Physical quality of an Oxisol under an integrated crop-livestock-forest system in the Brazilian Cerrado

Abstract

SUMMARYSoil physical quality is an important factor for the sustainability of agricultural systems. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate soil physical properties and soil organic carbon in a Typic Acrudox under an integrated crop-livestock-forest system. The experiment was carried out in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Treatments consisted of seven systems: integrated crop-livestock-forest, with 357 trees ha -1 and pasture height of 30 cm ); integrated crop-livestock-forest with 357 trees ha -1 and pasture height of 45 cm ); integrated crop-livestockforest with 227 trees ha -1 and pasture height of 30 cm ); integrated croplivestock-forest with 227 trees ha -1 and pasture height of 45 cm ); integrated crop-livestock with pasture height of 30 cm (CL 30 ); integrated croplivestock with pasture height of 45 cm (CL 45 ) and native vegetation (NV). Soil properties were evaluated for the depths of 0-10 and 10-20 cm. All grazing treatments increased bulk density (ρ ρ ρ ρ ρ b ) and penetration resistance (PR), and decreased total porosity (ƒ t ) and macroporosity (ƒ ma ), compared to NV. The values of ρ ρ ρ ρ ρ b (1.18-1.47 Mg m -3 ), ƒ ma (0.14-0.17 m 3 m -3 ) and PR (0.62-0.81 MPa) at the 0-10 cm depth were not restrictive to plant growth. The change in land use from NV to CL or CLF decreased soil organic carbon (SOC) and the soil organic carbon pool (SOC pool ). All grazing treatments had a similar SOC pool at the 0-10 cm depth and were lower than that for NV (17.58 Mg ha -1 ).Index terms: agroforestry, soil organic carbon, multivariate analysis. A qualidade física do solo é um importante fator para a sustentabilidade dos sistemas agrícolas. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar as propriedades físicas do solo e o carbono orgânico em um Latossolo Vermelho distrófico, sob sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta. O experimento foi conduzido no Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Os tratamentos consistiram de sete sistemas: integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta, com 357 árvores ha -1 e altura de pastejo de 30 cm ); integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta, com 357 árvores ha -1 e altura do pastejo de 45 cm (CLF 357-45 ); integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta, com 227 árvores ha -1 e altura do pastejo de 30 cm ); integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta, com 227 árvores ha -1 e altura do pastejo de 45 cm ); integração lavourapecuária, com a altura do pastejo de 30 cm (CL 30 ); integração lavoura-pecuária, com a altura do pastejo de 45 cm (CL 45 ); e vegetação nativa (NV). As propriedades do solo foram avaliadas nas profundidades de 0-10 e 10-20 cm. Todos os tratamentos com pastagem aumentaram a densidade do solo (ρ b ) e resistência à penetração (RP) e diminuíram a porosidade total (ƒ t ) e macroporosidade (ƒ ma ), em comparação com a NV. Os valores de ρ b (1,18-1,47 Mg m -3 ), ƒ ma (0,14-0,17 m 3 m -3 ) e PR (0,62-0,81 MPa) na profundidade de 0-10 cm não foram restritivos ao crescimento de plantas. A mudança de uso do solo a partir NV para CL ou CLF diminuiu o carbono orgânico (SOC) e o estoque de carbono orgânico (SOC...

Management systems and soil use on fractions and stocks of organic carbon and nitrogen total in cerrado latosol

“…The TOC stock values observed in this study is within the range of values found by other authors in Cerrado soils (D'ANDREA et al, 2004;SILVA et al, 2011;GUARESCHI et al, 2012). The management systems and land use studied promoted decrease in TOC, POC and TN and were not able to recover the contents in relation to the CE, a fact that corroborates data from other authors (CARVALHO et al, 2010;SILVA et al, 2011;SOUSA NETO et al, 2014). In the highest level indicated, the TN was 50% to ISA and 29% in the ISA, respectively.…”

“…The reductions occurs in the TOC after conversion of native vegetation to agricultural systems, however, there is possible recovery in this attribute with the consolidation of conservation systems (DIEKOW et al, 2005;Carvalho et al, 2010;Sousa Neto et al, 2014), this fact was not observed in this study, since even after 10 years of agricultural systems, CF and NT did not show recovery of the TOC content in the CE. Study conducted by Siqueira Neto et al (2010) has found that the adoption of no-till for a period exceeding 12 years was efficient in recovering the TOC compared to the native Cerrado, in different Latosol in the state of Goiás (Brazil).…”

Physical-hydraulic soil attributes in an integrated production system with different “paricá” forest component arrangements

“…Tree-crop integrated production systems, especially in the different environments created by them, show benefits and limitations. Souza Neto et al (2014) reported greater carbon contribution in tree-crop integrated production systems, but lower soybean yield in sites shaded by trees due to lower solar incidence. According to Paciullo et al (2011), the tree component in integrated systems may affect pasture characteristics depending on the tree line distances.…”

“…2018 DOI: 10.1590/S0100-204X2018000300010 livestock integration. However, the topic has been broadly discussed (Diel et al, 2014;Souza Neto et al, 2014;Assis et al, 2015;Nogueira et al, 2016), given the potential to recover degraded areas, mainly those covered with pasture.…”

Physical soil attributes of Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) under organic and conventional management systems

“…However, it has its limitations, as for example the cost of certification, lack of specialized professionals and specific research, besides difficulties in replacing chemical fertilisation and achieving better prices. Because soil's physical properties are influenced by the management system adopted, information of the soil properties are important for optimisation and success of any agricultural activity (Araujo-Junior et al, 2011;Cortez et al, 2014;Iori et al, 2014;Sousa Neto et al, 2014). Changes in soil physical properties may influence pore volume and geometry, mechanical resistance, and the storage and movement of water, gases and heat of the soil and may therefore affect root and plant development (Secco et al, 2009;Oliveira et al, 2012;Fagundes et al, 2014).…”