Pilot plant extraction of oil fromVernonia galamensis seed

Abstract

Vernonia galamensis seed containing 40-42% oil and 30-34% epoxy acid, (c/s-12,13-epoxy-c/s-9-octadecenoic) was processed to oil and meal. Seed conditioning, pressing and solvent extraction research were conducted in pilot facilities at the French Oil Mill Machinery Co. (Piqua, OH). The robust lipase system was successfully inactivated by treating 200 lb. batches of V. galamensis seed in a cooker/conditioner at 195-200~ and >10% moisture. Conditioned seed was mechanically pressed and the press discharge cone setting was varied during operation from 1/32" to 3/32" to demonstrate the feasibility of both full pressing and prepressing. Prepressing successfully reduced oil level in the press cake to ca. 20%. Press cake was extracted with hexane in a 1.5-ft 3 batchtype, four-stage percolation unit with a 6" square extrac~ tion cross section. Solvent extraction reduced oil level in the defatted meal to 1-2%. The defatted meal was desolventized and toasted. Excessive foaming of the vernonia oil extract made complete solvent stripping in the oil stripping unit difficult.KEY WORDS: Epoxy oil, lipase inactivation, mechanical pressing, pilot plant, seed oil, solvent extraction, Vernonia galamensis, vernolie acid.

Mass spectrometric characterization ofVernonia galamensis oil

“…The crude VO used in this study was obtained from mechanical pressing of enzyme-deactivated Vernonia galamensis seed (4). Titrimetric analysis (5) gave a weight per epoxy of 415, which translates to an oxirane percentage of 3.86 {74.5% vernolic acid).…”

Trace Volatile Components in Essential Oil of Citrus sudachi by Means of Modified Solvent Extraction Method

“…Conventional mechanical pressing in a single-screw press is widely used because it is robust, cheap and also uncomplicated to build (Singh & Bargale, 2000). In conventional trituration, oil seeds are pressed to expel their oil, and consequently more than 90% of the residual oils are recovered by solvent extraction (Ayorinde et al, 1990;Carlson & Kleiman, 1993). Moreover, a high pressure homogenizer also leads to significantly enhanced concentrations of soluble proteins and carbohydrates in a feed sludge (Engelhart et al, 2000).…”

Prepress solvent extraction of cuphea seed

“…The self-contained unit has a 10.1-cm screw for conveying press cake into and spent meal out of the extraction column (15 cm X 15 cm X 183 cm ht; 42.5 × 10 ~ cm3), a four-stage and final-rinse sixtank (40 L each) solvent extraction system, a meal desolventizer-toaster unit (3-deck-DT), a miscella distillationvacuum stripper unit for solvent and oil recovery, and associated pumps, heaters, condensers, valving and piping. The operation of this solvent extraction system is described in detail elsewhere (14).…”