Placental polyp: a rare cause of iron deficiency anemia

Abstract

Placental polyps are defined as pedunculated or polypoid fragments of placenta or ovular membranes retained for an indefinite period of time into the uterus after abortion or child birth. An important cause of retention is placental accretism, an abnormal adherence of the placenta into the uterine wall. Chronic cases are rarely reported in the literature. In these cases, the placental retention in the immediate postpartum is not followed by heavy bleeding what makes the diagnosis challenging. We report a rare case of iron-deficiency anemia in a multiparous 29-year-old female patient two years after the last delivery. She sought medical care with clinical symptoms of anemia and recent menses alterations. There was no history of abortion. On gynecological examination, there was a twofold enlarged uterus, and the pelvic ultrasound revealed an image compatible with an endometrial polyp. She underwent open hysterectomy because of uncontrollable bleeding followed by hypotension after curettage. The histolopathologic examination revealed a partially hyalinized and necrotic placental polyp.

Placental polyp after normal vaginal delivery: a rare diagnostic dilemma

“…17 In 1884, Baer reported a case of placental polyp that occurred 12 years after the pregnancy and this entity has been recognized since then. 18 The clinical event could be life-threatening for the patient and sometimes may require an emergency hysterectomy. Profuse haemorrhage and hypovolemic shock are the most feared complications.…”

Vėlyvasis Pogimdyminis Kraujavimas Dėl Placentos Polipo. Klinikinis Atvejis

“…Kraujavimo iš gimdos intensyvumas varijuoja nuo silpno iki gausaus, literatūroje yra aprašyta ir gyvybei pavojingo profuzinio kraujavimo atvejų, sukėlusių hipovoleminį šoką [5]. Esant lėtinei ligos eigai, pacientes vargina įvairaus stiprumo kraujavimas iš makšties ne menstruacijų metu, menometroragija (nenormalus kraujavimas iš gimdos), skausmas pilvo apatinėje dalyje, ilgainiui atsiranda anemija, jaučiamas bendras silpnumas, nuovargis [7].…”