Physico-chemical changes in karkade (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) seedlings responding to salt stress

Abstract

Salinity is one of the major abiotic stress factors affecting series of morphological, physiological, metabolic and molecular changes in plant growth. The effect of different concentrations (0, 25, 50, 100 and 150 mM) of NaCl on the vegetative growth and some physiological parameters of karkade (Hibiscus sabdariffa var. sabdariffa) seedling were investigated. NaCl affected the germination rate, delayed emergence and retarded vegetative growth of seedlings. The length of seedling as well as the leaf area was significantly reduced. The fresh weight remained lower in NaCl treated seedlings compared to control. NaCl at 100 and 150 mM concentrations had significant effect on the dry matter contents of the treated seedlings. The chloroplast pigments in the treated seedlings were affected, suggesting that the NaCl had a significant effect on the chlorophyll and carotenoid biosynthesis. The results showed that the salt treatments induced an increase in proline concentration of the seedlings. The osmotic potential (ψs) of NaCl treated seedlings decreased with increasing NaCl concentrations. Salt treatments resulted in dramatic quantitative reduction in the total sterol percent compared with control ones. Salt stress resulted in increase and decrease of Na and K ions, respectively. NaCl salinity increased lipid peroxidation. SDS-PAGE was used to evaluate protein pattern after applying salt stress. High molecular weight proteins were intensified, while low molecular weight proteins were faint. NaCl at 100 and 150 mM concentration distinguished with new protein bands. Salt stress induced a new peroxidase bands and increased the band intensity, indicating the protective role of peroxidase enzyme.

Exogenous Application of Zinc to Mitigate the Salt Stress in Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek—Evaluation of Physiological and Biochemical Processes

“…Salinity also induces a cascade of oxidative reaction resulting in the overproduction of ROS ( Figure 3 ). Membranes are the main site of ROS attack which leads to severe lipid peroxidation, dimerization and polymerization of proteins, causing alteration of cell membranes [ 43 ].Under salinity, lipid peroxidation is a manifestation of damage and leakage of membranes [ 34 , 44 ]. In the current study, lipid peroxidation was evident under salt stress by increased ion leakage, TBARS content and H 2 O 2 content.…”

Biochar and compost enhance soil quality and growth of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) under saline conditions

“…Roselle ( Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) plants are tropical wild plants and have high levels of polyphenols, anthocyanins and flavonoids which are important compounds for human health 18 , 19 . Roselle plants are moderately tolerance for saline and can tolerate up to 10 dS m −1 of water salinity 19 – 21 . The high levels of saline irrigation reduce the germination and vegetative growth and induce morphological, physiological and biochemical changes 20 , 21 .…”

“…Roselle plants are moderately tolerance for saline and can tolerate up to 10 dS m −1 of water salinity 19 – 21 . The high levels of saline irrigation reduce the germination and vegetative growth and induce morphological, physiological and biochemical changes 20 , 21 .…”

Substrates and Temperatures in the Germination of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Seeds

“…The substrate represents the physical support on which the seed is placed with the function of offering and preserving the proper conditions of seed germination and seedling growth (Borges & Toorop, 2015). For H. sabdariffa, there was only one report on germination, initial growth and survival of seedlings under salt stress (Galal, 2017).…”