Physical Model Tests on Wave Overtopping and Flow Processes on Dike Crests Influenced by Wave-Current Interaction

Abstract

Flow processes like flow depths and flow velocities give important information about erosion and infiltration processes, which can lead to an unstable dike structure and consequently to dike failure. Up to now several physical model tests on wave run-up and wave overtopping are available to adjust and improve design formula for different dike structures. This kind of physical model tests have been performed in the here presented project FlowDike. Its main purpose is to consider two new aspects that could influence the assessment of wave run-up and wave overtopping as well as the flow processes on dikes which have not been investigated yet: longshore current and wind. Especially in estuaries and along coasts, the effect of tidal and storm induced currents combined with local wind fields can influence the incoming wave parameters at the dike toe as well as the wave run-up height, the wave overtopping rate and the flow processes on dikes. This paper will focus on these flow processes on dike slopes and dike crests on an 1:6 sloped dike influenced by oblique wave attack and longshore current.

Wave Run-Ups and Overtopping Affected by Oblique Wave Approaches and Currents

“…The overtopping volume was measured using overflow units, which consist of an intake channel and a watertight box mounted on a pressure cell. A detailed description of the unit is given by Lorke et al (2012).…”

Explicit Neural Network-derived formula for overtopping flow on mound breakwaters in depth-limited breaking wave conditions

“…Regarding uc2%, Van der Meer et al (2010) included Lm-1,0, the wavelength based on Tm-1,0. Lorke et al (2012) and Formentin et al (2019) proposed new formulas to estimate hc2% and uc2% on dikes with no additional explanatory variables. (5) given by EurOtop (2018) to estimate Ru2%.…”

Influence of Mild Bottom Slopes on the Overtopping Flow over Mound Breakwaters under Depth-Limited Breaking Wave Conditions

“…Lorke et al [15] carried out physical model tests on dikes (horizontal bottom and 0.1 ≤ H s /h s ≤ 0.3) focused on the effect of currents and wind on overtopping. Using this dataset, the authors proposed new empirical coefficients for the h c,2% formulas obtained by Schüttrumpf and Van Gent [8] as a function of the seaward slope of the dike, α.…”

“…The formulas to estimate OLT and OFV along the seaward slope are equivalent to those proposed by Schüttrumpf and Van Gent [8] but consider different empirical coefficients. As Lorke et al [15], EurOtop [4] considers these empirical coefficients as a function of the seaward slope of the dike, α. Regarding u c,2% , EurOtop [4] suggests the formula given by Van der Meer et al [14].…”

“…Schüttrumpf and Van Gent [8] x x x x x Lorke et al [15] x x x x EurOtop [8] x x x x Mares-Nasarre et al [9] x…”