Plasma and macular responses to lutein supplement in subjects with and without age-related maculopathy: a pilot study

Koh, Hui Hiang; Murray, Ian J.; Nolan, Daniel; Carden, Dave; Feather, Jim; Beatty, Stephen

doi:10.1016/j.exer.2004.03.001

Cited by 137 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A blood sample was also collected at each study visit in order to analyze serum concentrations of MZ, TL, TZ, and Z. Supplementation studies to date have previously reported on serum response to supplementation with the macular carotenoids, with the majority of these studies reporting significant increases in serum concentrations of L and/or Z following supplementation with these carotenoids. 22,23,25,27,[39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52] Consistent with these previous studies, we report statistically significant increases in MZ and TL, after just two weeks of supplementation. Of note, average serum TL concentrations exhibited the highest average increase following supplementation with the study formulation, when compared to the other carotenoids (MZ and TZ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Augmentation of Macular Pigment Following Supplementation with All Three Macular Carotenoids: An Exploratory Study

Connolly¹,

Beatty²,

Thurnham³

et al. 2010

Current Eye Research

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Purpose: At the macula, the carotenoids meso-zeaxanthin (MZ), lutein (L), and zeaxanthin (Z) are collectively referred to as macular pigment (MP). This study was designed to measure serum and macular responses to a macular carotenoid formulation. Materials and Methods: Ten subjects were recruited into this study (five normal and five with early age-related macular degeneration [AMD]). Subjects were instructed to consume a formulation containing 7.3 mg of MZ, 3.7 mg of L, and 0.8 mg of Z everyday over an eight-week period. The spatial profile of MP optical density (i.e., MPOD at 0.25°, 0.5°, 1°, and 1.75°) was measured using customized heterochromatic flicker photometry, and a blood sample was collected at each study visit in order to analyze serum concentrations of MZ, L, and Z. Results: There was a significant increase in serum concentrations of MZ and L after two weeks of supplementation (p < 0.05). Baseline serum carotenoid analysis detected a small peak eluting at the same time as MZ in all subjects, with a mean ± SD of 0.02 ± 0.01 μmol/L. We report significant increases in MPOD at 0.25°, 0.5°, 1°, and average MPOD across its spatial profile after just two weeks of supplementation (p < 0.05, for all). Four subjects (one normal and three AMD) who had an atypical MPOD spatial profile (i.e., central dip) at baseline had the more typical MPOD spatial profile (i.e., highest MPOD at the center) after eight weeks of supplementation. Conclusion: We report significant increases in serum concentrations of MZ and L following supplementation with MZ, L, and Z and a significant increase in MPOD, including its spatial profile, after two weeks of supplementation. Also, this study has detected the possible presence of MZ in human serum pre-supplementation and the ability of the study carotenoid formulation to rebuild central MPOD in subjects who have atypical profiles at baseline. 1,2 It is estimated that the number of people suffering from AMD will continue to increase, primarily due to increasing longevity. 3,4 It is now believed that both oxidative stress and cumulative exposure to short-wavelength (blue) light are involved in the aetiopathogenesis of AMD. KEYWORDS: 5-7The center of the retina has a distinct yellow color attributable to the presence of a pigment known as macular pigment (MP), and this coloration contributed to the original eponymous description of this retinal region as the macula lutea (or yellow spot).8,9 MP comprises three dietary carotenoids meso-zeaxanthin (MZ), lutein (L), and zeaxanthin (Z). [8][9][10] There is now a biologically plausible rationale, supported by a growing body of evidence, in support of the view that MP protects against AMD.7 For example, MP has been shown to significantly reduce the amount of blue light incident on the macula.11-14 Furthermore, the antioxidant properties of MP′s constituent carotenoids within the retina and elsewhere have been demonstrated in vitro. 15,16 L and Z are found in a typical western diet, in fruit and vegetables (e.g., spinach, corn, orange p...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Augmentation of Macular Pigment Following Supplementation with All Three Macular Carotenoids: An Exploratory Study

Connolly¹,

Beatty²,

Thurnham³

et al. 2010

Current Eye Research

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“…Lutein and zeaxanthin are the only carotenoids found in the eye in much higher amount than in any other human tissue (Yeum et al, 1995). In addition, lutein is linked to other benefits, such as decreased risk of developing age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and it also shows beneficial effects on the protection against atherosclerosis, cataract, cancer and other diseases (Koh et al, 2004). Furthermore, lutein presents antioxidant activity, and it protects cells from oxidative damages.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotenoids in the pulp and peel of bananas from 15 cultivars in two ripening stages

et al. 2018

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Este estudo objetivou caracterizar a dinâmica, além das mudanças estruturais e florísticas em uma comunidade arbAvaliou-se a ocorrência e aconcentração de carotenoides na polpa e na casca dos frutos de 14 cultivares de bananeira e um de plátano em dois estádios de maturação. Luteína, α-caroteno, β-caroteno, β-criptoxantina e licopeno foram quantificados por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE), carotenoides totais por espectrofotometria. Na polpa verde, a banana 'Ouro' destacou-se com concentração de luteína 13 vezes maior que a da 'Marmelo'. Para α-caroteno e β-caroteno, o plátano 'Terrinha' se destacou com concentração média de 1.195,30 e 1.126,11 µg (100 g MF -1 ), respectivamente. Os carotenoides totais oscilaram de 159,66 a 2.553,51 µg (100 g MF -1 ), para 'Caipira' e 'Terrinha', respectivamente. Na polpa madura, houve acréscimo de 36% no teor médio de luteína em relação à polpa verde e redução de 7,3 e 8,5% nos teores médios de α-caroteno e de β-caroteno, respectivamente. A concentração média de carotenoides totais na polpa madura foi 17% superior à da polpa verde. Na casca verde houve predominância da luteína, embora a 'Terrinha' tenha se destacado com concentrações de α-caroteno e β-caroteno superior às dos demais cultivares. A concentração de luteína praticamente não se alterou com o amadurecimento dos frutos, no entanto houve discreta redução nas concentrações de α-caroteno e β-caroteno.Palavras-chave: Musa spp.; provitamina A; luteína; α-caroteno; β-caroteno. ABSTRACT RESUMOCarotenoids in the pulp and peel of bananas from 15 cultivars in two ripening stages 1 The current study aims to evaluate the occurrence and concentration of carotenoids in the pulp and peel of 14 banana and one plantain cultivars in two ripening stages. We analyzed the occurrence and content of lutein, α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, and lycopene -by high performance liquid chromatography with UV-visible detection, the content of total carotenoids by spectrophotometry. In the unripe pulp, the 'Ouro' cultivar stood out with lutein concentration 13 times higher than that of the 'Marmelo'. As for á-carotene and β-carotene, 'Terrinha' plantain stood out with mean concentration of 1195.30 and 1126.11 µg (100 g MF -1 ), respectively. Total carotenoids ranged from 159.66 to 2553.51 µg (100 g MF -1 ) in 'Caipira' and 'Terrinha', respectively. In the ripe pulp there was 36% increase in the lutein content in comparison to the unripe pulp and there was 7.3 and 8.5% reduction in α-carotene and β-carotene levels, respectively. The total carotenoid concentration in the ripe pulp was 17% higher than that found in the unripe pulp. The unripe peel showed lutein predominance, although 'Terrinha' stood out with higher α-carotene and µ-carotene concentrations than those found in the other cultivars. Lutein concentration hardly changed due to fruit ripening; however, there was slight reduction in α-carotene and β-carotene concentrations.

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“…The consumption of carotenoids may bring health benefits because lutein is related to reduction of macular degeneration due to aging (KOH et al, 2004). In the market, this type of oil has high added value and is mainly used in cooking.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical and chemical characterization of the pulp of different varieties of avocado targeting oil extraction potential

et al. 2012

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical properties of avocado pulp of four different varieties (Avocado, Guatemala, Dickinson, and Butter pear) and to identify which has the greatest potential for oil extraction. Fresh avocado pulp was characterized by moisture, protein, fat, ash, carbohydrates and energy contents were determined. The carotenoids and chlorophyll contents were determined by the organic solvent extraction method. The results showed significant differences in the composition of the fruit when varieties are compared. However, the striking feature in all varieties is high lipid content; Avocado and Dickinson are the most suitable varieties for oil extraction, taking into account moisture content and the levels of lipids in the pulp. Moreover, it could be said that the variety Dickinson is the most affected by the parameters evaluated in terms of overall quality. Chlorophyll and carotenoids, fat-soluble pigments, showed a negative correlation with respect to lipids since it could be related to its function in the fruit. The varieties Avocado and Dickinson are an alternative to oil extraction having great commercial potential to be exploited thus avoiding waste and increasing farmers’ income.

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Plasma and macular responses to lutein supplement in subjects with and without age-related maculopathy: a pilot study

Cited by 137 publications

References 19 publications

Augmentation of Macular Pigment Following Supplementation with All Three Macular Carotenoids: An Exploratory Study

Augmentation of Macular Pigment Following Supplementation with All Three Macular Carotenoids: An Exploratory Study

Carotenoids in the pulp and peel of bananas from 15 cultivars in two ripening stages

Physical and chemical characterization of the pulp of different varieties of avocado targeting oil extraction potential

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