Pigmentation Effect of Rice Bran Extracted Minerals Comprising Soluble Silicic Acids

Abstract

Our investigation focused on identifying melanogenesis effect of soluble minerals in rice bran ash extract (RBE) which include orthosilicic acid (OSA). Melanocytes were apparently normal in terms of morphology. It was, however, shown that they were stressed a little in the RBE and OSA added media in aspect of LDH activity. Melanin synthesis and intracellular tyrosinase activity were increased by treatment of RBE which is similar to that of OSA. The Western blotting results showed that TRP-1, tyrosinase, and MITF expression levels were 2-3 times higher in the OSA and RBE groups compared to the control group which promoted melanin synthesis through CREB phosphorylation. Moreover, histology and immunohistochemistry were shown to have similar result to that of protein expression. As a result, minerals which comprise orthosilicic acid has the potential to promote melanogenesis and both RBE and OSA have similar cell viability, protein expression, and immunostaining results, suggesting that RBE comprises specific minerals which promote melanin synthesis through increasing of MITF and CREB phosphorylation. Therefore, RBE could be used as a novel therapeutic approach to combat melanin deficiency related diseases by stimulating melanocytes via its soluble Si and mineral components.

Rice bran mineral extract increases the expression of anagen-related molecules in human dermal papilla through wnt/catenin pathway

“…Next the supernatant was concentrated to 10-folds and then sterilized by filtration through a 0.2-μm syringe filter to obtain the final RBM extract of 80 ml. OSA was obtained from Natural Factors (Biosil, USA) [11]. The chemical composition of RBM is shown in Table 1.…”

“…Additionally, rice bran possesses many phytochemicals and nutrients, with known chemopreventive and immune-enhancing properties, such as vitamins, γ-oryzanol, tocopherols, tocotrienols, phenolic acids, carotenoids, polysaccharides, phytosterols, essential amino acids, and micronutrients. Choi et al showed that the linoleic acid and γ–oryzanol components in supercritical carbon dioxide RBE promoted hair growth by inducing hair follicles into the anagen stage (active growth phase) and increasing the expression of associated cell growth factors in mice [11]. …”

“…Rice bran ash, the end-product of rice bran incineration, is rich in silicon (Si, 65 wt%), but also contains other minerals, such as potassium (K), phosphorous (P), carbon (C), K 2 O, CaO, Na 2 O, MgO, Al 2 O 3 , ZnO, MnO 2 , and Fe 2 O 3 , as well as soluble silicic acids [11]. Silicon (Si) is the second most abundant element (27.2%) present in the earth crust and.…”

“…Oral intake of choline-stabilized OSA (ch-OSA), a bioavailable form of Si, was found to have a significant positive effect on brittleness of hair and nails and on hair morphology and tensile strengths [12]. Also, Grotheer et al showed that OSA had anti-inflammatory properties and aided chronic wound recovery [11]. Nonetheless, research on hair growth using rice bran mineral (RBM) extract has not yet been well-studied.…”

Synergistic effect of rice bran extract and extremely low‐frequency electromagnetic fields on dermal papilla/melanocytes in melanogenesis

“…Recently, various natural materials have been found to lead to melanogenesis, such as extracts of Ardisia crenata , scoparone, mangosteen leaf, and Kaliziri [Cho et al, ]. Jang and Seo [] reported that rice bran extract (RBE) is comprised of specific minerals that promote melanin synthesis through microphthalmia‐associated transcription factor (MITF) and cyclic AMP (cAMP)‐responsive element binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation in melanocytes.…”