Physiological and subjective responses to pain producing stimulation under hypnotically-suggested and waking-imagined "analgesia."

Barber, Theodore Xenophon; Hahn, Karl W.

doi:10.1037/h0041532

Cited by 211 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Similar painreducing effects had been found by merely asking people to imagine a pleasant experience while their hands were immersed in cold water (Barber & Hahn, 1962). Similarly, social factors may also exert top-down influence on pain perception while keeping constant the pain-inducing stimulation.…”

Section: Pain Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Perceiving the World Through Group-Colored Glasses: A Perceptual Model of Intergroup Relations

Xiao

Coppin

Bavel

2016

Psychological Inquiry

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Section: Pain Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Perceiving the World Through Group-Colored Glasses: A Perceptual Model of Intergroup Relations

Xiao

Coppin

Bavel

2016

Psychological Inquiry

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“…The model does not, however, provide a detailed explanation of the mechanism underlying these effects and therefore makes few suggestions as to why results vary from study to study; for example, anesthesia instructions worked only when combined with hypnotic instructions or white noise in the studies just listed, yet alone they were found to be sufficient for pain reduction in studies by Barber and Hahn (1962) and Spanos, Barber, and Lang (1975).…”

Section: B Sequential Components (Sensation and Emotion) Modelmentioning

confidence: 91%

Emotion, Pain, and Physical Illness

Leventhal

Everhart

1979

Emotions in Personality and Psychopathology

126

105

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9Leventhal and Everhart make it quite clear that pain and the emotions associated with it playa significant part in the development and well-being of the physical and social self. Their emphasis is on the contribution of emotions to the subjective experience of pain, and the explanatory model that has been developed by Leventhal and his colleagues pushes back the frontier of research on pain and pain-emotion-cognition interactions.Leventhal and Everhart provide a critical review of two earlier models of pain. They show that the sensory model, which defines pain as a sensory experience resulting from particular types and intensities of physical energy, has led to a number of false but commonly held assumptions about the sources and meanings of pain. They note, for example, that this model falsely predicts that injury always leads to pain and that the magnitude of the injury is directly related to the magnitude of the pain.They describe the sequential components model in terms of the formula, pain = sensation + emotion. In this framework, the emotion, typically fear, is somehow added to the sensory information resulting from the injury. Investigators following this model recognize the power of emotion in influencing subjective experience and hence they emphasize the treatment of the emotion component as a method of alleviating the pain. Leventhal and Everhart discuss the question of the relative contribution of the sensory data from tissue injury and the emotion component and find the sequential components model inadequate for resolving this issue. In order to resolve the problems inherent in the earlier theories of pain, the authors propose a parallel processing model in which the sensoryinformational data from tissue damage are processed simultaneously or in parallel with the emotional component. The end result of this parallel processing of data from the pain and emotion systems is a pain-distress (or pain-emotion) experience in which there is integration of the sensory information about the noxious stimulus with emotion responses. According to this model, one 262Editor's Introduction neural pathway handles the sensory data from the noxious stimulus or injury and provides information about the location, duration, intensity, and other attributes of the stimulus. The second pathway generates the emotion experience, and the integration of the data from the two pathways produces pain-distress or the pain-emotion experience. The interaction of the two components takes place very early in the signal conduction sequence, but the interaction may be inhibited or altered by attentional processes.The integration of the sensory data of tissue damage (pain information) with emotion requires what the authors term "schematic processing." Through experience, each individual develops affective-cognitive structures or schemata that represent the informational and pain-emotion aspects of earlier experiences. What we experience in a given noxious stimulus-situation is determined in part by the schema we have for that situation. Th...

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“…It should be noted that the necessity of hypnotic procedures to produce these changes in pain perception has been challenged (e.g. Barber and Hahn, 1962;Spanos, 1986;Chaves, 1989;Spanos, 1989).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Hypnotic phenomena and altered states of consciousness: a multilevel framework of description and explanation

Kallio

Revonsuo

2003

Contemporary Hypnosis

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There is currently agreement that, in addition to the changes in external behaviour, suggestions presented in a hypnotic context may give rise to changes in subjective experience. Ye t, there is no general agreement about the theoretical framework within which these changes in experience should be explained. Though different theories about hypnosis overlap in many respects, there is still disagreement on whether reference to a specific internal state of the individual is necessary in order to explain these changes. We place the explanatory task in the context of a multilevel framework of explanation, which reveals that the disagreement between the 'state' and 'nonstate' view is about the level of description at which the phenomenon 'hypnosis' should be conceptualized. We propose a novel approach using the multilevel explanation which helps to formulate empirically testable hypotheses about the nature of hypnosis. We will outline the basic elements of such an approach and hope that our proposition will help hypnosis research to integrate with the multidisciplinary research on other phenomena of consciousness.

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Physiological and subjective responses to pain producing stimulation under hypnotically-suggested and waking-imagined "analgesia."

Cited by 211 publications

References 24 publications

Perceiving the World Through Group-Colored Glasses: A Perceptual Model of Intergroup Relations

Perceiving the World Through Group-Colored Glasses: A Perceptual Model of Intergroup Relations

Emotion, Pain, and Physical Illness

Hypnotic phenomena and altered states of consciousness: a multilevel framework of description and explanation

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