Phytochemical analysis of beneng taro (Xanthosoma undipes K.Koch) leaves: cultivation as raw material for biopesticides for eco-friendly agriculture

Abstract

Beneng taro (Xanthasoma undipes K.koch) is a local wild taro which grows spreading the land area of Gunung Karang in Pandeglang District, Banten Province. Recently, the demand of Beneng taro tubers is increasing due to improvements in its utilization as a food crops. Therefore, Beneng taro is now being cultivated widely by the farmers. However, the use of Beneng taro is still focus on its tubers, while its leaves has not been utilized and only become an agricultural waste. The aim of research was to find out the chemical content of cultivated Beneng taro leaves as a raw material for biopesticide. The research was conducted from July to September 2018. The leaves sample of cultivated Beneng taro were taken from farmer’s field in Juhut Village, Karangtanjung Sub-district. Phytochemical analysis was accomplished in the laboratory. Further, chemical content in the form of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and oxalic acid were observed. The research result showed that there were negative content for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins in Beneng taro leaves. The cultivated Beneng taro leaves positively containing tannins, and oxalic acid as much as 3448.20 and 8361.52 mg/kg, respectively. The chemical content of tannins in Beneng taro leaves indicated the potential use of Beneng taro as a raw material for biopesticide.

EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK KULIT BATANG MAJA (Aegle marmelos L) TERHADAP KEMATIAN LARVA NYAMUK Anopheles sp.

“…Senyawa lain dalam tumbuhan yang bersifat insektisida adalah saponin dan tanin (Cannon, Burton, Wood, & Owen, 2004;Jiang, Hansen, Strobel, & Cedergreen, 2018;Rubio-Moraga et al, 2011). Beberapa tanaman dengan kandungan fenolat, terpenoid, alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin yang telah diteliti sebagai bio-insektisida, antara lain daun pepaya (Carica papaya L.) (Ningsi, Yuniar, & Fachlevy, 2016), biji panggi (Pangilum edule Reinw) (Sampe & Watuguly, 2016), rumput grinting (Cynodon dactylon L.) (Yasi & Lestari, 2020), daun tembelekan (Lantana camara) (Septarini Dian Anitasari, 2018), daun beneng taro (Xanthosoma undipes K.Koch) (Fatmawaty, Hermita, Hastuti, Kartina, & Hilal, 2019).…”

“…Fitokimia seperti alkaloid, fenol dan terpenoid, sendiri atau kombinasi, berkontribusi terhadap toksisitas akut terhadap berbagai spesies arthropoda (Kim & Ahn, 2017). Beberapa penelitian telah dilakukan untuk memanfaatkan buah, akar, dan daun Maja (Aegle marmelos L) sebagai pestisida alami (Fatmawaty et al, 2019;Ningsi et al, 2016;Rismayani, 2013;Sarma, Mahanta, & Khanikor, 2017;Sowmyashree, Chalannavar, Ghosh, Nityasree, & Supriya, 2019;VIineetha & Murugan, 2009). Hingga saat ini, belum ditemukan penelitian untuk memanfaatkan kulit batang pohon maja (Aegle marmelos L) sebagai larvasida.…”