Physical activity energy expenditure vs cardiorespiratory fitness level in impaired glucose metabolism

Lidegaard, Lærke P.; Hansen, Anders Melchior; Johansen, Nanna Borup; Witte, Daniel R.; Brage, Sören; Lauritzen, Torsten; Jørgensen, Marit Eika; Christensen, Dirk L.

doi:10.1007/s00125-015-3738-x

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…More days of either aerobic or strength exercise were associated with lower glucose and HbA1c in both men and women. Similarly, both physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness have been associated with lower fasting glucose [ 8 ] and lower HbA1c [ 9 ] in prior research. Lower fasting glucose and HbA1c are indicative of better glucose regulation due to changes in beta cell functioning [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, both physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness have been associated with lower fasting glucose [ 8 ] and lower HbA1c [ 9 ] in prior research. Lower fasting glucose and HbA1c are indicative of better glucose regulation due to changes in beta cell functioning [ 8 ]. The association of lower glucose and HbA1c with higher exercise frequency may be due to the insulin-independent mechanism for glucose uptake by muscle cells stimulated by muscle contraction during exercise [ 10 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations of aerobic and strength exercise with clinical laboratory test values

Fragala

Chaump

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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ObjectivesPhysical exercise may affect levels of blood-based biomarkers. However, exercise status is seldom considered in the interpretation of laboratory results. This study reports the associations between habitual exercise participation and clinical laboratory test results.MethodsThe effects of days per week of aerobic and strength exercise participation on laboratory test results for 26 biomarkers in young adults aged 18 to 34 years (n = 80,111) were evaluated using percentile distribution analyses and multivariate regression.ResultsIn both men and women, more days per week of either aerobic or strength exercise were significantly associated with lower levels of glucose, hemoglobin A1c, LDL cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglycerides, estimated glomerular filtration rate, globulin, and C-reactive protein, and significantly higher levels of HDL cholesterol, creatinine, iron, and percent saturation (all p < .05). Type of exercise or gender influenced the observed relationships with exercise frequency for total cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase, uric acid, bilirubin, and iron binding capacity.ConclusionsPhysical exercise shifted the distribution of results into the direction suggestive of better health. Reported relationships may help clinicians and patients to better understand and interpret laboratory results in athletic populations and possibly re-evaluate interpretation of reference intervals for physically active populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of aerobic and strength exercise with clinical laboratory test values

Fragala

Chaump

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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“…Strong evidence suggests that lifestyle modification, including improvement in physical activity (PA), can effectively lower diabetes and cardiovascular risk in individuals with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) ( 4 – 7 ). The evidence is less clear for individuals with isolated impaired fasting glycemia (i-IFG) ( 8 , 9 ) or people classified by the HbA 1c criterion. Studies have also shown that low levels of PA are predominantly associated with metabolic defects related to IGT (systemic insulin resistance and 2-hour hyperglycemia) as compared with i-IFG (defective first-phase insulin secretion, decreased basal hepatic glucose uptake, and fasting hyperglycemia) ( 9 – 12 ).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The evidence is less clear for individuals with isolated impaired fasting glycemia (i-IFG) ( 8 , 9 ) or people classified by the HbA 1c criterion. Studies have also shown that low levels of PA are predominantly associated with metabolic defects related to IGT (systemic insulin resistance and 2-hour hyperglycemia) as compared with i-IFG (defective first-phase insulin secretion, decreased basal hepatic glucose uptake, and fasting hyperglycemia) ( 9 – 12 ). Furthermore, the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) showed that lifestyle intervention was more effective than metformin for 2hPG-defined diabetes, whereas metformin and lifestyle intervention had a similar impact on FPG concentrations ( 4 , 13 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Physical Activity and Improvement of Glycemia in Prediabetes by Different Diagnostic Criteria

Færch

Witte

Brunner

et al. 2017

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &Amp; Metabolism

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Context:The effects of physical activity (PA) on improvement of glycemia may differ between prediabetic individuals defined by oral glucose tolerance test vs glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c).Objective:We studied the association between PA and improvement of glycemia in individuals with prediabetes defined by glucose vs HbA1c criteria.Design, Setting, and Participants:From the Whitehall II study, 957 participants with prediabetes defined by isolated impaired fasting glucose (i-IFG), isolated impaired glucose tolerance (i-IGT), or both and 457 with prediabetes defined by HbA1c were included.Main Outcome Measures:The associations of PA with concomitant changes in glucose-related outcomes during 5 years of follow-up were analyzed. A recursive partitioning analysis was performed to study heterogeneity in the association between baseline PA and the probability of reversion to normoglycemia.Results:After 5 years of follow-up, 405 (42%) individuals with glucose-defined prediabetes reverted to normal glucose tolerance (NGT). A 5-year increase in moderate-to-vigorous-intensity PA was associated with improvements in insulin sensitivity and β-cell function, but PA was not generally associated with reversion to NGT. Only among women ≥50 years with i-IFG or i-IGT, higher amounts of PA were associated with higher probability of reversion to NGT. In HbA1c-defined prediabetes, only 20 individuals (4.4%) reverted to normoglycemia, and PA was not associated with improvement in glycemic markers.Conclusions:PA may be particularly important for reversion to normoglycemia among older women with i-IFG or i-IGT. Individuals with prediabetes identified by HbA1c have a low probability of reversion to normoglycemia, and their changes in glycemia are not related to PA.

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“…In approximately two-thirds of obese individuals who did not develop T2DM, pancreatic islet mass increased to compensate for increased insulin demand (22,23). Changes in β-cell mass might occur several years before hyperglycemia appears, as suggested by the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) (24). Reduction in β-cell mass might occur following β-cell apoptosis and reduced generation of new cells (25,26).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The differences in homeostasis model assessment values in type 2 diabetic patients with different lengths of history of diabetes

Wang¹,

Liu²,

Zhang³

et al. 2019

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Objective: Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is characterized by the progressive deterioration of pancreatic islet β-cell function over time and insulin resistance. Knowing more about the differences in pancreatic islet function in T2DM patients who have had diabetes for different lengths of time can help improve therapy for T2DM. Subjects and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study to compare islet β-cell function and insulin resistance in T2DM patients (n = 3,254) who had had diabetes for different lengths of time and those in normal controls (n = 794) using ANOVA and LSD analysis. Results: We found that compared with that in normal controls, HOMA-β in T2DM patients with a history of diabetes of less than 1 year was lower (approximately 52% of that of normal controls, p = 0.003), while HOMA-IR in these patients was higher (approximately 50% of that of normal controls, p = 0.007). Compared with that in other diabetic patients, HOMA-β in patients with a history of diabetes of more than 30 years was the lowest. HOMA-IR in patients with a history of diabetes of between 20 and 30 years was lower than that in other diabetic patients (p < 0.05). Conclusions: There were obvious decreases in HOMA-β and increases in HOMA-IR in T2DM patients with a history of diabetes of less than 1 year compared with those in normal controls. Therefore, early screening and intervention for T2DM might help improve islet function and delay the progression of diabetes. Arch

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Physical activity energy expenditure vs cardiorespiratory fitness level in impaired glucose metabolism

Cited by 14 publications

References 46 publications

Associations of aerobic and strength exercise with clinical laboratory test values

Associations of aerobic and strength exercise with clinical laboratory test values

Physical Activity and Improvement of Glycemia in Prediabetes by Different Diagnostic Criteria

The differences in homeostasis model assessment values in type 2 diabetic patients with different lengths of history of diabetes

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