Phytopharmacological overview of Terminalia chebula Retz

Hedina, Agaath; Kotti, Punniya; Kausar, Juveriyah; Sivasamy,; Anand, Arumugam Vijaya

doi:10.5530/pj.2016.4.1

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The presence of phenolics in the leaves, bark, and fruit of T. chebula has resulted in high antioxidant activity. The aqueous extract of T. chebula inhibited xanthine/xanthine oxidase activity and scavenged DPPH radicals [ 36 ]. Acetone extract pointed to hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives, hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, flavonols, aglycon, and glycosides responsible for their antioxidative properties [ 17 ].…”

Section: Pharmacological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The potential anti-bacterial activity of T. chebula has been investigated in several studies. Antibacterial activity was found in T. chebula against both gram-positive and gram-negative human pathogenic microorganisms [ 36 ]. Leaf extract is bactericidal against Escherichia coli, Shigella sp, Vibrio cholerae and Salmonella sp [ 151 ] .…”

Section: Pharmacological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ripe seeds have shown potent anti-bacterial properties that are particularly effective against S. aureus . Salivary bacteria called Streptococcus mutants were severely constrained in their growth by the aqueous extract of T. chebula [ 36 ].…”

Section: Pharmacological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A comprehensive review on the diverse pharmacological perspectives of Terminalia chebula Retz

Bulbul

Chowdhury

Naima

et al. 2022

Heliyon

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Section: Pharmacological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pharmacological Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A comprehensive review on the diverse pharmacological perspectives of Terminalia chebula Retz

Bulbul

Chowdhury

Naima

et al. 2022

Heliyon

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“…The antiarthritic effects and ability to relieve joint discomfort of water and ethanol extracts of T. chebula have been examined in animal models and clinical studies ( Kalaiselvan and Rasool, 2015 ; Karlapudi et al, 2018 ; Ekambaram et al, 2020 ). Previous phytochemical studies indicated that polyphenols, flavonoids and triterpenoids are the main effective components of these extracts ( Gowda et al, 2012 ; Hedina et al, 2016 ). In our previous study, we conducted a network-based pharmacology analysis and screened out 10 potential active components (six polyphenols and four alkaloids) of T. chebula as the candidate active components for the treatment of RA ( Fang et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous quantitative analysis and in vitro anti-arthritic effects of five polyphenols from Terminalia chebula

Liu

Zhan²,

Zhang³

et al. 2023

Front. Physiol.

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Background: The fruit of Terminalia chebula has been widely used for a thousand years for treating diarrhea, ulcers, and arthritic diseases in Asian countries. However, the active components of this Traditional Chinese medicine and their mechanisms remain unclear, necessitating further investigation.Objectives: To perform simultaneous quantitative analysis of five polyphenols in T. chebula and evaluate their anti-arthritic effects including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro.Materials and methods: Water, 50% water-ethanol, and pure ethanol were used as extract solvents. Quantitative analysis of gallic acid, corilagin, chebulanin, chebulagic acid, and ellagic acid in the three extracts was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Antioxidant activity was assessed by the 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assay, and anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated by detecting interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 expression in IL-1β-stimulated MH7A cells.Results: The 50% water-ethanol solvent was the optimal solvent yielding the highest total polyphenol content, and the concentrations of chebulanin and chebulagic acid were much higher than those of gallic acid, corilagin, and ellagic acid in the extracts. The DPPH radical-scavenging assay showed that gallic acid and ellagic acid were the strongest antioxidative components, while the other three components showed comparable antioxidative activity. As for the anti-inflammatory effect, chebulanin and chebulagic acid significantly inhibited IL-6 and IL-8 expression at all three concentrations; corilagin and ellagic acid significantly inhibited IL-6 and IL-8 expression at high concentration; and gallic acid could not inhibit IL-8 expression and showed weak inhibition of IL-6 expression in IL-1β-stimulated MH7A cells. Principal component analysis indicated that chebulanin and chebulagic acid were the main components responsible for the anti-arthritic effects of T. chebula.Conclusion: Our findings highlight the potential anti-arthritic role of chebulanin and chebulagic acid from T. chebula.

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“…It also contains phenolic compounds, viz., galloylglucose, corilagin, terflavin A, punicalagin, triterpene maslinic acid, and so on [ 33 ]. This plant is known to possess broad-spectrum activities, viz., antiviral, antiprotozoal, antibacterial, antifungal, etc., and has anticancer [ 34 ], antidiabetic [ 35 ], hepatoprotective [ 36 , 37 ], immunomodulatory [ 38 ], anti-inflammatory [ 30 ], wound healing [ 39 , 40 ], cardio-protective [ 41 , 42 ], anti-caries [ 43 ], etc., activities. Hydrolyzable tannins from T. chebula are well documented for antiviral activities [ 44 ], viz., anti-HCV [ 45 , 46 ], anti-HSV-1 [ 47 ], anti-HSV-2 (HSV, herpes simplex virus) [ 48 ] activity via inhibiting entry and multiple viral targets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C Virus NS3/4A Inhibition and Host Immunomodulation by Tannins from Terminalia chebula: A Structural Perspective

Patil¹,

Harish²,

Vetrivel

et al. 2022

Molecules

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Terminalia chebula Retz. forms a key component of traditional folk medicine and is also reported to possess antihepatitis C virus (HCV) and immunomodulatory activities. However, information on the intermolecular interactions of phytochemicals from this plant with HCV and human proteins are yet to be established. Thus, by this current study, we investigated the HCV NS3/4A inhibitory and host immune-modulatory activity of phytocompounds from T. chebula through in silico strategies involving network pharmacology and structural bioinformatics techniques. To start with, the phytochemical dataset of T. chebula was curated from biological databases and the published literature. Further, the target ability of the phytocompounds was predicted using BindingDB for both HCV NS3/4A and other probable host targets involved in the immune system. Further, the identified targets were docked to the phytochemical dataset using AutoDock Vina executed through the POAP pipeline. The resultant docked complexes with significant binding energy were subjected to 50 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulation in order to infer the stability of complex formation. During network pharmacology analysis, the gene set pathway enrichment of host targets was performed using the STRING and Reactome pathway databases. Further, the biological network among compounds, proteins, and pathways was constructed using Cytoscape 3.6.1. Furthermore, the druglikeness, side effects, and toxicity of the phytocompounds were also predicted using the MolSoft, ADVERpred, and PreADMET methods, respectively. Out of 41 selected compounds, 10 were predicted to target HCV NS3/4A and also to possess druglike and nontoxic properties. Among these 10 molecules, Chebulagic acid and 1,2,3,4,6-Pentagalloyl glucose exhibited potent HCV NS3/4A inhibitory activity, as these scored a lowest binding energy (BE) of −8.6 kcal/mol and −7.7 kcal/mol with 11 and 20 intermolecular interactions with active site residues, respectively. These findings are highly comparable with Asunaprevir (known inhibitor of HCV NS3/4A), which scored a BE of −7.4 kcal/mol with 20 key intermolecular interactions. MD studies also strongly suggest that chebulagic acid and 1,2,3,4,6-Pentagalloyl glucose as promising leads, as these molecules showed stable binding during 50 ns of production run. Further, the gene set enrichment and network analysis of 18 protein targets prioritized 10 compounds and were predicted to potentially modulate the host immune system, hemostasis, cytokine levels, interleukins signaling pathways, and platelet aggregation. On overall analysis, this present study predicts that tannins from T. chebula have a potential HCV NS3/4A inhibitory and host immune-modulatory activity. However, further experimental studies are required to confirm the efficacies.

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Phytopharmacological overview of Terminalia chebula Retz

Cited by 4 publications

References 13 publications

A comprehensive review on the diverse pharmacological perspectives of Terminalia chebula Retz

A comprehensive review on the diverse pharmacological perspectives of Terminalia chebula Retz

Simultaneous quantitative analysis and in vitro anti-arthritic effects of five polyphenols from Terminalia chebula

Hepatitis C Virus NS3/4A Inhibition and Host Immunomodulation by Tannins from Terminalia chebula: A Structural Perspective

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