasses such that three components of almost equal intensity were evident in sample B; these consisted of (HDLzb),,, (HDLz,,),,, and (HDbb)gge. A paucity of (HDL,,),, particles persisted even after onset of enteral feeding; thus, increases in plasma triglyceride and cholesterol per se are not sufficient to induce the adult-like distribution. It is suggested that development of the normal adult HDL subclass pattern is complex and is probably related to the development and interaction of several factors, including plasma enzymes involved in lipid hydrolysis and esterification, lipid exchange proteins, and hormonal status. (Pediatr Res 23:543-547, 1988 The HDL is the major lipoprotein component in human cord blood. As in adult plasma, cord blood HDL is not a single homogeneous population of particles but consists of several distinct subclasses. Using nondenaturing gge, we have previously shown that HDL subclass distribution based on particle size is different in cord blood as compared with adult HDL (1, 2). By the definition of Nichols et al. (3), adult HDL has five identifiable subclasses on gge, (HDL,,, HDL,,, HDL,,, HDL,,, and HDL3,),, and (HDL,,), is the predominant component. Unlike adult HDL, normal cord blood has a paucity of particles in the (HDL3,),, region, and two distinct components within the (HDL,,),, region. This normal cord blood HDL subclass distribution correlates with plasma cholesterol levels < 85 mg/dl and TG levels < 65 mg/dl(2). In addition to the normal (gge) pattern, two other (gge) patterns have been identified in newborn infants and, in both instances, were associated with abnormal plasma lipid levels (2). One pattern, termed the 2b(gge) pattern, is characterized by an increase in particles in the (HDL2b),e subclass and is found most commonly in cord blood with elevated TC and HDL-C. The other pattern, termed the 3b(gge) pattern, is characterized by a decrease of (HDL,,), and (HDL,,),, particles and by a predominance of particles in the (HDL3,Jgge and (HDL,,), subclasses. This pa...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Density Lipoprotein Subclass Distribution in Premature Newborns before and after the Onset of Enteral Feeding

Genzel‐Boroviczény¹,

D'Harlingue²,

Kao³

et al. 1988

Pediatr Res

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“…Lipoproteins were isolated by isopycnic ultracentrifugation from 0.3 ml plasma (8). As apo E is released from lipoproteins during ultracentrifugation, 0.5 ml was also fractionated by gel filtration on a Sepharose 6B-CL column, enabling the separation of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, LDL, and HDL (9).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides were assayed enzymically (8). Apo AI, apo AII, and apo B were quantitated by immunonephelometry (1, 2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A plot of the apo AI/AII molar ratio in HDL as a function of the particle size, is characterized by two maxima corresponding to HDL2 and HDL3 with values around 3.5-4. Plasma fractionation by ultacentrifugation in a density gradient enabled the resolution of HDL into three subclasses at densities between 1.063 and 1.10 g/ml (HDL2,), 1.10-1.15 g/ml (HDL2,+,,), and 1.15-1.2 1 g/ml (HDL3b+c) (8). An HDL, fraction (1 l), containing small amounts of apo A1 and apo AII, was also identified at lower densities (1.050-1.063 g/ml).…”

Section: Lipid and Apoprotein Composition Of V L D L And Ldlmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Apolipoprotein and Lipid Composition of Plasma Lipoproteins in Neonates during the First Month of Life

Biervliet¹,

Rosseneu²,

Bury³

et al. 1986

Pediatr Res

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ABSTRACT. In this study the lipid and apoprotein profiles were investigated in newborns at 0, 7, and 30 days of life. The plasma lipoproteins were separated both by ultracentrifugation and gel filtration in order to compare the patterns obtained by the two techniques. At birth, the apo E concentration is comparable to that measured in adults, but its distribution among lipoproteins is significantly different as more than 80% of the plasma apo E belongs to high-density lipoproteins (HDL). At 7 and 30 days the plasma apo E concentrations are close to the values at birth, but a significant redistribution occurs from HDL to very low-density lipoproteins. By analogy with apo B, the plasma apo CIII concentration is low at birth and increases between 0 and 7 days by a factor of about two. Plasma triglycerides increase significantly during the first week of life so that the apo CIII increase is most pronounced in very low-density lipoproteins. These lipoproteins therefore become enriched in apo E, apo CIII and triglycerides between 0 and 7 days. At birth, a distinct HDL fraction, enriched in apo E, apo A11 and cholesterol (HDLE), could be detected. To compensate for the low LDL levels, this HDLE fraction might function as an additional source for cholesterol delivery to peripheral tissues via the apo (B, E) receptor. At later age, low-density lipoprotein synthesis is enhanced, apo E is transferred to very low-density lipoproteins, and cholesterol delivery via the HDL, becomes less important. These data demonstrate that significant differences occur in the plasma concentration and distribution of the apo CIII and E proteins during the initial period of life, and that these apoproteins fulfill an important metabolic role. (Pediatr Res 20: 324-328, 1986) Abbreviations HDL, high-density lipoproteins VLDL, very low-density lipoproteins LDL, low-density lipoproteins During the perinatal period, major shifts in nutritional supply cause changes in substrate utilization by the fetus and newborn. Unimpeded substrate flow from placenta to fetus is required to meet the energy requirements for growth and for fuel storage, primarily of glycogen and fat. During the intra-and postpartum periods, this constant flow is interrupted so that glycogen is required to maintain serum glucose levels. Glycogen stores are then depleted and active glycogenesis starts. In the perinatal period, fatty acid and ketone body oxidation become important energy sources, and during this period an adaptation to a high fat milk diet becomes therefore necessary.These adaptations are controlled by changes in substrate flow and hormonal milieu of the fetus and newborn. Such changes n substrate result in rapid shifts in the synthesis and metabolism of lipid transporting particles, whose composition then changes from that before birth.In newborns, plasma lipid and lipoprotein patterns also are significantly different from those observed in adults, both in their concentration and distribution. Newborn plasma lipoproteins consist mostly of HDL, while VLDL and LDL are...

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“…On the basis of animal experiments, lipoprotein lipase activity of newborn infants has been suggested to be low at birth and to increase postnatally (1,6,7). If so, infants at birth might be incapable of using fat effectively for energy.…”

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confidence: 99%

Postheparin Plasma Lipoprotein and Hepatic Lipase Activities in Hyperinsulinemic Infants of Diabetic Mothers and in Large-for-Date Infants at Birth

et al. 1986

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ABSTRACT. To study postheparin plasma lipase activities in nonfed newborn infants immediately after birth and to investigate the possible influence of fetal hyperinsulinemia on lipoprotein lipase activity, we measured lipoprotein and hepatic lipase activities in 55 macrosomic newborn infants: group I consisted of 21 infants born to mothers with insulindependent diabetes. The infants were hyperinsulinemic at birth and had hypoglycemia and poor lipolysis at the age of 2 h. Group I1 consisted of 18 infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes. Group I11 consisted of 16 largefor-date infants born to nondiabetic mothers. The mean postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase activities at 2 h of age were similar (mean 36 pmol free fatty acids/ml/h; SEM 15) in groups 1-111. Lipoprotein lipase activity correlated negatively with cord-serum triglycerides (range 0.13-1.2 mmol/liter) but did not correlate with serum insulin (range 5.4-524 pU/ml) or C-peptide (range 0.6-21.0 pgtliter). Hepatic lipase activity was somewhat higher in group I (mean 68 pmol free fatty acids/ml/h; SEM 23) than in groups I1 and I11 (mean 55 pmol free fatty acids/ml/h; SEM 14). Hemoglobin Alc was the only important factor explaining the difference in hepatic lipase activities between groups. Lipoproteins and apolipoproteins A-I, A-11, and B were similar in all three groups. We conclude that in large-for-date infants lipoprotein lipase is active at birth without exogenous fat induction, and that these infants are capable of hydrolyzing fat, their main source of energy, immediately after birth. In addition, we conclude that postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase activity is not affected by fetal hyperinsulinemia. (Pediafr Res 20: 527-531,1986) Abbreviations FFA, free fatty acids Hb, hemoglobin Soon after birth fat becomes the major metabolic fuel (1): breast-milk fat is readily absorbed through the bowel wall as chylomicrons and liver produces endogenous lipoproteins into

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Isolation and Characterization of Lipoprotein Profiles in Newborns by Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation

Cited by 37 publications

References 11 publications

High-Density Lipoprotein Subclass Distribution in Premature Newborns before and after the Onset of Enteral Feeding

High-Density Lipoprotein Subclass Distribution in Premature Newborns before and after the Onset of Enteral Feeding

Apolipoprotein and Lipid Composition of Plasma Lipoproteins in Neonates during the First Month of Life

Postheparin Plasma Lipoprotein and Hepatic Lipase Activities in Hyperinsulinemic Infants of Diabetic Mothers and in Large-for-Date Infants at Birth

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