Abstract:This paper highlights the physical and chemical surface modifications of plant fibre (PF) for attaining suitable properties as reinforcements in cementitious composites. Untreated PF faces insufficient adhesion between the fibres and matrix due to high levels of moisture absorption and poor wettability. These conditions accelerate degradation of the fibre in the composite. It is also essential to reduce the risk of hydrophilic PF conditions with surface modification, to enhance the mechanical properties of the… Show more
“…% UJF/ESP composite also had the lowest porosity with the best performance obtained at 14 days curing. The result of obtained agrees with the work of Ahmad et al [ 49 ]. Figure 4 Variation of porosity with untreated and treated JF/ESP hybrid cement-paper composites.…”
This study evaluates the effect of treated and untreated jute fiber/eggshell particulate reinforced cement-paper matrix composites for ceiling board application. Treated jute fiber (TJF) was obtained by immersing untreated jute fiber (UJF) into 1.25 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution in a shaker water bath maintained at 40 °C for 4 h. Eggshells (ESP) were pulverized and sieved to -75μm. Samples were prepared by varying the fiber volume fraction from 0.5 to 2.5 wt.% in the composites. While other constituents such as the binder (cement) and eggshell were kept constant. An hydraulic press cold compaction molder was utilized in the production of the hybrid composites in a predetermined mix ratio designed based on previous research. The samples produced were cured for 7 and 14 days, then sundried for 36 h. The physical, thermal, mechanical and wear behaviour of the produced composites were evaluated while the surface morphology of the fractured splitting tensile samples were analyzed. The result reveals that TJF/ESP hybrid composites had better performance than UJF/ESP hybrid composites in most of the tests carried out. Increase in the number of curing days was found to also enhance the properties of the composite produced in majority of the test evaluated. The 0.5 wt.% UJF/ESP gave the least performance of all the composites developed. While 2.5 wt. % TJF/ESP showed an optimum properties among the composites tested. When compared with standard, it is concluded that the hybrid composites developed can be suitable for ceiling boards and also find possible application in wall partitioning.
“…% UJF/ESP composite also had the lowest porosity with the best performance obtained at 14 days curing. The result of obtained agrees with the work of Ahmad et al [ 49 ]. Figure 4 Variation of porosity with untreated and treated JF/ESP hybrid cement-paper composites.…”
This study evaluates the effect of treated and untreated jute fiber/eggshell particulate reinforced cement-paper matrix composites for ceiling board application. Treated jute fiber (TJF) was obtained by immersing untreated jute fiber (UJF) into 1.25 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution in a shaker water bath maintained at 40 °C for 4 h. Eggshells (ESP) were pulverized and sieved to -75μm. Samples were prepared by varying the fiber volume fraction from 0.5 to 2.5 wt.% in the composites. While other constituents such as the binder (cement) and eggshell were kept constant. An hydraulic press cold compaction molder was utilized in the production of the hybrid composites in a predetermined mix ratio designed based on previous research. The samples produced were cured for 7 and 14 days, then sundried for 36 h. The physical, thermal, mechanical and wear behaviour of the produced composites were evaluated while the surface morphology of the fractured splitting tensile samples were analyzed. The result reveals that TJF/ESP hybrid composites had better performance than UJF/ESP hybrid composites in most of the tests carried out. Increase in the number of curing days was found to also enhance the properties of the composite produced in majority of the test evaluated. The 0.5 wt.% UJF/ESP gave the least performance of all the composites developed. While 2.5 wt. % TJF/ESP showed an optimum properties among the composites tested. When compared with standard, it is concluded that the hybrid composites developed can be suitable for ceiling boards and also find possible application in wall partitioning.
“…This is expected due to the removal of impurities during the fibre treatment, lowering the possibilities of high moisture uptake and fungal growth. 8…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This may be due to the removal of impurities of fibres during the treatment, leading to a better interaction of fibre and matrix. 8…”
Oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) is one of the potential natural fibre that can be used as an alternative to synthetic fibre. EFB was heat-treated at 180°C using vacuum oven for 1 h, extrusion compounded with high-density polyethylene at 10%, 20% and 30% weight fraction. The composites were injection moulded into dumb-bell (ASTM D-638) and bar-shaped specimens (ASTM E-23). The composites were exposed to different environments which are soil burial and indoor environment for 3 months. The effects of conditioning on mechanical and thermal properties were studied relative to the dry as moulded samples as a standard. It was found that the mechanical and thermal properties of composites under soil burial conditions were reduced. Tensile modulus of 30% untreated fibre loading reduced from 1.56 GPa for dry to 1.03 GPa for soil burial conditions, respectively. The same reduction was also found in the flexural modulus. However, the value of treated fibre composites was found slightly higher compared to untreated fibre composites. The treated fibre composites showed more resistance towards the environment condition. Composites made from heat-treated EFB show improved thermal stability, expected due to better compatibility between fibres and matrices, thus lowering the moisture intake, despite the conditions of the samples. However, indoor exposure has no significant effect on the thermal and mechanical properties of composites.
“…Composites including natural fibers have recently emerged as a promising alternative to glass and synthetic fiber reinforced composites in various industries, particularly as structural materials for transport vehicles, packaging, building, leisure equipment and consumer goods sectors (Mohanty et al, 2005;Ahmad et al, 2019). The main perceived advantages are expressed both in terms of enhanced composite performance to weight ratio, as well as in reduced feedstock and lower environmental footprint of the fabrication process.…”
This article reports on the results of a collaborative work aiming at improving the mechanical performances of composites based on flax fabrics and epoxy thermosets or silicone materials. Radiation processing was assessed as a simple pretreatment to modify the surface composition of commercially available fabrics. Two approaches were explored after analysis of the chemical features of the two types of composites. A first method designed for epoxy thermosets is based on the immobilization of bio-based adhesion promoters, partially epoxidized fatty oils exhibiting carbon-carbon unsaturations and epoxy groups expected to act as coupling agents after simultaneous EB radiationgrafting process. The second method was based on the peroxidation by EB-irradiation in air of the flax fabrics selected for the reinforcement of vinylsiloxane-based silicone materials. The thermal decomposition of peroxyl groups during the curing of a silicone matrix including vinylsiloxane units was indeed expected to generate covalent links between the fibers and reactive silicone formulations. The advantage and limitations of the two methods are discussed based on mechanical testing of composite specimens fabricated with the original fabrics, or after implementation of the radiation-induced pre-treatments. The efficiency of the proposed grafting processes is supported by XPS at the different stages of the modification process, as well as by SEM observation of fractured samples. The spectroscopic signature of adhesion promoters for the epoxy composites or of models of the silicone matrix was observed after radiation-promoted immobilization and extensive washing of fabric samples.
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