Physiological responses of young and elderly men to prolonged exercise at critical power

Overend, Tom J.; Cunningham, David A.; Paterson, D. H.; Smith, W. D. F.

doi:10.1007/bf00717959

Cited by 65 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This intensity is below PCrit traditionally estimated based on exhaustive tests in elderly individuals (22,23) . The tests proposed by Capodaglio and Saibene (6) were not conducted until voluntary exhaustion but rather until the moment in which the perception of effort reached the "heavy" level with 5 in the Borg CR10 scale.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

O limiar de esforço percebido (LEP) corresponde à potência crítica e a um indicador de máximo estado estável de consumo de oxigênio

Nakamura

Brunetto

Hirai

et al. 2005

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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The perceived exertion has been a target of several investigations, many times with association with objective physiological indicators in exercise. Recently, the identification of the perceived exertion threshold (PET) was proposed in the water running, which presented no difference in relation to the critical velocity. Theoretically, both parameters would be indicators of the maximum steady state of variables such as VO 2 and blood lactate. The objective of this work was to verify the coincidence between PET, critical power (PCrit) and an indicator of maximum VO 2 steady state (PCrit') in cycle ergometer. Eight male participants were submitted to progressive effort test in order to determine VO 2peak (46.7 ± 8.5 ml/kg/ min) and to four rectangular tests until exhaustion for the estimation of the critical power model parameters, PET and PCrit'. The hyperbolic relation between mechanical power and time spent for the VO 2peak to be reached in each test was used for the PCrit' estimation, considered as the asymptote in the power axis, and the portion of the anaerobic work capacity (CTAnaer) depleted up to the establishment of the VO 2peak (CTAnaer'). In order to identify PET, the straight lines angular coefficients of the perceived exertion in time (ordinate) and the powers used (abscissa) were adjusted to a linear function that provided a point in the power axis in which the perceived exertion would be kept indefinitely stable. The parameters PCrit and CTAnaer were estimated by means of the power-time non-linear equation. In order to compare the estimations of PET, PCrit and PCrit', the analysis of variance ANOVA was employed for repeated measurements, and the associations were established through the Pearson correlation. CTAnaer and CTAnaer' were compared through the t test. PET (180 ± 61), PCrit (174 ± 43) and PCrit' (176 ± 48) were not significantly different and the correlations were of 0.92-0.98. CTAnaer' (14,080 ± 5,219 J) was lower than CTAnaer (22,093 ± 9,042 J). One concludes that the PET predicts the intensity of PCrit and PCrit' with accuracy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

O limiar de esforço percebido (LEP) corresponde à potência crítica e a um indicador de máximo estado estável de consumo de oxigênio

Nakamura

Brunetto

Hirai

et al. 2005

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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“…A senes of abstracts on CP validity found that CP was highly correlated to both mavimal power output (r = 0.9 1, p < 0.0 1) and hl max (r = 0.84, p c O.@!) (Talbert,Smith,& Hill,199 1); was subject to a leaming effect between trials (trial 2 mean power output > than trial I by 10 watts) Smith, Hilf, & Talbert, 199 (Overend, Cunningham, Paterson, & Smith, 1992). ft was s h o w in young men that ventilation, blood lactate, and arterial carbon dioxide continued to change over 24 minutes of cycling at CP, but these parameters were stable in the elderly group (Overend et al).…”

Section: Critical Power Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most research has occurred in closed envùonments with consistent conditions (Hill, 1996;Overend, Cunningham, Paterson, & Smith, 1992;. The application of critical velocity to outdoor sports has met with some success for running McDermott, Forbes, & Hill, 1993) and for triathlons (Zqski, Smith, & Wiley, 1994).…”

Section: Critical Velocity Theorv and Aaolicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Critical Velocity Estimates to Actual Velocities in Predicting Simulated Rowing Performance

Kennedy

Bell²

2000

Can. J. Appl. Physiol.

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The most accurate critical velocity (CV) estimate for the prediction of velocity during a simulated 2,000-m rowing race and the relationship to aerobic power were studied. Sixteen male rowers completed randomized maximal exertion trials (200, 400, 600, 800, 1,000, and 1,200 m), a maximal oxygen consumption [Formula: see text] on a Concept II rowing machine, and an actual 2,000-m simulated rowing race. Three mathematical models were applied to 4 rowing distance combinations producing 12 CV estimates. Seven of the 12 possible CV estimates were not significantly different from actual 2,000-m velocity. Comparison of the 3 CV models using all 6 trial distances revealed that the nonlinear model produced a CV estimate lower than the 2 linear CV models. CV was significantly correlated to [Formula: see text] (r = 0.91) and the mean velocity achieved during the 2,000-m simulated rowing race (r = 0.97). [Formula: see text] was significantly correlated to 2,000-m simulated rowing race velocity (r = 0.93). Key words: maximal oxygen consumption, critical power, critical speed

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“…Esses resultados indicam que PC pode não corresponder à intensidade de exercício que pode ser sustentada por um longo período de tempo sem um aumento contínuo da [Lac] sanguínea e/ou sem ocorrência prematura da exaustão (10,20,21) , corroborando os resultados de alguns estudos que testaram o tempo de permanência na carga de PC (23,24) . Os estudos de Housh et al (25) e Pepper et al (26) demonstraram que esses modelos superestimam o limiar de fadiga, ou seja, a intensidade de exercí-cio que poderia ser mantida por um tempo prolongado (mais 30 min, conforme proposto inicialmente por Monod e Scherrer (4) e Moritani et al (8) ).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Utilização da relação potência-tempo até exaustão em testes de caminhada para avaliação da aptidão aeróbia

Puga

Nakamura

Simões

et al. 2009

Rev Bras Med Esporte

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RESUMoO objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a aptidão aeróbia em testes de caminhada com carga externa aplicada por meio da inclinação da esteira, a partir da relação não linear entre inclinação da esteira e tempo até a exaustão em velocidade fixa. Doze indivíduos do gênero masculino com 23,2 ± 2,7 anos de idade, 74,0 ± 7,9kg de massa corporal e 23,7 ± 2,5kg· (m 2 ) -1 de IMC, realizaram duas etapas de testes de caminhada em esteira ergométrica com velocidade fixa de 5,5km·h-1 em todos os testes e sobrecarga de intensidade aplicada por meio de inclinação da esteira (%). A etapa 1 consistiu de três testes retangulares até a exaustão voluntária, nas intensidades de 18%, 20% e 22% de inclinação, para determinação dos parâmetros do modelo de potência crítica por dois modelos lineares e um hiperbólico. A etapa 2 consistiu na determinação da intensidade correspondente ao máximo estado estável de lactato sanguíneo (MEEL). ANOVA demonstrou que o modelo hiperbólico (15,4 ± 1,1%) resultou em estimativa significativamente menor que os outros dois modelos lineares inclinação-tempo -1 (16,0 ± 1,0%) e hiperbólico linearizado tempo -1 -inclinação (15,9 ± 1,0%), porém, houve alta correlação entre os modelos. Os dois modelos lineares superestimaram a intensidade do MEEL (14,1 ± 1,4%), e o modelo hiperbólico, mesmo sem diferença estatística, apresentou fraca correlação, com baixa concordância em relação ao MEEL. Conclui-se que a relação inclinação-tempo até a exaustão, em testes de caminhada, não permitem a estimativa de intensidade de exercício suportável por longo período de tempo.Palavras-chave: testes de caminhada, máximo estado estável de lactato, inclinação crítica. aBStRaCtThe aim of the present study was to evaluate aerobic fitness during walk tests with workload increased by treadmill inclination, based on non-linear relationship between treadmill inclination and time until exhaustion in steady velocity. Twelve male subjects, 23.2 ± 2.7 years old, 74.0 ± 7.9 kg of body mass and 23.7 ± 2.5 kg·(m 2 ) -1 of BMI, performed two phases of treadmill walk tests with steady velocity during all tests of 5.5 km·h -1 and intensity workload applied on the treadmill inclination (%). Phase 1 consisted of tree workout tests until voluntary exhaustion at 18%, 20% and 22% of inclination intensity, for critical power parameters determination, by using two linear models and a hyperbolic model. Phase 2 consisted of determination of the maximal blood lactate steady state (MLSS) intensity. ANOVA showed that the hyperbolic model (15.4 ± 1.1 %) underestimated both linear models: linear inclination-time-1 (16.0 ± 1.0 %) and hyperbolic linear time -inclination (15.9 ± 1.0 %); however, there was high correlation. Both linear models overestimated the MLSS intensity (14.1 ± 1.4%), and although there was no difference between the MLSS and the hyperbolic model, they had low correlation and there was a lower agreement. In conclusion, the inclination-time to exhaustion ratio in walk tests does not show an exercise intensity that can be bearable f...

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Physiological responses of young and elderly men to prolonged exercise at critical power

Cited by 65 publications

References 31 publications

O limiar de esforço percebido (LEP) corresponde à potência crítica e a um indicador de máximo estado estável de consumo de oxigênio

O limiar de esforço percebido (LEP) corresponde à potência crítica e a um indicador de máximo estado estável de consumo de oxigênio

A Comparison of Critical Velocity Estimates to Actual Velocities in Predicting Simulated Rowing Performance

Utilização da relação potência-tempo até exaustão em testes de caminhada para avaliação da aptidão aeróbia

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