Physicochemical characterization and antibacterial activity of Rajata Bhasma and silver nanoparticle

Abstract

Introduction:Bhasma, an Ayurvedic metallo-mineral preparation, is claimed to be biologically produced nanoparticles. Rajata (silver) is a noble metal known for its antimicrobial activity. Rajata Bhasma (RB) is expected to be composed of nanoparticles. With all these facts in place, this study was conducted to evaluate RB for the presence of silver nanoparticle (SNP) and its antimicrobial effect.Aim:The aim of this study is to analyze the physicochemical characterization, antibacterial activity of RB, and SNP.Materials and Methods:RB was commercially ordered and SNP was prepared by Turkevich method. Characterization of RB was carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). SNP was characterized by ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and ICP-AES. Antibacterial activity of RB and SNP was carried out by well-diffusion method.Results:Analysis of RB by SEM revealed particles in range from 10 to 60 nm. UV-visible spectrum of the aqueous medium containing SNPs showed absorption peak at around 423 nm. The TEM analysis showed that SNP was spherical in the range of 5–50 nm and uniformly distributed without significant agglomeration. The content of silver in RB measured with ICP-AES was found to be 70.56% whereas in case of SNP was 65.23%. Staphylococcus aureus was found to be sensitive to both RB and SNP. Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis were found to be resistant to RB as well as SNP.Conclusion:The current study shows that RB does have silver particles in the size of nanometers and also has mild antibacterial activity.

Chemical Compositions of Metals in Bhasmas and Tibetan Zuotai Are a Major Determinant of Their Therapeutic Effects and Toxicity

“…The preparation of Trivanga Bhasma (Sn, Zn and Pb), examined by XRD analysis, shows crystalline nature and nanosized particles by Scherrer's equation, and by SEM analysis, lead, zinc and tin oxides show well-defined plate-like structures [ 25 ]. The standard preparation procedures for Rajata Bhasma (Ag) and silver nanoparticles are detailed [ 26 ]. Yashada (Zn) preparation and its antidiabetic role were also documented [ 19 ].…”

“…Many metallic preparations had antibacterial activity. For example, Rajata (Ag) Bhasma nanoparticles could suppress Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Enterococcus faecalis [ 26 ]. Yashada Bhasma (Zinc clax) could inhibit Propionibacterium acne and suppresses acne induced inflammation in vitro [ 79 ].…”

Ayurvedic metal nanoparticles could be novel antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2

“…Rajata Bhasma (incinerated silver) by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis shows the regular and uniform arrangement of a cluster of granules in Rajata Bhasma. The sizes of the particles range from 10 to 60 nm [ 33 ]. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of Tamra Bhasma (incinerated copper) reveals that it is nanocrystalline and has a size of less than 100 nm [ 34 ].…”

Synthesis And Comparative Evaluation Of Traditional Herbomineral Nanoceuticals For Their Haemopoietic Activity

“…The prepared formulations were standardized initially by conventional means, which involve loating property determination, testing ineness, and metallic lustre for the preliminary analytical con irmation of Bhasma preparation. Physical evaluations like colour, odour, taste and pH and the determination of Ash values and LOD were also evaluated for the formulations and compared with the standard mar-keted Formulation (Wadekar et al, 2005;Sharma et al, 2016).…”