Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of Gyrinops tea from agarwood plantation on Lombok island, Indonesia

Abstract

Phytochemical screening and antioxidant analysis are essential standardization procedure for the agarwood tea product. Gyrinops tea is an agarwood tea that has been emerged on Lombok Island recently. This research aims to carry qualitative phytochemical analysis and antioxidant activity assay of Gyrinops tea from several agarwood plantations on Lombok Island. Gyrinops versteegii leaves as the raw material of Gyrinops tea were taken from several agarwood plantations on Lombok Island, including Lingsar, Rarung, Kekait, Pejaring, and Mataram. There are three steps on G. versteegii leaves processing method into Gyrinops tea, including sterilization, drying, and chopping. G. versteegii leaves were brewed in distilled water at 70°C for 5 minutes to make Gyrinops tea. Phytochemical screening of Gyrinops tea was conducted with a qualitative assay identification of Flavonoid, Alkaloid, Saponin, and Tannin. The antioxidant assay of Gyrinops tea was investigated based on DPPH radicals scavenging activity. The result shows that Gyrinops tea positively contains tannin in high dosage and Flavonoid in a moderate dose with no alkaloid and saponin. Gyrinops tea samples have various antioxidant activity from moderate to strong based on IC50 measurement. It could be concluded that different sampling location has affected antioxidant activity of Gyrinops tea.

Diversity of Gyrinops versteegii from several agarwood plantation on Lombok Island (Indonesia) as raw material of Gyrinops tea

“…Leaves were cleaned by washing with distilled water then dried at 30 o C until the leaves lost 10% of water content. Dried leaves were then chopped using a grinder into 1-2 mm particle size (Wangiyana et al 2021a). Leaves particles were stored in an oxidation chamber for 14 days until the color of leaves particles became reddish-green or light green.…”

“…The phytochemical character of G. versteegii is mainly affected by its leaves as the raw material of Gyrinops tea (Wangiyana et al 2021a). G. versteegii from 5 sampling locations have shown variation on leaves characters.…”

“…The result has shown that G. versteegii from the west region of Lombok Island could be divided into five main groups: Beringin, Buaya, Madu, Pantai, and Soyun (Mulyaningsih et al 2017). Intraspecific diversity of G. versteegii from the West Lombok Region should be further expanded to cover other regions of G. versteegii habitat on Lombok Island (Wangiyana et al 2021a).…”

“…Phytochemical character (Parwata et al 2018) and molecular character in the form of DNA fingerprinting (Siburian et al 2017) are two potential additional basis data that could fulfill this requirement. The phytochemical profile had an essential role in determining the variation of agarwood tea products from Aquilaria malaccensis (Batubara et al 2020;Surjanto et al 2019) and Gyrinops versteegii (Wangiyana et al 2021a). DNA fingerprinting was a part of the DNA barcoding project that has become a quality standard for agarwood products on the market (Lee et al 2016;Pern et al 2020).…”

Phytochemical Analysis of the Antioxidant Compounds of Baper Tea and Its Potential as an Immunomodulatory agent and Candidate for Standardized Herbal Medicine

“…The shallot skin, morel berry leaves, and small gooseberry Leaves have an alkaloid, flavonoids (quercetin and epigallocatechin gallate), tannins, kumarin, polyphenols, saponins, alicine, hydrogen sulfide, filantin, hipofilantin, kalium, triterpenoid, filantin, hipofilantin, kalium, triterpenoid, taurine, glycosides and antrococyinon [13]. Flavonoid chemicals can boost IL-2 synthesis during T-cell activation and proliferation [14]. Filantin can increase macrophage cell phagocytosis, and hepatoprotective and EGCG play a role in stimulating the production of IL-1α, IL-1β, and TNF-α and increasing IL-12 secretion, IFN-γ and lymphocyte proliferation [15,16].…”